The Experts below are selected from a list of 327 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Junqiang Lu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Intelligent Fault-Diagnosis System for Acoustic Logging Tool Based on Multi-Technology Fusion
Sensors, 2019Co-Authors: Xiaodong Ju, Junqiang Lu, Jing ZhouAbstract:To improve the performance of Acoustic Logging tool in detecting three-dimensional formation, larger and more complicated transducer arrays have been used, which will greatly increase the difficulty of fault diagnosis during tool assembly and maintenance. As a result, traditional passive diagnostic methods become inefficient, and very skilled assemblers and maintainers are required. In this study, fault-diagnosis requirement for the Acoustic Logging tool at different levels has been analyzed from the perspective of the tool designer. An intelligent fault-diagnosis system consisting of a master-slave hardware architecture and a systemic diagnosis strategy was developed. The hardware system is based on the embedded technology, while the diagnosis strategy is built upon fault-tree analysis and data-driven methods. Diagnostic practice shows that this intelligent system can achieve four levels of fault diagnosis for the Acoustic Logging tool: System, subsystem, circuit board, and component. This study provided a more rigorous and professional fault diagnosis during tool assembly and maintenance. It is expected that this proposed method would be of great help in achieving cost reduction and improving work efficiency.
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design of Acoustic Logging signal source of imitation based on field programmable gate array
Journal of Geophysics and Engineering, 2014Co-Authors: Kunheng Zhang, X D Ju, Junqiang LuAbstract:An Acoustic Logging signal source of imitation is designed and realized, based on the Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), to improve the efficiency of examining and repairing Acoustic Logging tools during research and field application, and to inspect and verify Acoustic receiving circuits and corresponding algorithms. The design of this signal source contains hardware design and software design,and the hardware design uses an FPGA as the control core. Four signals are made first by reading the Random Access Memory (RAM) data which are inside the FPGA, then dealing with the data by digital to analog conversion, amplification, smoothing and so on. Software design uses VHDL, a kind of hardware description language, to program the FPGA. Experiments illustrate that the ratio of signal to noise for the signal source is high, the waveforms are stable, and also its functions of amplitude adjustment, frequency adjustment and delay adjustment are in accord with the characteristics of real Acoustic Logging waveforms. These adjustments can be used to imitate influences on sonic Logging received waveforms caused by many kinds of factors such as spacing and span of Acoustic tools, sonic speeds of different layers and fluids, and Acoustic attenuations of different cementation planes.
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azimuthally Acoustic Logging tool to evaluate cementing quality
Journal of Geophysics and Engineering, 2014Co-Authors: Junqiang Lu, Xiaodong Ju, Wen-xiao Qiao, Rui-jia Wang, Jinping WuAbstract:An azimuthally sensitive Acoustic bond tool (AABT) uses a phased arc array transmitter that can provide directionally focused radiation. The Acoustic sonde consists of a phased arc array transmitter and two monopole receivers, the spaces from the transmitter being 0.91 m and 1.52 m, respectively. The transmitter includes eight transducer sub-units. By controlling the high-voltage firing signal phase for each transmitter, the radiation energy of the phased arc array transducer can be focused in a single direction. Compared with conventional monopole and dipole transmitters, the new transmitter provides cement quality evaluation with azimuthal sensitivity, which is not possible with conventional cement bond log/variable density log tools. Laboratory measurements indicate that the directivity curves for the phased arc array and those computed theoretically are consistent and show good agreement. We acquire measurements from a laboratory cistern and from the field to validate the reliability and applicability of the AABT. Results indicate that the AABT accurately evaluates the azimuthal cement quality of case-cement interfaces by imaging the amplitude of the first-arrival wave. This tool visualizes the size, position and orientation of channeling and holes. In the case of good case-cement bonding, the AABT also evaluates the azimuthal cementing quality of the cement formation interface by imaging the amplitude of formation waves.
