Adequate Food Supply

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Tiegang Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Hydrologic Simulation of a Winter Wheat–Summer Maize Cropping System in an Irrigation District of the Lower Yellow River Basin, China
    Water, 2017
    Co-Authors: Lei Liu, Yi Luo, Tiegang Liu
    Abstract:

    Conflicts between water Supply and water demand are intensifying in irrigation districts along the Lower Yellow River due to climate change and human activities. To ensure both Adequate Food Supply and water resource sustainability in China, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used to simulate the water balance and water use of agro-ecosystems in an irrigation district of the lower Yellow River Basin, China. Simulated average annual irrigation requirements decreased from 1969 to 2010. Irrigation requirements during the winter wheat season decreased owing to reduced reference evapotranspiration and increased precipitation. Annual evapotranspiration (ET) increased with increasing irrigation volume, and differences among irrigation scenarios were mainly due to ET of winter wheat. Water deficit typically occurred during winter wheat seasons with less precipitation. Field seepage and surface runoff tended to occur in years with high precipitation, particularly during the summer maize season under full irrigation and scheduled irrigation scenarios. Frequent and heavy irrigation did not always lead to high water use efficiency. To cope with limited water resources in this region, it is necessary to properly irrigate crops based on soil water content and take full advantage of precipitation and surface runoff during the summer maize season.

Lei Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Hydrologic Simulation of a Winter Wheat–Summer Maize Cropping System in an Irrigation District of the Lower Yellow River Basin, China
    Water, 2017
    Co-Authors: Lei Liu, Yi Luo, Tiegang Liu
    Abstract:

    Conflicts between water Supply and water demand are intensifying in irrigation districts along the Lower Yellow River due to climate change and human activities. To ensure both Adequate Food Supply and water resource sustainability in China, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used to simulate the water balance and water use of agro-ecosystems in an irrigation district of the lower Yellow River Basin, China. Simulated average annual irrigation requirements decreased from 1969 to 2010. Irrigation requirements during the winter wheat season decreased owing to reduced reference evapotranspiration and increased precipitation. Annual evapotranspiration (ET) increased with increasing irrigation volume, and differences among irrigation scenarios were mainly due to ET of winter wheat. Water deficit typically occurred during winter wheat seasons with less precipitation. Field seepage and surface runoff tended to occur in years with high precipitation, particularly during the summer maize season under full irrigation and scheduled irrigation scenarios. Frequent and heavy irrigation did not always lead to high water use efficiency. To cope with limited water resources in this region, it is necessary to properly irrigate crops based on soil water content and take full advantage of precipitation and surface runoff during the summer maize season.

Yi Luo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Hydrologic Simulation of a Winter Wheat–Summer Maize Cropping System in an Irrigation District of the Lower Yellow River Basin, China
    Water, 2017
    Co-Authors: Lei Liu, Yi Luo, Tiegang Liu
    Abstract:

    Conflicts between water Supply and water demand are intensifying in irrigation districts along the Lower Yellow River due to climate change and human activities. To ensure both Adequate Food Supply and water resource sustainability in China, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used to simulate the water balance and water use of agro-ecosystems in an irrigation district of the lower Yellow River Basin, China. Simulated average annual irrigation requirements decreased from 1969 to 2010. Irrigation requirements during the winter wheat season decreased owing to reduced reference evapotranspiration and increased precipitation. Annual evapotranspiration (ET) increased with increasing irrigation volume, and differences among irrigation scenarios were mainly due to ET of winter wheat. Water deficit typically occurred during winter wheat seasons with less precipitation. Field seepage and surface runoff tended to occur in years with high precipitation, particularly during the summer maize season under full irrigation and scheduled irrigation scenarios. Frequent and heavy irrigation did not always lead to high water use efficiency. To cope with limited water resources in this region, it is necessary to properly irrigate crops based on soil water content and take full advantage of precipitation and surface runoff during the summer maize season.

Omar Masera - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Sustainable rural development in Latin America: building from the bottom-up
    Ecological Economics, 1993
    Co-Authors: Miguel A. Altieri, Omar Masera
    Abstract:

    Abstract Conventional “top-down” development strategies have proved fundamentally limited in their ability to promote equitable and environmentally sustainable development in Latin America. Poverty, unhealthy living conditions and environmental degradation continue to be widespread problems within the region. This paper argues for an urgent and comprehensive reframing of rural development strategies in Latin America. Immediate priorities include the empowerment of local communities, poverty reduction, natural resource conservation, securing an Adequate Food Supply and promoting Food self-sufficiency. The paper begins reviewing the main features of Latin America's resource endowments and current ecological problems, as well as the interlinkages between the dominant economic strategies of the region and environmental problems. The challenges for sustainable rural development in Latin America given the current changes in macro- and micro-economic conditions are subsequently discussed. promising local experiences in the rural sector are described and new directions and indicators for integrated technology evaluation procedures that incorporate sustainability concerns proposed.

Julie M. Old - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The diet of red-tailed phascogales in a trial translocation at Alice Springs Desert Park, Northern Territory, Australia
    Journal of Zoology, 2010
    Co-Authors: Hayley J. Stannard, Wes Caton, Julie M. Old
    Abstract:

    Red-tailed phascogales Phascogales calura are near-threatened (Friend, 2008) arboreal Dasyurids. A breeding programme was established at Alice Springs Desert Park in 2001 to aid species recovery. Twenty-five captive-bred phascogales were released into a suitable habitat at the park in 2006. If shown to be successful, the initial release was to be expanded with the release of further captive-bred phascogales into a suitable habitat in the nearby National Park and into South Australia. In this study, a dietary analysis was conducted to determine the preferred diet of the translocated phascogales in the park environment. Scats were collected during July–October, 2006 and January–March, 2007 from nesting sites within the park. Faecal samples were weighed, soaked in hot water and particles were separated through sieves before examination under a microscope. Scat analysis methods identified that red-tailed phascogales were primarily insectivorous with 92.6% of all scats containing arthropods. They are also opportunistic predators within the park, consuming birds (51.6%), small mammals (33.3%) and on occasion reptiles, and plant material (27.4%). Seasonal comparison of data through SIMPER analyses showed there was significant variation (P=0.009) between spring and summer, due to a large portion of birds present in the diet in spring. The red-tailed phascogale is able to exploit a number of prey types and it is therefore likely that they would survive a ‘hard’ translocation into the wild provided the site chosen has Adequate Food Supply.