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Michael C Allen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Acadian flycatcher empidonax virescens nest tail structure and function in temperate forests
    American Midland Naturalist, 2012
    Co-Authors: Terry L Master, Michael C Allen
    Abstract:

    Abstract Streamers of hanging plant debris (nest tails) are commonly used for nest concealment by tropical Tyrannid flycatchers. Of the 35 species of Tyrannid flycatchers that regularly occur in temperate North America, only the Acadian flycatcher (Empidonax virescens) retains use of nest tails. To better understand the prevalence and possible function of nest tails in temperate breeding Acadian flycatchers, we investigated 145 nests in two habitat types (deciduous and hemlock (Tsuga Canadensis) dominated) in southwestern Pennsylvania in 2006–2007. The primary constituent of nest tails was catkins of oak (Quercus sp.) and American beech (Fagus grandifolia) along with other plant debris entangled in arthropod silk. Debris availability was generally sparse but appeared more common on nest as opposed to randomly selected branches. An index of nest tail “prominence,” involving both the length and number of tails, was negatively related to nest height. Variation in nest survival rates was poorly explained by n...

  • Acadian flycatcher empidonax virescens nest tail structure and function in temperate forests
    American Midland Naturalist, 2012
    Co-Authors: Terry L Master, Michael C Allen
    Abstract:

    Abstract Streamers of hanging plant debris (nest tails) are commonly used for nest concealment by tropical Tyrannid flycatchers. Of the 35 species of Tyrannid flycatchers that regularly occur in temperate North America, only the Acadian flycatcher (Empidonax virescens) retains use of nest tails. To better understand the prevalence and possible function of nest tails in temperate breeding Acadian flycatchers, we investigated 145 nests in two habitat types (deciduous and hemlock (Tsuga Canadensis) dominated) in southwestern Pennsylvania in 2006–2007. The primary constituent of nest tails was catkins of oak (Quercus sp.) and American beech (Fagus grandifolia) along with other plant debris entangled in arthropod silk. Debris availability was generally sparse but appeared more common on nest as opposed to randomly selected branches. An index of nest tail “prominence,” involving both the length and number of tails, was negatively related to nest height. Variation in nest survival rates was poorly explained by n...

  • responses of Acadian flycatchers empidonax virescens to hemlock woolly adelgid adelges tsucae infestation in appalachian riparian forests
    The Auk, 2009
    Co-Authors: Michael C Allen, Terry L Master, James Sheehan, Robert S. Mulvihill
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACT. Invasive insects pose a significant threat to biodiversity, often affecting entire communities through the destruction of foundation species. Eastern Hemlock (Tsuga canadensis [L.] Carr.) forests, which are unique habitats in eastern North America, are threatened by an introduced insect, the Hemlock Woolly Adelgid (Adelges tsugae Annand). Previous studies have found declines in the abundance of some forest bird species, including the Acadian Flycatcher (Empidonax virescens), with increasing infestation by Hemlock Woolly Adelgids. To identify potential mechanisms behind these declines, we studied abundance, breeding biology, and habitat selection of Acadian Flycatchers in 11 Eastern Hemlock-dominated riparian sites in Pennsylvania and New Jersey, representing a continuum of infestation levels, in 2001–2002 and 2006–2007. Eastern Hemlock supported 90% of all nests and was used more as a nesting substrate than expected at most sites. We found ∼70% fewer breeding pairs at heavily infested sites, tho...