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A board level test system for the multi-pole array Acoustic Logging tool
2014 7th International Congress on Image and Signal Processing, 2014Co-Authors: Junqiang Lu, Xiaodong Ju, Kai ZhangAbstract:To improve examining and repairing efficiency of Acoustic Multi-Pole Logging Tool (MPAL) in the process of industrialization, a kind of board level test system is introduced to test the MPAL analog signal receiving and acquisition circuit and the transmitting control circuit. Also, the basic principles of analog signal's consistency test and the design of the test system interface circuit are introduced. Experimental results show that the board level test system can measure the performance and consistency of the analog signal receiving and acquisition circuit and the transmitting control circuit accurately. It has a guiding significance for the process of adjusting circuit parameters. In other words, it is a kind of effective monitoring equipment during the industrialization and debugging of Acoustic Logging tools.
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Design of test platform for receiver mandrel of Multi-pole array Acoustic Logging tool
2012 9th International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery, 2012Co-Authors: Junqiang Lu, Xiaodong JuAbstract:A kind of test platform applied to receiver mandrel of Multi-pole array Acoustic Logging tool (MPAL) was designed. According to the structure of receiver mandrel of MPAL specific testing requirements were put forward. In system design, master-slave system architecture is used; the host and front-computer interconnect via Ethernet. The front-computer is based on ARM7 technique. The major units of the test bench include control interface unit linking PC and embed controller (ARM control circuit), interface circuits linking embedded controller and measurement unit, command decoding logic, power supply, host computer software, lower computer software and etc. The special test circuit for receiver mandrel acts as interface circuits which link embedded controller and measurement unit, implements interface with the ARM board, generates serial commands, and processes 32-channel Acoustic signals. The uClinux embedded operating system was used in the design, and network applications that were based on the Socket were developed, which implemented the network connection between server (host computer) and client (front-end computer). Applications show that the test bench not only can be used to debug overall receiver mandrel, but also can be used to determine operational status and performance for each of the receiving transducers. The test bench provides an effective instrument in the production and adjustment of tools.
Xiu-ming Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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monopole collar wave characteristics for Acoustic Logging while drilling in fast formations in the frequency and spatial domains
Wave Motion, 2019Co-Authors: Yunjia Ji, Xiu-ming Wang, Xiao He, Hao Chen, Hailan ZhangAbstract:Abstract Collar waves generated by the presence of the massive steel collar can interfere with or even cover formation signals, which has been a challenge for designing Acoustic Logging while drilling (ALWD) tools. In order to seek the means for the suppression of collar waves, it is necessary to study their propagation characteristics. In this study, considering azimuthally symmetric modes only, we compare the radial distribution of the excitation intensity for the first-order collar mode (hereinafter referred to as the collar wave) with varying frequencies obtained by solving elastic wave equations. And the characteristics of the particle vibration trajectories contributed by the collar wave are investigated. It is found that the radial position corresponding to the excitation peak of the collar wave depends on frequencies. As the frequency increases, the peak gradually moves from the inner wall to the outer wall in the collar. According to this feature, it is concluded that interior grooves cut on the drill collar are more suitable for weakening the collar wave than exterior grooves with lower frequencies. On the contrary, in the high-frequency range, exterior grooves attenuate the collar wave more effectively. To confirm these conclusions, we design numerical models and validate the collar wave attenuation by finite difference time-domain simulations. Furthermore, by analyzing vibration properties of particles contributed by the collar wave with varying frequencies, we reveal that the polarization of collar wave motions at the low frequency is similar to that of the longitudinal wave, while at the high frequency it becomes the transverse-wave-like vibration. Inspired by the observation, it is proposed that the collar wave can be weakened by using a steel collar containing an interlayer whose material differ from that of the steel collar. Two layered models are designed and the synthetic waveforms are numerically simulated to examine the proposal. The comparison of wave amplitudes indicates that the collar with an axial interlayer attenuates more collar waves than the collar containing a radial interlayer in the low-frequency range, while in the higher frequency range, the radial layered structures are better for collar wave suppression. Finally, the feasibility analysis of ALWD in the high-frequency range is carried out. The analysis illustrates that when the source frequency is within 20–25 kHz, the excitation amplitude of the second-order collar mode is relatively weak and the first-order collar mode is mainly concentrated near the outer surface of the collar. Appropriate exterior grooves cut on the collar may lead to a clear arrival of formation signals.
