The Experts below are selected from a list of 30 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Gloster B. Aaron - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A comparative analysis of coordinated Neuronal activity in the thalamic ventrobasal complex of rats and cats
Brain Research, 1995Co-Authors: Kevin D. Alloway, M. J. Johnson, Gloster B. AaronAbstract:There are substantial differences in the incidence of inhibitory Neurons in the ventrobasal complex of rat and cat thalamus. This marked dissimilarity in Neuronal composition suggests that there should be corresponding differences in the orchestration of neural activity in these regions during cutaneous stimulation. To explore this possibility, we conducted a cross-correlation analysis of Neuronal activity in the ventroposterolateral (VPL) nucleus of anesthetized rats and cats. Pairs of Neurons representing hairy skin were recorded simultaneously with one or two electrodes during air jet stimulation of multiple sites throughout the receptive fields. Cross-correlation histograms indicated that correlated activity among Adjacent Neurons occurred in three distinct patterns. In one pattern, classified as narrow-unimodal, the discharge of one Neuron preceded a discharge in the partner Neuron over a narrow interval of time ( 5 ms). In rat VPL, two-thirds of the 58 Neuron pairs showing correlated responses were characterized by narrow-unimodal responses and nearly one-third of the Neuron pairs displayed narrow-bimodal patterns. Only one pair of rat VPL Neurons were characterized by a wide-unimodal pattern of coordination. By comparison, half of the 61 Adjacent Neuron pairs with coordinated responses in cat VPL were characterized by narrow-unimodal patterns. Slightly more than one-third of the correlated Neuron pairs had narrow-bimodal patterns, while the remainder (13%) were classified as wide-unimodal responses. Pairs of Neurons separated by 340-405 microns discharged synchronously in a pattern that was similar to the temporal relationship expressed in the narrow-bimodal patterns found among Adjacent Neurons. In both species, the wide-unimodal patterns had the strongest coordinated responses as measured by the correlation coefficient. Although inhibitory relationships did not appear in correlation histograms that had been corrected for stimulus coordination, cross-correlation analysis of the raw spike trains revealed brief (10-40 ms) periods of inhibition that were associated with cat VPL Neurons exhibiting wide-unimodal coordination patterns. In rat VPL, most inhibition involved longer (30-60 ms) periods of inhibitory oscillations appearing amidst a much larger rhythmic pattern. These results suggest that correlation patterns transpiring over narrow (< 5 ms) time intervals represent the coordination of activity among neighboring thalamocortical relay Neurons.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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A comparative analysis of coordinated Neuronal activity in the thalamic ventrobasal complex of rats and cats.
Brain research, 1995Co-Authors: Kevin D. Alloway, M. J. Johnson, Gloster B. AaronAbstract:There are substantial differences in the incidence of inhibitory Neurons in the ventrobasal complex of rat and cat thalamus. This marked dissimilarity in Neuronal composition suggests that there should be corresponding differences in the orchestration of neural activity in these regions during cutaneous stimulation. To explore this possibility, we conducted a cross-correlation analysis of Neuronal activity in the ventroposterolateral (VPL) nucleus of anesthetized rats and cats. Pairs of Neurons representing hairy skin were recorded simultaneously with one or two electrodes during air jet stimulation of multiple sites throughout the receptive fields. Cross-correlation histograms indicated that correlated activity among Adjacent Neurons occurred in three distinct patterns. In one pattern, classified as narrow-unimodal, the discharge of one Neuron preceded a discharge in the partner Neuron over a narrow interval of time (< 5 ms). Narrow-bimodal patterns were characterized by responses in which the temporal order of discharges from the two Neurons was variable, but the interspike intervals were always < 5 ms. In wide-unimodal patterns, the discharge of one Neuron was correlated with subsequent discharges in the partner Neuron over a wide interval of time (> 5 ms). In rat VPL, two-thirds of the 58 Neuron pairs showing correlated