The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Wei Hsin Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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dilute sulfuric Acid Hydrolysis of red macroalgae eucheuma denticulatum with microwave assisted heating for biochar production and sugar recovery
Bioresource Technology, 2017Co-Authors: Yong Yi Teh, Wei Hsin Chen, Keat Teong Lee, Shih Cheng Lin, Herng Kuang Sheen, Inn Shi TanAbstract:This study aims to produce biochar and sugars from a macroalga Eucheuma denticulatum using dilute sulfuric Acid Hydrolysis along with microwave-assisted heating. The reactions were operated at sulfuric Acid concentrations of 0.1 and 0.2M, reaction temperatures of 150-170°C and a heating time of 10min. Compared to the raw macroalga, biochar qualities were improved with increased carbon content and lower ash and moisture contents. The calorific value of the biochar could be intensified up to 45%, and 39% of energy yield was recovered. Apart from producing biochar, the highest total reducing sugars were 51.47g/L (74.84% yield) along with a low by-product 5-HMF of 0.20g/L, when the biomass was treated under the optimum conditions at 160°C with 0.1M H2SO4. Thus, this study demonstrated that macroalgae could be potentially used as biomass feedstock under microwave-assisted Acid Hydrolysis for the production of biofuel and value-added products.
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effects of organosolv pretreatment and Acid Hydrolysis on palm empty fruit bunch pefb as bioethanol feedstock
Biomass & Bioenergy, 2016Co-Authors: Hwai Chyuan Ong, Badrul Mohamed Jan, Chong Wen Tong, Hadi Fauzi, Wei Hsin ChenAbstract:Abstract Biomass synthesis of palm empty fruit bunch (PEFB) into sugars yield as raw material for bioethanol conversion has successfully been performed through organosolv pretreatment and Acid Hydrolysis processes. These synthesis processes were conducted to evaluate the effect of solvent concentration namely ethanol (C 2 H 5 OH) and sulfuric Acid (H 2 SO 4 ), reactions time and temperature against total sugars yield. It is optimized through pretreatment and Hydrolysis processes, respectively. The optimum total sugars for pretreatment optimization was obtained 98.89 mg/L which correspond to 55% vol of C 2 H 5 OH with reaction time of 60 min at 120 °C. Hydrolysis process for pretreatment optimization was conducted at 1% vol H 2 SO 4 , reaction time of 30 min and temperature of 90 °C. The optimum pretreatment conditions were selected for further Hydrolysis process with H 2 SO 4 to optimize sugars yield amount in the slurries. The results of Acid Hydrolysis showed that the optimum amount of total sugars obtained was 133.17 mg/L at concentration H 2 SO 4 0.5% vol with reaction time 30 min and temperature 100 °C. Therefore, it is concluded that organosolv pretreatment and Acid Hydrolysis can be used as a novel integrated method to optimize the total sugars production synthesized from PEFB to bioethanol.
Lakkana Laopaiboon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Acid Hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse for lactic Acid production
Bioresource Technology, 2010Co-Authors: Pattana Laopaiboon, Arthit Thani, Vichean Leelavatcharamas, Lakkana LaopaiboonAbstract:Abstract In order to use sugarcane bagasse as a substrate for lactic Acid production, optimum conditions for Acid Hydrolysis of the bagasse were investigated. After lignin extraction, the conditions were varied in terms of hydrochloric (HCl) or sulfuric (H 2 SO 4 ) concentration (0.5–5%, v/v), reaction time (1–5 h) and incubation temperature (90–120 °C). The maximum catalytic efficiency ( E ) was 10.85 under the conditions of 0.5% of HCl at 100 °C for 5 h, which the main components (in g l −1 ) in the hydrolysate were glucose, 1.50; xylose, 22.59; arabinose, 1.29; acetic Acid, 0.15 and furfural, 1.19. To increase yield of lactic Acid production from the hydrolysate by Lactococcus lactis IO-1, the hydrolysate was detoxified through amberlite and supplemented with 7 g l −1 of xylose and 7 g l −1 of yeast extract. The main products (in g l −1 ) of the fermentation were lactic Acid, 10.85; acetic Acid, 7.87; formic Acid, 6.04 and ethanol, 5.24.