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simulations of collar waves for Acoustic Logging while drilling in the frequency and the spatial domains
Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2019Co-Authors: Xiao He, Yunjia Ji, Hao Chen, Xiu-ming WangAbstract:Tool waves generated by the presence of the drill collar can cover the formation signals we need. The suppression for those collar waves has been a challenge for designing Acoustic Logging while drilling (ALWD) tools. To study the collar wave characteristics, we evaluate the excitation intensity of the modes with varying frequencies and positions by solving the elastic wave equations. Analysis results show that the collar wave energy concentrates in the cylindrical tool model. And the radial location of its peak gradually moves from the inner surface to the outer wall with the increasing frequency. The particle vibration trajectories contributed by the collar wave are also investigated. It is revealed that the collar mode in the lower frequency range has an approximately longitudinal polarization, while it tends to the transverse-wave-like motion at high frequencies. According to these features, we propose strategies on the tool structure designs to suppress the collar waves in the lower- and the higher- ...
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A New Design of Unipole Source For Azimuth Acoustic Logging While Drilling
2019 13th Symposium on Piezoelectrcity Acoustic Waves and Device Applications (SPAWDA), 2019Co-Authors: Jian-sheng Cong, Xiu-ming WangAbstract:A new model of unipole source with U shape was designed for azimuthal Acoustic Logging while drilling. The transmitter was simulated numerically by finite elements method. The model was established and multi-mode couplings were analyzed by eigenfrequency calculations. By harmonic response analysis, the admittance curves and transmitting voltage response curves were given with changing frequencies. In the frequency range of 2.5-25 kHz, the maximum value of transmitting voltage response is up to 156dB, and the -3 dB bandwidth is up to 9.5 kHz. This work provides a theoretical basis for unipole source design in azimuth Logging while drilling applications.
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Generalized collar waves in Acoustic Logging while drilling
Chinese Physics B, 2016Co-Authors: Xiu-ming Wang, Xiao He, Xiumei ZhangAbstract:Tool waves, also named collar waves, propagating along the drill collars in Acoustic Logging while drilling (ALWD), strongly interfere with the needed P- and S-waves of a penetrated formation, which is a key issue in picking up formation P- and S-wave velocities. Previous studies on physical insulation for the collar waves designed on the collar between the source and the receiver sections did not bring to a satisfactory solution. In this paper, we investigate the propagation features of collar waves in different models. It is confirmed that there exists an indirect collar wave in the synthetic full waves due to the coupling between the drill collar and the borehole, even there is a perfect isolator between the source and the receiver. The direct collar waves propagating all along the tool and the indirect ones produced by echoes from the borehole wall are summarized as the generalized collar waves. Further analyses show that the indirect collar waves could be relatively strong in the full wave data. This is why the collar waves cannot be eliminated with satisfactory effect in many cases by designing the physical isolators carved on the tool.
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optimization design for the sandwich piezoelectric transmitters in Acoustic Logging
Chinese Physics Letters, 2016Co-Authors: Xiu-ming Wang, Jian-sheng CongAbstract:An optimized transducer prototype with a sandwich structure vibrated longitudinally is proposed for a transmitter in Acoustic Logging, especially in Acoustic Logging while drilling, by taking account of drilling environments with high temperature and pressure, as well as strong collar drilling vibration during the drilling process. Aimed to improve the transmitting performance, numerical and experimental studies for the transducer optimization are conducted. The impact of location and length of the piezoelectric stack on resonance characteristics and effective electromechanical coupling coefficient is calculated and analyzed. Admittance and transmitting performance of the proposed transducer are measured in laboratory experiments, and the results are compared with simulated ones. It is shown that the newly proposed transducer has higher transmitting performance with lower resonance frequencies. This work provides theoretical and experimental bases for transducer designing and Acoustic wave measurements in Acoustic Logging, especially in Acoustic Logging while drilling.