responses were characterized by narrow-unimodal responses and nearly one-third of the Neuron pairs displayed narrow-bimodal patterns. Only one pair of rat VPL Neurons were characterized by a wide-unimodal pattern of coordination. By comparison, half of the 61 Adjacent Neuron pairs with coordinated responses in cat VPL were characterized by narrow-unimodal patterns. Slightly more than one-third of the correlated Neuron pairs had narrow-bimodal patterns, while the remainder (13%) were classified as wide-unimodal responses. Pairs of Neurons separated by 340-405 microns discharged synchronously in a pattern that was similar to the temporal relationship expressed in the narrow-bimodal patterns found among Adjacent Neurons. In both species, the wide-unimodal patterns had the strongest coordinated responses as measured by the correlation coefficient. Although inhibitory relationships did not appear in correlation histograms that had been corrected for stimulus coordination, cross-correlation analysis of the raw spike trains revealed brief (10-40 ms) periods of inhibition that were associated with cat VPL Neurons exhibiting wide-unimodal coordination patterns. In rat VPL, most inhibition involved longer (30-60 ms) periods of inhibitory oscillations appearing amidst a much larger rhythmic pattern. These results suggest that correlation patterns transpiring over narrow (< 5 ms) time intervals represent the coordination of activity among neighboring thalamocortical relay Neurons.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Kevin D. Alloway - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A comparative analysis of coordinated Neuronal activity in the thalamic ventrobasal complex of rats and cats
Brain Research, 1995Co-Authors: Kevin D. Alloway, M. J. Johnson, Gloster B. AaronAbstract:There are substantial differences in the incidence of inhibitory Neurons in the ventrobasal complex of rat and cat thalamus. This marked dissimilarity in Neuronal composition suggests that there should be corresponding differences in the orchestration of neural activity in these regions during cutaneous stimulation. To explore this possibility, we conducted a cross-correlation analysis of Neuronal activity in the ventroposterolateral (VPL) nucleus of anesthetized rats and cats. Pairs of Neurons representing hairy skin were recorded simultaneously with one or two electrodes during air jet stimulation of multiple sites throughout the receptive fields. Cross-correlation histograms indicated that correlated activity among Adjacent Neurons occurred in three distinct patterns. In one pattern, classified as narrow-unimodal, the discharge of one Neuron preceded a discharge in the partner Neuron over a narrow interval of time ( 5 ms). In rat VPL, two-thirds of the 58 Neuron pairs showing correlated responses were characterized by narrow-unimodal responses and nearly one-third of the Neuron pairs displayed narrow-bimodal patterns. Only one pair of rat VPL Neurons were characterized by a wide-unimodal pattern of coordination. By comparison, half of the 61 Adjacent Neuron pairs with coordinated responses in cat VPL were characterized by narrow-unimodal patterns. Slightly more than one-third of the correlated Neuron pairs had narrow-bimodal patterns, while the remainder (13%) were classified as wide-unimodal responses. Pairs of Neurons separated by 340-405 microns discharged synchronously in a pattern that was similar to the temporal relationship expressed in the narrow-bimodal patterns found among Adjacent Neurons. In both species, the wide-unimodal patterns had the strongest coordinated responses as measured by the correlation coefficient. Although inhibitory relationships did not appear in correlation histograms that had been corrected for stimulus coordination, cross-correlation analysis of the raw spike trains revealed brief (10-40 ms) periods of inhibition that were associated with cat VPL Neurons exhibiting wide-unimodal coordination patterns. In rat VPL, most inhibition involved longer (30-60 ms) periods of inhibitory oscillations appearing amidst a much larger rhythmic pattern. These results suggest that correlation patterns transpiring over narrow (< 5 ms) time intervals represent the coordination of activity among neighboring thalamocortical relay Neurons.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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A comparative analysis of coordinated Neuronal activity in the thalamic ventrobasal complex of rats and cats.
