Abstract Description

14,000,000 Leading Edge Experts on the ideXlab platform

Scan Science and Technology

Contact Leading Edge Experts & Companies

Scan Science and Technology

Contact Leading Edge Experts & Companies

The Experts below are selected from a list of 188154 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Michael R Rickels - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • total pancreatectomy and islet autotransplantation in chronic pancreatitis recommendations from pancreasfest
    Pancreatology, 2014
    Co-Authors: Melena D Bellin, Martin L Freeman, Andres Gelrud, Adam Slivka, Alfred Clavel, Abhinav Humar, Sarah Jane Schwarzenberg, Mark E Lowe, Michael R Rickels
    Abstract:

    Abstract Description Total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation (TPIAT) is a surgical procedure used to treat severe complications of chronic pancreatitis or very high risk of pancreatic cancer while reducing the risk of severe diabetes mellitus. However, clear guidance on indications, contraindications, evaluation, timing, and follow-up are lacking. Methods A working group reviewed the medical, psychological, and surgical options and supporting literature related to TPIAT for a consensus meeting during PancreasFest . Results Five major areas requiring clinical evaluation and management were addressed: These included: 1) indications for TPIAT; 2) contraindications for TPIAT; 3) optimal timing of the procedure; 4) need for a multi-disciplinary team and the roles of the members; 5) life-long management issues following TPIAP including diabetes monitoring and nutrition evaluation. Conclusions TPIAT is an effective method of managing the disabling complications of chronic pancreatitis and risk of pancreatic cancer in very high risk patients. Careful evaluation and long-term management of candidate patients by qualified multidisciplinary teams is required. Multiple recommendations for further research were also identified.

  • detection evaluation and treatment of diabetes mellitus in chronic pancreatitis recommendations from pancreasfest 2012
    Pancreatology, 2013
    Co-Authors: Michael R Rickels, Melena D Bellin, Michelle A Anderson, Randall E Brand, Suresh T Chari, Luca Frulloni, Frederico G S Toledo, Paul R Robertson, Dana K Andersen, David C Whitcomb
    Abstract:

    Abstract Description Diabetes and glucose intolerance are common complications of chronic pancreatitis, yet clinical guidance on their detection, classification, and management is lacking. Methods A working group reviewed the medical problems, diagnostic methods, and treatment options for chronic pancreatitis-associated diabetes for a consensus meeting at PancreasFest 2012 . Results Guidance Statement 1.1 : Diabetes mellitus is common in chronic pancreatitis. While any patient with chronic pancreatitis should be monitored for development of diabetes, those with long-standing duration of disease, prior partial pancreatectomy, and early onset of calcific disease may be at higher risk. Those patients developing diabetes mellitus are likely to have co-existing pancreatic exocrine insufficiency. Guidance Statement 1.2 : Diabetes occurring secondary to chronic pancreatitis should be recognized as pancreatogenic diabetes (type 3c diabetes). Guidance Statement 2.1 : The initial evaluation should include fasting glucose and HbA1c. These tests should be repeated annually. Impairment in either fasting glucose or HbA1c requires further evaluation. Guidance Statement 2.2 : Impairment in either fasting glucose or HbA1c should be further evaluated by a standard 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. Guidance Statement 2.3 : An absent pancreatic polypeptide response to mixed-nutrient ingestion is a specific indicator of type 3c diabetes. Guidance Statement 2.4 : Assessment of pancreatic endocrine reserve, and importantly that of functional beta-cell mass, should be performed as part of the evaluation and follow-up for total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation (TPIAT). Guidance Statement 3 : Patients with pancreatic diabetes shall be treated with specifically tailored medical nutrition and pharmacologic therapies. Conclusions Physicians should evaluate and treat glucose intolerance in patients with pancreatitis.