Xiaodong Ju - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Intelligent Fault-Diagnosis System for Acoustic Logging Tool Based on Multi-Technology Fusion
Sensors, 2019Co-Authors: Xiaodong Ju, Junqiang Lu, Jing ZhouAbstract:To improve the performance of Acoustic Logging tool in detecting three-dimensional formation, larger and more complicated transducer arrays have been used, which will greatly increase the difficulty of fault diagnosis during tool assembly and maintenance. As a result, traditional passive diagnostic methods become inefficient, and very skilled assemblers and maintainers are required. In this study, fault-diagnosis requirement for the Acoustic Logging tool at different levels has been analyzed from the perspective of the tool designer. An intelligent fault-diagnosis system consisting of a master-slave hardware architecture and a systemic diagnosis strategy was developed. The hardware system is based on the embedded technology, while the diagnosis strategy is built upon fault-tree analysis and data-driven methods. Diagnostic practice shows that this intelligent system can achieve four levels of fault diagnosis for the Acoustic Logging tool: System, subsystem, circuit board, and component. This study provided a more rigorous and professional fault diagnosis during tool assembly and maintenance. It is expected that this proposed method would be of great help in achieving cost reduction and improving work efficiency.
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azimuthally Acoustic Logging tool to evaluate cementing quality
Journal of Geophysics and Engineering, 2014Co-Authors: Junqiang Lu, Xiaodong Ju, Wen-xiao Qiao, Rui-jia Wang, Jinping WuAbstract:An azimuthally sensitive Acoustic bond tool (AABT) uses a phased arc array transmitter that can provide directionally focused radiation. The Acoustic sonde consists of a phased arc array transmitter and two monopole receivers, the spaces from the transmitter being 0.91 m and 1.52 m, respectively. The transmitter includes eight transducer sub-units. By controlling the high-voltage firing signal phase for each transmitter, the radiation energy of the phased arc array transducer can be focused in a single direction. Compared with conventional monopole and dipole transmitters, the new transmitter provides cement quality evaluation with azimuthal sensitivity, which is not possible with conventional cement bond log/variable density log tools. Laboratory measurements indicate that the directivity curves for the phased arc array and those computed theoretically are consistent and show good agreement. We acquire measurements from a laboratory cistern and from the field to validate the reliability and applicability of the AABT. Results indicate that the AABT accurately evaluates the azimuthal cement quality of case-cement interfaces by imaging the amplitude of the first-arrival wave. This tool visualizes the size, position and orientation of channeling and holes. In the case of good case-cement bonding, the AABT also evaluates the azimuthal cementing quality of the cement formation interface by imaging the amplitude of formation waves.
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A board level test system for the multi-pole array Acoustic Logging tool
2014 7th International Congress on Image and Signal Processing, 2014Co-Authors: Junqiang Lu, Xiaodong Ju, Kai ZhangAbstract:To improve examining and repairing efficiency of Acoustic Multi-Pole Logging Tool (MPAL) in the process of industrialization, a kind of board level test system is introduced to test the MPAL analog signal receiving and acquisition circuit and the transmitting control circuit. Also, the basic principles of analog signal's consistency test and the design of the test system interface circuit are introduced. Experimental results show that the board level test system can measure the performance and consistency of the analog signal receiving and acquisition circuit and the transmitting control circuit accurately. It has a guiding significance for the process of adjusting circuit parameters. In other words, it is a kind of effective monitoring equipment during the industrialization and debugging of Acoustic Logging tools.
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Design of test platform for receiver mandrel of Multi-pole array Acoustic Logging tool
2012 9th International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery, 2012Co-Authors: Junqiang Lu, Xiaodong JuAbstract:A kind of test platform applied to receiver mandrel of Multi-pole array Acoustic Logging tool (MPAL) was designed. According to the structure of receiver mandrel of MPAL specific testing requirements were put forward. In system design, master-slave system architecture is used; the host and front-computer interconnect via Ethernet. The front-computer is based on ARM7 technique. The major units of the test bench include control interface unit linking PC and embed controller (ARM control circuit), interface circuits linking embedded controller and measurement unit, command decoding logic, power supply, host computer software, lower computer software and etc. The special test circuit for receiver mandrel acts as interface circuits which link embedded controller and measurement unit, implements interface with the ARM board, generates serial commands, and processes 32-channel Acoustic signals. The uClinux embedded operating system was used in the design, and network applications that were based on the Socket were developed, which implemented the network connection between server (host computer) and client (front-end computer). Applications show that the test bench not only can be used to debug overall receiver mandrel, but also can be used to determine operational status and performance for each of the receiving transducers. The test bench provides an effective instrument in the production and adjustment of tools.