Vasquez-parra Adeline - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Nommer l'Acadien dans les empires britannique et français (1755-1765): Un enjeu politique ou économique?
    2018
    Co-Authors: Vasquez-parra Adeline
    Abstract:

    Were the Acadians still considered as Acadians from 1755 to 1765? This article gives an account of the many linguistic designations used in Atlantic host societies regarding Acadian exiles. These designations, found in public archives and private correspondence, reveals much about the British and French administrators' views whenever they used expressions such as "Acadians" or "Neutral French." These designations shed light on administrators' expectations of Acadians who hesitated between granting Acadians British subjection and considering them as free laborers.SCOPUS: re.jDecretOANoAutActifinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

  • Nommer l’Acadien dans les empires britannique et français (1755-1765) : un enjeu politique ou économique ?
    Acadiensis Press, 2018
    Co-Authors: Vasquez-parra Adeline
    Abstract:

    Were the Acadians still considered as Acadians from 1755 to 1765? This article gives an account of the many linguistic designations used in Atlantic host societies regarding Acadian exiles. These designations, found in public archives and private correspondence, reveals much about the British and French administrators’ views whenever they used expressions such as “Acadians” or “Neutral French.” These designations shed light on administrators’ expectations of Acadians who hesitated between granting Acadians British subjection and considering them as free laborers.De 1755 à 1765, jusqu’à quel point les Acadiens sont-ils encore considérés comme Acadiens ? Cet article rend compte des nombreuses désignations linguistiques usitées dans les sociétés d’accueil atlantiques à l’égard des déportés. Ces désignations, retrouvées dans les archives publiques et les correspondances privées, nous renseignent sur les enjeux politiques entendus par les administrateurs britanniques et français derrière les expressions « Acadiens » ou « Français neutres ». Ces désignations nous éclairent sur les attentes des administrateurs envers les Acadiens qui hésitèrent entre la sujétion de droit et l’adaptation à de nouvelles contraintes économiques les situant comme main d’oeuvre libre

  • Les empires français et anglais du xviiie siècle face aux Acadiens
    'CAIRN', 2018
    Co-Authors: Vasquez-parra Adeline
    Abstract:

    In many historical works, the Acadians, descendants of French Catholic settlers who had settled in the former French colony of Acadie, were expropriated and then deported by their new British administrators because of their religion and presumed allegiance to the King of France. However, how did the British perceive these newly colonized people and how did the French respond to their deportation? In the period following their deportation by the British in 1755, the Acadians were listed in acts of law, decrees, but also in press articles and private correspondence such as that of the governor of the Massachusetts colony Francis Bernard. Gathering these traces reveals various political and social perceptions used in transatlantic societies. Thus, what do administrators mean by using expressions such as "Acadians" or "French Neutrals"? These designations also shed light on the expectations of the European administrators towards a people first administered by the French and then deported by the British. Were they "war prisoners", an "immigrant workforce" or new subjects of law? This article tries to answer these questions, unveiling the various British and French administrations' perceptions towards the Acadian refugees in the middle of the eighteenth century.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Daniel E Ruzzante - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • extensive secondary contact among three glacial lineages of arctic char salvelinus alpinus in labrador and newfoundland
    Ecology and Evolution, 2019
    Co-Authors: Sarah J Salisbury, Gregory R Mccracken, Donald Keefe, Robert Perry, Daniel E Ruzzante
    Abstract:

    Aim The Pleistocene glaciation event prompted the allopatric divergence of multiple glacial lineages of Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus), some of which have come into secondary contact upon their recolonization of the Holarctic. While three glacial lineages (Arctic, Atlantic, and Acadian) are known to have recolonized the western Atlantic, the degree of overlap of these three lineages is largely unknown. We sought to determine the distribution of these three glacial lineages in Labrador and Newfoundland at a fine spatial scale to assess their potential for introgression and their relative contribution to local fisheries. Location Labrador and Newfoundland, Canada. Methods We sequenced a portion of the D-loop region in over 1,000 Arctic char (S. alpinus) samples from 67 locations across Labrador and Newfoundland. Results Within Labrador, the Arctic and Atlantic lineages were widespread. Two locations (one landlocked and one with access to the sea) also contained individuals of the Acadian lineage, constituting the first record of this lineage in Labrador. Atlantic and Acadian lineage individuals were found in both eastern and western Newfoundland. Multiple sampling locations in Labrador and Newfoundland contained fish of two or more different glacial lineages, implying their introgression. Glacial lineage did not appear to dictate contemporary genetic divergence between the pale and dark morph of char present in Gander Lake, Newfoundland. Both were predominately of the Atlantic lineage, suggesting the potential for their divergence in sympatry. Main conclusions Our study reveals Labrador and Newfoundland to be a unique junction of three glacial lineages which have likely hybridized extensively in this region.

