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Huang Xuan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • U.S. Pattern of Public Access to Information Resources
    Information Sciences, 2007
    Co-Authors: Huang Xuan
    Abstract:

    This article discusses the main pattern of U.S.public Access to Information,including establishing perfect regulation system,developing electronic government,implementing FDLP,adopting "Full and Open" policy of national scientific data Access,encouraging open Access and promoting public Access to private data and databases.

Paul Magnette - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Composite democracy in Europe: the role of transparency and Access to Information
    Journal of European Public Policy, 2003
    Co-Authors: Adrienne Héritier, Olivier Costa, Nicolas Jabko, Christian Lequesne, Paul Magnette
    Abstract:

    The European Union (EU) is a "composite' democracy which features diverse forms of democratic legitimation: vertical legitimation through parliamentary representation in the European Parliament; executive representation through delegates of democratically elected governments in the Council of Ministers; horizontal mutual control among member states; associative and expert representation (delegation) in policy networks; and, finally, individual rights-based legitimacy. The argument developed in this article will proceed in four steps: first, the various strands of democratic legitimation are described while locating transparency, and Access to Information in the overall context of attempts at democratic legitimation in the EU. In the second step, the programme to increase transparency is specified in more detail. In the third step, a discussion gauges the compatibility of the relationship between Access to Information and transparency, on the one hand, and the central components of European democratic legi...

Deepa Rao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Adrienne Héritier - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Composite democracy in Europe: the role of transparency and Access to Information
    Journal of European Public Policy, 2003
    Co-Authors: Adrienne Héritier, Olivier Costa, Nicolas Jabko, Christian Lequesne, Paul Magnette
    Abstract:

    The European Union (EU) is a "composite' democracy which features diverse forms of democratic legitimation: vertical legitimation through parliamentary representation in the European Parliament; executive representation through delegates of democratically elected governments in the Council of Ministers; horizontal mutual control among member states; associative and expert representation (delegation) in policy networks; and, finally, individual rights-based legitimacy. The argument developed in this article will proceed in four steps: first, the various strands of democratic legitimation are described while locating transparency, and Access to Information in the overall context of attempts at democratic legitimation in the EU. In the second step, the programme to increase transparency is specified in more detail. In the third step, a discussion gauges the compatibility of the relationship between Access to Information and transparency, on the one hand, and the central components of European democratic legi...

  • Composite Democratic Legitimation in Europe: The Role of Transparency and Access to Information
    SSRN Electronic Journal, 2001
    Co-Authors: Adrienne Héritier
    Abstract:

    The European Union is a composite democracy (Heritier 1999a; Benz 1998; Auel et al 2000; Manin 2000). It is comprised of diverse elements of democratic legitimation: the vertical legitimation through parliamentary representation in the EP; executive representation through delegates of democratically-elected governments in the Council of Ministers; horizontal mutual control among member states; associative and experts' representation (delegation) in policy networks (Benz 1998); and, finally, individual rights based legitimacy. together these elements paint a variegated picture of the reality of democratic legitimation in Europe. The individual elements have not been developed and linked in a systematic and consistent way; rather, they have emerged from a series of pragmatic decisions, made among the range of limited possibilities allowed for by the unanimity requirements of the intergovernmental conferences or as a result of incremental individual initiatives of the different European decision-making bodies. As a consequence, it does not come as a surprise that some elements are incompatible with each other, both with respect to their primary goals and their modes of operation. The nature, reasons and consequences of this type of incompatibility or compatibility are at the centre of this article. Of particular interest is the question of relationship between the legimatory components of Access to Information and transparency, on the one hand, and the element of negotiative democracy that is, governance in policy networks, as an ubiquitous mode of governance in Europe, on the other. While transparency and Access to Information stress the input-oriented goals of democratic legitimation, that is the right to know who makes which decisions when, associative representation and negotiative democracy emphasise the output-oriented goals of democratic legitimation, that is government legitimation through policy performance accommodating the widest possible scope of interests. Both input- and output-oriented legitimation are important and have to be viewed in their reciprocal relationship. The argument developed in this article will proceed in the following steps: In the first step the various strands of democratic legitimation are described, and transparency, and Access to Information are situated in the overall context of the elements of democratic legitimation existing in the European Union. In the second step the programme to increase transparency is specified in more detail. In the third step a discussion ensures the compatibility of the relationship between Access to Information and transparency, on the one hand, and the central components of European democratic legitimation, on the other. In a fourth step normative conclusions will be drawn with respect to the possible functions that Access to Information and transparency ? bearing the compatibility of the individual components in mind ? serve in the context of the composite democracy in Europe.

Denise Rosemary Nicholson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Digital Rights Management and Access to Information: a developing country’s perspective
    LIBRES: Library and Information Science Research Electronic Journal, 2009
    Co-Authors: Denise Rosemary Nicholson
    Abstract:

    Digital rights management systems (DRMs) together with technological protection measures (TPMs) have become a controversial topic of discussion around copyrighted works, particularly since the controversial Sony BMG case. This paper addresses some of the concerns around TPM-enabled digital rights management systems as they apply to and impact on developing countries. It highlights issues such as digital censorship, international support for digital rights management and the current legislation in South Africa relating to digital rights management. It also discusses types of digital rights management systems and how they affect Access to Information and knowledge, as well as their impact on the public domain and privacy. The paper provides some recommendations and challenges to librarians and educators in South Africa and for librarians in other developing countries, on how to address digital rights management issues in relation to their obligations and mandates to provide users and learners with unrestricted Access to Information.