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Test method of phased arc array for azimuthally Acoustic Logging tool
2010 3rd International Congress on Image and Signal Processing, 2010Co-Authors: Junqiang Lu, Xiaodong Ju, Wen-xiao QiaoAbstract:Phased arc array transducers are key technologies of azimuthally Acoustic Logging tool. By controlling the high voltage fire signal phase of each unit of transmitters, radiation energy of phased arc array transducer can transmit to a single direction. Operational principle of phased arc array is analyzed, and experimental equipment used for physical simulation is put forward. Excitation source of phased arc array includes eight channels, which can realize scanning excitation in circumference. Excitation control logic, whose function includes coding of firing commands, selection of emission transducer, control of phased delay time and firing frequency, is completed by Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD). The results of theoretical arithmetic and experimental measurement have good consistency. The test indicates that the phased arc array has circumferential azimuth detection performance in a certain frequency range, and can be used in azimuthally Acoustic Logging tool.
Wen-xiao Qiao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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azimuthally Acoustic Logging tool to evaluate cementing quality
Journal of Geophysics and Engineering, 2014Co-Authors: Junqiang Lu, Xiaodong Ju, Wen-xiao Qiao, Rui-jia Wang, Jinping WuAbstract:An azimuthally sensitive Acoustic bond tool (AABT) uses a phased arc array transmitter that can provide directionally focused radiation. The Acoustic sonde consists of a phased arc array transmitter and two monopole receivers, the spaces from the transmitter being 0.91 m and 1.52 m, respectively. The transmitter includes eight transducer sub-units. By controlling the high-voltage firing signal phase for each transmitter, the radiation energy of the phased arc array transducer can be focused in a single direction. Compared with conventional monopole and dipole transmitters, the new transmitter provides cement quality evaluation with azimuthal sensitivity, which is not possible with conventional cement bond log/variable density log tools. Laboratory measurements indicate that the directivity curves for the phased arc array and those computed theoretically are consistent and show good agreement. We acquire measurements from a laboratory cistern and from the field to validate the reliability and applicability of the AABT. Results indicate that the AABT accurately evaluates the azimuthal cement quality of case-cement interfaces by imaging the amplitude of the first-arrival wave. This tool visualizes the size, position and orientation of channeling and holes. In the case of good case-cement bonding, the AABT also evaluates the azimuthal cementing quality of the cement formation interface by imaging the amplitude of formation waves.
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Test method of phased arc array for azimuthally Acoustic Logging tool
2010 3rd International Congress on Image and Signal Processing, 2010Co-Authors: Junqiang Lu, Xiaodong Ju, Wen-xiao QiaoAbstract:Phased arc array transducers are key technologies of azimuthally Acoustic Logging tool. By controlling the high voltage fire signal phase of each unit of transmitters, radiation energy of phased arc array transducer can transmit to a single direction. Operational principle of phased arc array is analyzed, and experimental equipment used for physical simulation is put forward. Excitation source of phased arc array includes eight channels, which can realize scanning excitation in circumference. Excitation control logic, whose function includes coding of firing commands, selection of emission transducer, control of phased delay time and firing frequency, is completed by Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD). The results of theoretical arithmetic and experimental measurement have good consistency. The test indicates that the phased arc array has circumferential azimuth detection performance in a certain frequency range, and can be used in azimuthally Acoustic Logging tool.
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MPAL Cross-Dipole Array Acoustic Logging Data Processing
2009 2nd International Congress on Image and Signal Processing, 2009Co-Authors: Wen-xiao Qiao, Rui-jia WangAbstract:Formation anisotropy evaluation is very important for complex reservoir in petroleum exploration. Cross-dipole array Acoustic well Logging technology breaks the restriction that shear waves could not be measured in soft formations. The cross-dipole Acoustic data can be used to study the formation anisotropy. This paper presents an example of cross-dipole application of multi-pole Acoustic Logging (MPAL) tool made in China. The four-component cross-dipole data is processed and analyzed. The output slowness of fast shear waves and slow shear waves, anisotropy, azimuth of fast shear waves and slow shear waves are used to evaluate the azimuthal anisotropy around borehole.