  • extensive secondary contact among three glacial lineages of arctic char salvelinus alpinus in newfoundland and labrador
    bioRxiv, 2018
    Co-Authors: Sarah J Salisbury, Gregory R Mccracken, Donald Keefe, Robert Perry, Daniel E Ruzzante
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACT We sequenced a portion of the D-loop region in over 1000 Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) samples from 67 locations across Newfoundland and Labrador to assess the extent of secondary contact among the Arctic, Atlantic, and Acadian glacial lineages in Newfoundland and Labrador. Within Labrador, the Arctic and Atlantic lineages were widespread. Two locations (one landlocked and one with access to the sea) also contained individuals of the Acadian lineage, constituting the first record of this lineage in Labrador. Atlantic and Acadian lineage individuals were found in both eastern and western Newfoundland. Multiple sampling locations in Newfoundland and Labrador contained fish of two or more different glacial lineages, implying their introgression. Glacial lineage did not appear to dictate contemporary genetic divergence between the pale and dark morph of char present in Gander Lake, Newfoundland. Both were predominately of the Atlantic lineage, suggesting the potential for their divergence in sympatry. This study reveals Newfoundland and Labrador to be a unique junction of three glacial lineages which have likely hybridized extensively in this region.

Terry L Master - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Acadian flycatcher empidonax virescens nest tail structure and function in temperate forests
    American Midland Naturalist, 2012
    Co-Authors: Terry L Master, Michael C Allen
    Abstract:

    Abstract Streamers of hanging plant debris (nest tails) are commonly used for nest concealment by tropical Tyrannid flycatchers. Of the 35 species of Tyrannid flycatchers that regularly occur in temperate North America, only the Acadian flycatcher (Empidonax virescens) retains use of nest tails. To better understand the prevalence and possible function of nest tails in temperate breeding Acadian flycatchers, we investigated 145 nests in two habitat types (deciduous and hemlock (Tsuga Canadensis) dominated) in southwestern Pennsylvania in 2006–2007. The primary constituent of nest tails was catkins of oak (Quercus sp.) and American beech (Fagus grandifolia) along with other plant debris entangled in arthropod silk. Debris availability was generally sparse but appeared more common on nest as opposed to randomly selected branches. An index of nest tail “prominence,” involving both the length and number of tails, was negatively related to nest height. Variation in nest survival rates was poorly explained by n...

  • Acadian flycatcher empidonax virescens nest tail structure and function in temperate forests
    American Midland Naturalist, 2012
    Co-Authors: Terry L Master, Michael C Allen
    Abstract:

    Abstract Streamers of hanging plant debris (nest tails) are commonly used for nest concealment by tropical Tyrannid flycatchers. Of the 35 species of Tyrannid flycatchers that regularly occur in temperate North America, only the Acadian flycatcher (Empidonax virescens) retains use of nest tails. To better understand the prevalence and possible function of nest tails in temperate breeding Acadian flycatchers, we investigated 145 nests in two habitat types (deciduous and hemlock (Tsuga Canadensis) dominated) in southwestern Pennsylvania in 2006–2007. The primary constituent of nest tails was catkins of oak (Quercus sp.) and American beech (Fagus grandifolia) along with other plant debris entangled in arthropod silk. Debris availability was generally sparse but appeared more common on nest as opposed to randomly selected branches. An index of nest tail “prominence,” involving both the length and number of tails, was negatively related to nest height. Variation in nest survival rates was poorly explained by n...