James M Perrin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • health care transition for youth with special health care needs
    Journal of Adolescent Health, 2012
    Co-Authors: Sheila R Bloom, Karen Kuhlthau, Jeanne Van Cleave, Alixandra A Knapp, Paul W Newacheck, James M Perrin
    Abstract:

    Purpose: Youth with special health care needs (YSHCN) increasingly live into adulthood, and approximately 500,000 U.S. youth transition from pediatric to adult health care systems annually. Through a systematic literature review, we sought to (1) determine adult outcomes for YSHCN who have no special transition interventions and (2) identify evidence for strategies that lead to better outcomes, in particular, access to adult health care. Methods: We searched the medical, nursing, psychology, and social science literature and reviewed selected articles’ reference lists. Transition experts also recommended relevant articles. Search criteria included health conditions, transition-related activities, and health care and related outcomes. We selected English-language articles published from 1986 to 2010, with an Abstract, Description of transition-related interventions (objective 2), and posttransition outcomes. Investigators Abstracted study design, population, sample size, Description of intervention, data collection methods, and findings. Results: The search yielded 3,370 articles, of which 15 met study criteria. Although many YSHCN appear to make the transition to adult health providers successfully, some experience serious gaps in outcomes; those with more complex conditions or with conditions affecting the nervous system appear to have less good transitions. Some evidence supports introducing YSHCN to adult providers before leaving the pediatric system; one study supports using care coordinators to improve outcomes. Conclusions: Evidence regarding programs to facilitate transition for YSHCN is inconclusive. Weak evidence suggests that meeting adult providers before transfer may facilitate posttransition access to care. We recommend additional studies with strong research designs to guide best practice in preparing YSHCN for adulthood.

Peter Rodgers - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • drawing euler diagrams with circles the theory of piercings
    IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 2011
    Co-Authors: Gem Stapleton, Leishi Zhang, John Howse, Peter Rodgers
    Abstract:

    Euler diagrams are effective tools for visualizing set intersections. They have a large number of application areas ranging from statistical data analysis to software engineering. However, the automated generation of Euler diagrams has never been easy: given an Abstract Description of a required Euler diagram, it is computationally expensive to generate the diagram. Moreover, the generated diagrams represent sets by polygons, sometimes with quite irregular shapes that make the diagrams less comprehensible. In this paper, we address these two issues by developing the theory of piercings, where we define single piercing curves and double piercing curves. We prove that if a diagram can be built inductively by successively adding piercing curves under certain constraints, then it can be drawn with circles, which are more esthetically pleasing than arbitrary polygons. The theory of piercings is developed at the Abstract level. In addition, we present a Java implementation that, given an inductively pierced Abstract Description, generates an Euler diagram consisting only of circles within polynomial time.

Katia P. Sycara - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • automated discovery interaction and composition of semantic web services
    Journal of Web Semantics, 2003
    Co-Authors: Katia P. Sycara, Massimo Paolucci, Anupriya Ankolekar, Naveen Srinivasan
    Abstract:

    Abstract In this paper, we introduce a vision for Semantic Web services which combines the growing Web services architecture and the Semantic Web and we will propose DAML-S as a prototypical example of an ontology for describing Semantic Web services. Furthermore, we show that DAML-S is not just an Abstract Description, but it can be efficiently implemented to support capability matching and to manage interaction between Web services. Specifically, we will describe the implementation of the DAML-S/UDDI Matchmaker that expands on UDDI by providing semantic capability matching, and we will present the DAML-S Virtual Machine that uses the DAML-S Process Model to manage the interaction with Web service. We will also show that the use of DAML-S does not produce a performance penalty during the normal operation of Web services.

G. C. Avontuur - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • an implementation of reliability analysis in the conceptual design phase of drive trains
    Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 2001
    Co-Authors: G. C. Avontuur, K Van Der Werff
    Abstract:

    Abstract Reliability analysis will have a major influence on the design, if it is applied during the conceptual design phase. This will result in more reliable and less expensive structures; a structure that is reliable in concept is less expensive than a structure that is not reliable in concept, but is improved in a later phase of the design process. The introduction of reliability analysis in the conceptual design phase will have important consequences for the design process. The designer and risk analyst would have to work closely together and the risk analyst has to make fault tree analyses for many design solutions, increasing the cost of the design. Automation can make the analysis less complex, can reduce the time of an analysis, and can prevent errors. An implementation in software can take over complex parts of the analysis from the designer and risk analyst, and it can execute these tasks much faster and more accurate. If the designer can execute the analysis himself, he does not depend on the availability of a risk analysis expert. Then, he can immediately decide if and how the design needs improvement. Also, the designer can optimise a structure by analysing a number of concepts. Thus, reliability analysis can be applied in many more cases than before, which will lead to better designs. This article discusses the role of reliability analysis in the design process of drive systems at the Mechanical Engineering Department of the Construction Division of the Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management. It gives an Abstract Description of the functions of a drive system to find an automated reliability analysis method.