Lin Fa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of electric Acoustic and Acoustic electric conversions of transducers on Acoustic Logging signal
Chinese Science Bulletin, 2012Co-Authors: Lin Fa, Yong Tian, Meishan Zhao, Daqun DongAbstract:Based on an Acoustic Logging transmission network and the engineering pattern of a sliding wave in Acoustic Logging, analysis and calculations have been performed in a study of the effects of the electric-Acoustic and Acoustic-electric conversions of the transducers on the Acoustic Logging signal. The results show that Acoustic-electric conversion through the transducer can cause not only a serious disturbance in the signal amplitude, but also an apparent transmission delay. For engineering applications, the amplitude variation and transmission delay must be accounted for in a practical analysis of the Acoustic Logging signal in rocks. The results also show that with enhanced understanding and proper justification, the error caused by the Acoustic-electric conversion can be significantly reduced in evaluation of the cement bond quality of a cased well, and the accuracy of rock porosity calculated using the measured Acoustic velocity can be increased.
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Effects of Geometrical-Size of Cylindrical-Shell Transducer on Acoustic-Beam Steering Efficiency for a Slim-Hole Acoustic-Logging Tool
The Open Acoustics Journal, 2010Co-Authors: Lin Fa, Zhengwen Zeng, Chuanbao Deng, Meishan ZhaoAbstract:The slim-hole Acoustic-Logging tool is often used for measurement while drilling and horizontal well Logging. The source and receiver are generally thin cylindrical-shell piezoelectric transducers. The radius of the drilling-collar limits the size of the cylindrical-shell transducer in the Logging tool. The smaller the radiation area of the transducer, the smaller the radiated Acoustic energy, and the smaller its radius, the higher the frequency of the radiated Acoustic signals. Besides, the attenuation for higher frequency wave propagating in the medium is higher. Due to these reasons the amplitude of the measured Acoustic signal by using the slim-hole Logging tool is usually much smaller than that by using the conventional Logging tool. Therefore, the Acoustic-beam steering technology is important for enlarging the amplitude of the received Acoustic signal during Logging with a slim-hole Logging tool. The geometrical-size of the cylindrical-shell transducer influences the Acoustic-beam steering efficiency of the Logging tool with a line-array source and a receiver. In this paper, in the frame work of the Acoustic-Logging transmission network model with the concept of directivity-weighted coefficient, we have carried out the calculation and analysis of the effects of geometrical-size of the transducer on the Acoustic-beam steering efficiency of the slim-hole Acoustic-Logging tool with a line-array source and a receiver. The calculated results are useful for optimizing the design of the slim-hole Acoustic-Logging tool with a line-array source and a receiver.
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An Acoustic-Logging transmission-network model (continued): addition and multiplication ALTNs.
Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2003Co-Authors: Lin Fa, John P. Castagna, Roberto Suarez-riveraAbstract:On the basis of the Acoustic-Logging transmission-network (ALTN) model [Fa et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 111(5), 2158–2165 (2002)] this paper puts forward concepts of addition and multiplication ALTNs, proves the reciprocity of two kinds of addition ALTNs, sets up the physical model of the multiplication Acoustic array Logging tool, calculates their Acoustic-beam steering efficiencies, and performs experimental verification.
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An Acoustic-Logging transmission-network model
Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2002Co-Authors: Lin Fa, John P. Castagna, Jens M. Hovem, Daqun DongAbstract:The Acoustic Logging process can be described as a signal transmission system with a corresponding transmission network model. This model gives the relations between driving-voltage signal, the electrical-Acoustic conversion at the source, Acoustic properties of the propagation media (borehole fluid and formation around borehole), the pressure response in the borehole, the Acoustic-electrical conversion at the receiver and recorded Logging signal.