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Acid Hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse for lactic Acid production
Bioresource Technology, 2010Co-Authors: Pattana Laopaiboon, Arthit Thani, Vichean Leelavatcharamas, Lakkana LaopaiboonAbstract:Abstract In order to use sugarcane bagasse as a substrate for lactic Acid production, optimum conditions for Acid Hydrolysis of the bagasse were investigated. After lignin extraction, the conditions were varied in terms of hydrochloric (HCl) or sulfuric (H 2 SO 4 ) concentration (0.5–5%, v/v), reaction time (1–5 h) and incubation temperature (90–120 °C). The maximum catalytic efficiency ( E ) was 10.85 under the conditions of 0.5% of HCl at 100 °C for 5 h, which the main components (in g l −1 ) in the hydrolysate were glucose, 1.50; xylose, 22.59; arabinose, 1.29; acetic Acid, 0.15 and furfural, 1.19. To increase yield of lactic Acid production from the hydrolysate by Lactococcus lactis IO-1, the hydrolysate was detoxified through amberlite and supplemented with 7 g l −1 of xylose and 7 g l −1 of yeast extract. The main products (in g l −1 ) of the fermentation were lactic Acid, 10.85; acetic Acid, 7.87; formic Acid, 6.04 and ethanol, 5.24.
Sungkoo Kim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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hyper thermal Acid Hydrolysis and adsorption treatment of red seaweed gelidium amansii for butyric Acid production with ph control
Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, 2017Co-Authors: Gwitaek Jeong, Sungkoo KimAbstract:Optimal hyper-thermal (HT) Acid Hydrolysis conditions for Gelidium amansii were determined to be 12% (w/v) seaweed slurry content and 144 mM H2SO4 at 150 °C for 10 min. HT Acid Hydrolysis-treated G. amansii hydrolysates produced low concentrations of inhibitory compounds and adsorption treatment using 3% activated carbon. An adsorption time of 5 min was subsequently used to remove the inhibitory 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from the medium. A final maximum monosaccharide concentration of 44.6 g/L and 79.1% conversion from 56.4 g/L total fermentable monosaccharides with 120 g dw/L G. amansii slurry was obtained from HT Acid Hydrolysis, enzymatic saccharification, and adsorption treatment. This study demonstrates the potential for butyric Acid production from G. amansii hydrolysates under non-pH-controlled as well as pH-controlled fermentation using Clostridium acetobutylicum KCTC 1790. The activated carbon treatment and pH-controlled fermentation showed synergistic effects and produced butyric Acid at a concentration of 11.2 g/L after 9 days of fermentation.
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evaluation of hyper thermal Acid Hydrolysis of kappaphycus alvarezii for enhanced bioethanol production
Bioresource Technology, 2016Co-Authors: Trung Hau Nguyen, Gwitaek Jeong, Sungkoo KimAbstract:Hyper thermal (HT) Acid Hydrolysis of Kappaphycus alvarezii, a red seaweed, was optimized to 12% (w/v) seaweed slurry content, 180mM H2SO4 at 140°C for 5min. The maximum monosaccharide concentration of 38.3g/L and 66.7% conversion from total fermentable monosaccharides of 57.6g/L with 120gdw/L K. alvarezii slurry were obtained from HT Acid Hydrolysis and enzymatic saccharification. HT Acid Hydrolysis at a severity factor of 0.78 efficiently converted the carbohydrates of seaweed to monosaccharides and produced a low concentration of inhibitory compounds. The levels of ethanol production by separate Hydrolysis and fermentation with non-adapted and adapted Kluyveromyces marxianus to high concentration of galactose were 6.1g/L with ethanol yield (YEtOH) of 0.19 at 84h and 16.0g/L with YEtOH of 0.42 at 72h, respectively. Development of the HT Acid Hydrolysis process and adapted yeast could enhance the overall ethanol fermentation yields of K. alvarezii seaweed.