  • responses of Acadian flycatchers empidonax virescens to hemlock woolly adelgid adelges tsucae infestation in appalachian riparian forests
    The Auk, 2009
    Co-Authors: Michael C Allen, Terry L Master, James Sheehan, Robert S. Mulvihill
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACT. Invasive insects pose a significant threat to biodiversity, often affecting entire communities through the destruction of foundation species. Eastern Hemlock (Tsuga canadensis [L.] Carr.) forests, which are unique habitats in eastern North America, are threatened by an introduced insect, the Hemlock Woolly Adelgid (Adelges tsugae Annand). Previous studies have found declines in the abundance of some forest bird species, including the Acadian Flycatcher (Empidonax virescens), with increasing infestation by Hemlock Woolly Adelgids. To identify potential mechanisms behind these declines, we studied abundance, breeding biology, and habitat selection of Acadian Flycatchers in 11 Eastern Hemlock-dominated riparian sites in Pennsylvania and New Jersey, representing a continuum of infestation levels, in 2001–2002 and 2006–2007. Eastern Hemlock supported 90% of all nests and was used more as a nesting substrate than expected at most sites. We found ∼70% fewer breeding pairs at heavily infested sites, tho...

Sarah J Salisbury - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • extensive secondary contact among three glacial lineages of arctic char salvelinus alpinus in labrador and newfoundland
    Ecology and Evolution, 2019
    Co-Authors: Sarah J Salisbury, Gregory R Mccracken, Donald Keefe, Robert Perry, Daniel E Ruzzante
    Abstract:

    Aim The Pleistocene glaciation event prompted the allopatric divergence of multiple glacial lineages of Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus), some of which have come into secondary contact upon their recolonization of the Holarctic. While three glacial lineages (Arctic, Atlantic, and Acadian) are known to have recolonized the western Atlantic, the degree of overlap of these three lineages is largely unknown. We sought to determine the distribution of these three glacial lineages in Labrador and Newfoundland at a fine spatial scale to assess their potential for introgression and their relative contribution to local fisheries. Location Labrador and Newfoundland, Canada. Methods We sequenced a portion of the D-loop region in over 1,000 Arctic char (S. alpinus) samples from 67 locations across Labrador and Newfoundland. Results Within Labrador, the Arctic and Atlantic lineages were widespread. Two locations (one landlocked and one with access to the sea) also contained individuals of the Acadian lineage, constituting the first record of this lineage in Labrador. Atlantic and Acadian lineage individuals were found in both eastern and western Newfoundland. Multiple sampling locations in Labrador and Newfoundland contained fish of two or more different glacial lineages, implying their introgression. Glacial lineage did not appear to dictate contemporary genetic divergence between the pale and dark morph of char present in Gander Lake, Newfoundland. Both were predominately of the Atlantic lineage, suggesting the potential for their divergence in sympatry. Main conclusions Our study reveals Labrador and Newfoundland to be a unique junction of three glacial lineages which have likely hybridized extensively in this region.

  • extensive secondary contact among three glacial lineages of arctic char salvelinus alpinus in newfoundland and labrador
    bioRxiv, 2018
    Co-Authors: Sarah J Salisbury, Gregory R Mccracken, Donald Keefe, Robert Perry, Daniel E Ruzzante
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACT We sequenced a portion of the D-loop region in over 1000 Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) samples from 67 locations across Newfoundland and Labrador to assess the extent of secondary contact among the Arctic, Atlantic, and Acadian glacial lineages in Newfoundland and Labrador. Within Labrador, the Arctic and Atlantic lineages were widespread. Two locations (one landlocked and one with access to the sea) also contained individuals of the Acadian lineage, constituting the first record of this lineage in Labrador. Atlantic and Acadian lineage individuals were found in both eastern and western Newfoundland. Multiple sampling locations in Newfoundland and Labrador contained fish of two or more different glacial lineages, implying their introgression. Glacial lineage did not appear to dictate contemporary genetic divergence between the pale and dark morph of char present in Gander Lake, Newfoundland. Both were predominately of the Atlantic lineage, suggesting the potential for their divergence in sympatry. This study reveals Newfoundland and Labrador to be a unique junction of three glacial lineages which have likely hybridized extensively in this region.