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Adiabatic Saturation Temperature
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David C. Shallcross – One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Psychrometric charts for water vapour in natural gas
Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2008Co-Authors: David C. ShallcrossAbstract:Psychrometric charts present in a graphical form physical property data for gas systems involving one or more non-condensing gas components and a single condensing vapour component. Originally limited to studying the humid air system of water vapour in dry air, the theory behind preparing psychrometric charts for water vapour in natural gas is presented. To illustrate the technique two charts are prepared for a system in which the natural gas is 80.0 mol% methane, 15.0 mol% ethane and 5.0 mol% propane. One chart is prepared for the Temperature range of 0 to 60 °C at a system pressure of 101.3 kPa and the other chart for the range of 40 to 110 °C at a system pressure of 400.0 kPa. The charts are based upon semi-theoretical equations and make use of published physical property data and correlations. The behaviour of the gas mixture is characterized by the virial equation of state truncated at the third term. The charts are constructed with the dry bulb Temperature and absolute humidity scales as the orthogonal axes. Curves of constant Adiabatic Saturation Temperature, constant relative humidity, constant gas specific volume and constant enthalpy deviation are plotted on the charts. Using the theory presented psychrometric charts for any Temperature range, system pressure and natural gas composition may be prepared.
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Preparation of psychrometric charts for water vapour in Martian atmosphere
International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2005Co-Authors: David C. ShallcrossAbstract:Psychrometric charts for condensing water vapour in Martian atmosphere at four different pressures are presented. The charts are based upon semi-theoretical equations and make use of published physical property data and correlations. The behaviour of the vapour phase is characterised by the Virial Equation of State truncated at the third term. The solubility of gas in water is also considered. The charts are constructed with the dry bulb Temperature and absolute humidity scales as the orthogonal axes. Curves of constant Adiabatic Saturation Temperature, constant relative humidity, constant gas specific volume and constant enthalpy deviation are plotted on the charts.
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Psychrometric charts for organic vapours 1. Ketones in air
International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 2005Co-Authors: David C. ShallcrossAbstract:Abstract Psychrometric charts for five different condensing ketone vapours in air at 100 kPa are pressures are presented. The charts are based upon semi-theoretical equations and make use of published physical property data and correlations. The behaviour of the vapour phase is characterised by the virial equation of state truncated at the third term. The solubility of gas in the liquid ketones is also considered. The charts are constructed with the dry bulb Temperature and absolute humidity scales as the orthogonal axes. Curves of constant Adiabatic Saturation Temperature, constant relative humidity, constant gas specific volume and constant enthalpy deviation are plotted on the charts.
Pedro Ollero – One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Flue-gas desulfurization in an advanced in-duct desulfurization process: An empirical model from an experimental pilot-plant study
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2003Co-Authors: F.j. Gutiérrez Ortiz, Pedro OlleroAbstract:The in-duct sorbent injection desulfurization process is of great interest in regards to power plant retrofitting because of the small amount of capital required and the moderate operating costs involved. However, it is handicapped by its low sulfur removal capacity. Nevertheless, there are some technical options for improving the desulfurization efficiency without significantly increasing the process costs. An extensive experimental program has been performed in a 3-MWe equivalent pilot plant to assess the effects of the main operating variables (the Ca/S ratio, the approach to the Adiabatic Saturation Temperature, and the recirculation ratio) on the sulfur removal efficiency, as well as the efficiency improvements that can be achieved using activation of the recirculated sorbent and precollection of fly ash and seawater for flue gas humidification. The experimental results show that the inlet SO2 concentration and the gas residence time have a negligible effect on the desulfurization efficiency. On the …
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A pilot plant technical assessment of an advanced in-duct desulphurisation process.
Journal of hazardous materials, 2001Co-Authors: F.j. Gutiérrez Ortiz, Pedro OlleroAbstract:Abstract In-duct sorbent injection (DSI) is a well-known, low-cost desulphurisation technology handicapped by its moderate SO2 removal capacity. Fortunately, there are some technical options for increasing the desulphurisation efficiency without eliminating its inherent advantages. In this experimental study, several improvement design options like the recirculation of reactivated sorbent, the pre-collection of the fly ash and the use of seawater for humidification have been analysed using an extensive parametric testing programme. The effect of the main operating variables directly related to the desulphurisation efficiency has been also tested following a fractional factorial design. These variables were the Ca/S ratio, the approach to the Adiabatic Saturation Temperature and the recirculation ratio of the partially converted sorbent. Other important questions like the use of a high-BET-area lime and the impact of the DSI process on an ESP have been also included in this experimental assessment. More than 50 experimental tests were carried out in a 3-MWe equivalent pilot plant to assess the different improvement options for in-duct sorbent injection. The results of this study allow us to extract practical conclusions about the devices, equipment and operating conditions as a function of the target SO2 efficiency, and even enable us to provide an economic assessment. Using the proposed improvement options to process a flue gas with 400–1000 ppm of SO2 concentration, a 90% sulphur removal with a lime utilisation of 45% was achieved.
F.j. Gutiérrez Ortiz – One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Flue-gas desulfurization in an advanced in-duct desulfurization process: An empirical model from an experimental pilot-plant study
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2003Co-Authors: F.j. Gutiérrez Ortiz, Pedro OlleroAbstract:The in-duct sorbent injection desulfurization process is of great interest in regards to power plant retrofitting because of the small amount of capital required and the moderate operating costs involved. However, it is handicapped by its low sulfur removal capacity. Nevertheless, there are some technical options for improving the desulfurization efficiency without significantly increasing the process costs. An extensive experimental program has been performed in a 3-MWe equivalent pilot plant to assess the effects of the main operating variables (the Ca/S ratio, the approach to the Adiabatic Saturation Temperature, and the recirculation ratio) on the sulfur removal efficiency, as well as the efficiency improvements that can be achieved using activation of the recirculated sorbent and precollection of fly ash and seawater for flue gas humidification. The experimental results show that the inlet SO2 concentration and the gas residence time have a negligible effect on the desulfurization efficiency. On the …
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A pilot plant technical assessment of an advanced in-duct desulphurisation process.
Journal of hazardous materials, 2001Co-Authors: F.j. Gutiérrez Ortiz, Pedro OlleroAbstract:Abstract In-duct sorbent injection (DSI) is a well-known, low-cost desulphurisation technology handicapped by its moderate SO2 removal capacity. Fortunately, there are some technical options for increasing the desulphurisation efficiency without eliminating its inherent advantages. In this experimental study, several improvement design options like the recirculation of reactivated sorbent, the pre-collection of the fly ash and the use of seawater for humidification have been analysed using an extensive parametric testing programme. The effect of the main operating variables directly related to the desulphurisation efficiency has been also tested following a fractional factorial design. These variables were the Ca/S ratio, the approach to the Adiabatic Saturation Temperature and the recirculation ratio of the partially converted sorbent. Other important questions like the use of a high-BET-area lime and the impact of the DSI process on an ESP have been also included in this experimental assessment. More than 50 experimental tests were carried out in a 3-MWe equivalent pilot plant to assess the different improvement options for in-duct sorbent injection. The results of this study allow us to extract practical conclusions about the devices, equipment and operating conditions as a function of the target SO2 efficiency, and even enable us to provide an economic assessment. Using the proposed improvement options to process a flue gas with 400–1000 ppm of SO2 concentration, a 90% sulphur removal with a lime utilisation of 45% was achieved.