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thermal Acid Hydrolysis pretreatment enzymatic saccharification and ethanol fermentation from red seaweed gracilaria verrucosa
Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters, 2015Co-Authors: Jin Gyu Choi, Gwitaek Jeong, Changhan Kang, In Yung Sunwoo, Sungkoo KimAbstract:In this study, the red seaweed Gracilaria verrucosa was used as a bioethanol producing biomass. G. verrocosa has a high content of easily degradable carbohydrates, making it a potential substrate for the production of liquid fuels [8]. The carbohydrates in G. verrucosa can be categorised according to their chemical structures: alginate, carrageenan, and agar. Carrageenan and agar, which are plentiful in the seaweed, can be used as a source of galactose and glucose. Various pretreatment techniques have been introduced to enhance the overall Hydrolysis yield, and can be categorized into physical, chemical, biological, enzymatic or a combination of these [1]. Dilute Acid Hydrolysis is commonly used to prepare seaweed hydrolysates for enzymatic saccharification and fermentation for economic reasons [13]. However, thermal Acid Hydrolysis pretreatment for 3,6anhydrogalactose from G. verrucosa have produced 5hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), an inhibitory compound for ethanol production [8]. One of the problems encountered in G. verrucosa fermentation has been high concentrations of NaCl due to its origin from sea water [3]. High-salt stress to yeasts is a significant impediment on the production of ethanol from seaweed hydrolysates. Salt stress in yeasts results in two phenomena: ion toxicity and osmotic stress [11]. Defense responses to salt stress are based on osmotic adjustments by osmolyte synthesis and cation transport systems for sodium exclusion [20]. The preferential utilization of glucose over non-glucose sugars by yeast often results in low overall ethanol production and yield. When yeast grows on a mixture of glucose and galactose, the glucose is metabolized first, whereas The seaweed, Gracilaria verrucosa, was fermented to produce bioethanol. Optimal pretreatment conditions were determined to be 12% (w/v) seaweed slurry and 270 mM sulfuric Acid at 121C for 60 min. After thermal Acid Hydrolysis, enzymatic saccharification was carried out with 16 U/ml of mixed enzymes using Viscozyme L and Celluclast 1.5 L to G. verrucosa hydrolysates. A total monosaccharide concentration of 50.4 g/l, representing 84.2% conversion of 60 g/l total carbohydrate from 120 g dw/l G. verrucosa slurry was obtained by thermal Acid Hydrolysis and enzymatic saccharification. G. verrucosa hydrolysate was used as the substrate for ethanol production by separate Hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF). Ethanol production by Candida lusitaniae ATCC 42720 acclimated to high-galactose concentrations was 22.0 g/l with ethanol yield (YEtOH) of 0.43. Acclimated yeast to high concentrations of specific sugar could utilize mixed sugars, resulting in higher ethanol yields in the seaweed hydrolysates medium.
Naishang Liou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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individualization of microfibrillated celluloses from oil palm empty fruit bunch comparative studies between Acid Hydrolysis and ammonium persulfate oxidation
Cellulose, 2016Co-Authors: Kar Yin Goh, Yern Chee Ching, Cheng Hock Chuah, Luqman Chuah Abdullah, Naishang LiouAbstract:In the present study, the feasibility and the practicability of two different approaches to the individualization of microfibrillated celluloses (MFCs) from oil palm empty fruit bunches were evaluated. Some properties of MFCs prepared by ammonium persulfate (APS) oxidation were investigated and compared with those extracted using sulfuric Acid Hydrolysis. Fourier transform infrared observation demonstrated that almost all the hemicelluloses and lignin were effectively removed after the sulfuric Acid Hydrolysis, which was substantiated by the disappearance of the characteristic peaks of these two noncellulosic components at 1735 and 1508 cm−1, respectively. However, a peak at 1735 cm−1 was observed in the spectrum of APS-oxidized MFCs because the products prepared by this treatment are stabilized by carboxyl groups instead of sulfate half-ester groups, which introduced by sulfuric Acid. Furthermore, X-ray diffractograms of MFCs revealed the decrease in crystallinity after sulfuric Acid Hydrolysis but remained similar after APS oxidation. Thermogravimetric analysis was employed to determine the thermal stability of the treated fibers. In addition, the morphologies and diameters of MFCs were determined by field-emission scanning electron microscopy. MFCs formed by these two different techniques exhibited long and network-like fibrils with widths ranging from 8 to 40 nm. UV-Vis spectroscopy was used to monitor the optical transmittance of the nanocellulose suspensions.
Dayang Radiah Awang Biak - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of ultrasonic pre treatment on low temperature Acid Hydrolysis of oil palm empty fruit bunch
Bioresource Technology, 2010Co-Authors: Robiah Yunus, Shanti Faridah Salleh, Norhafizah Abdullah, Dayang Radiah Awang BiakAbstract:Various pre-treatment techniques change the physical and chemical structure of the lignocellulosic biomass and improve Hydrolysis rates. The effect of ultrasonic pre-treatment on oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) fibre prior to Acid Hydrolysis has been evaluated. The main objective of this study was to determine if ultrasonic pre-treatment could function as a pre-treatment method for the Acid Hydrolysis of OPEFB fibre at a low temperature and pressure. Hydrolysis at a low temperature was studied using 2% sulphuric Acid; 1:25 solid liquid ratio and 100 °C operating temperature. A maximum xylose yield of 58% was achieved when the OPEFB fibre was ultrasonicated at 90% amplitude for 45 min. In the absence of ultrasonic pre-treatment only 22% of xylose was obtained. However, no substantial increase of xylose formation was observed for Acid Hydrolysis at higher temperatures of 120 and 140 °C on ultrasonicated OPEFB fibre. The samples were then analysed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to describe the morphological changes of the OPEFB fibre. The SEM observations show interesting morphological changes within the OPEFB fibre for different Acid Hydrolysis conditions.