Brain research, 1995Co-Authors: Kevin D. Alloway, M. J. Johnson, Gloster B. AaronAbstract:There are substantial differences in the incidence of inhibitory Neurons in the ventrobasal complex of rat and cat thalamus. This marked dissimilarity in Neuronal composition suggests that there should be corresponding differences in the orchestration of neural activity in these regions during cutaneous stimulation. To explore this possibility, we conducted a cross-correlation analysis of Neuronal activity in the ventroposterolateral (VPL) nucleus of anesthetized rats and cats. Pairs of Neurons representing hairy skin were recorded simultaneously with one or two electrodes during air jet stimulation of multiple sites throughout the receptive fields. Cross-correlation histograms indicated that correlated activity among Adjacent Neurons occurred in three distinct patterns. In one pattern, classified as narrow-unimodal, the discharge of one Neuron preceded a discharge in the partner Neuron over a narrow interval of time (< 5 ms). Narrow-bimodal patterns were characterized by responses in which the temporal order of discharges from the two Neurons was variable, but the interspike intervals were always < 5 ms. In wide-unimodal patterns, the discharge of one Neuron was correlated with subsequent discharges in the partner Neuron over a wide interval of time (> 5 ms). In rat VPL, two-thirds of the 58 Neuron pairs showing correlated responses were characterized by narrow-unimodal responses and nearly one-third of the Neuron pairs displayed narrow-bimodal patterns. Only one pair of rat VPL Neurons were characterized by a wide-unimodal pattern of coordination. By comparison, half of the 61 Adjacent Neuron pairs with coordinated responses in cat VPL were characterized by narrow-unimodal patterns. Slightly more than one-third of the correlated Neuron pairs had narrow-bimodal patterns, while the remainder (13%) were classified as wide-unimodal responses. Pairs of Neurons separated by 340-405 microns discharged synchronously in a pattern that was similar to the temporal relationship expressed in the narrow-bimodal patterns found among Adjacent Neurons. In both species, the wide-unimodal patterns had the strongest coordinated responses as measured by the correlation coefficient. Although inhibitory relationships did not appear in correlation histograms that had been corrected for stimulus coordination, cross-correlation analysis of the raw spike trains revealed brief (10-40 ms) periods of inhibition that were associated with cat VPL Neurons exhibiting wide-unimodal coordination patterns. In rat VPL, most inhibition involved longer (30-60 ms) periods of inhibitory oscillations appearing amidst a much larger rhythmic pattern. These results suggest that correlation patterns transpiring over narrow (< 5 ms) time intervals represent the coordination of activity among neighboring thalamocortical relay Neurons.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
M. J. Johnson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A comparative analysis of coordinated Neuronal activity in the thalamic ventrobasal complex of rats and cats
Brain Research, 1995Co-Authors: Kevin D. Alloway, M. J. Johnson, Gloster B. AaronAbstract:There are substantial differences in the incidence of inhibitory Neurons in the ventrobasal complex of rat and cat thalamus. This marked dissimilarity in Neuronal composition suggests that there should be corresponding differences in the orchestration of neural activity in these regions during cutaneous stimulation. To explore this possibility, we conducted a cross-correlation analysis of Neuronal activity in the ventroposterolateral (VPL) nucleus of anesthetized rats and cats. Pairs of Neurons representing hairy skin were recorded simultaneously with one or two electrodes during air jet stimulation of multiple sites throughout the receptive fields. Cross-correlation histograms indicated that correlated activity among Adjacent Neurons occurred in three distinct patterns. In one pattern, classified as narrow-unimodal, the discharge of one Neuron preceded a discharge in the partner Neuron over a narrow interval of time ( 5 ms). In rat VPL, two-thirds of the 58 Neuron pairs showing correlated responses were characterized by narrow-unimodal responses and nearly one-third of the Neuron pairs displayed narrow-bimodal patterns. Only one pair of rat VPL Neurons were characterized by a wide-unimodal pattern of coordination. By comparison, half of the 61 Adjacent Neuron pairs with coordinated responses in cat VPL were characterized by narrow-unimodal patterns. Slightly more than one-third of the correlated Neuron pairs had narrow-bimodal patterns, while the remainder (13%) were classified as wide-unimodal responses. Pairs of Neurons separated by 340-405 microns discharged synchronously in a pattern that was similar to the temporal relationship expressed in the narrow-bimodal patterns found among Adjacent Neurons. In both species, the wide-unimodal patterns had the strongest coordinated responses as measured by the correlation coefficient. Although inhibitory relationships did not appear in correlation histograms that had been corrected for stimulus coordination, cross-correlation analysis of the raw spike trains revealed brief (10-40 ms) periods of inhibition that were associated with cat VPL Neurons exhibiting wide-unimodal coordination patterns. In rat VPL, most inhibition involved longer (30-60 ms) periods of inhibitory oscillations appearing amidst a much larger rhythmic pattern. These results suggest that correlation patterns transpiring over narrow (< 5 ms) time intervals represent the coordination of activity among neighboring thalamocortical relay Neurons.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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A comparative analysis of coordinated Neuronal activity in the thalamic ventrobasal complex of rats and cats.
Brain research, 1995Co-Authors: Kevin D. Alloway, M. J. Johnson, Gloster B. AaronAbstract:There are substantial differences in the incidence of inhibitory Neurons in the ventrobasal complex of rat and cat thalamus. This marked dissimilarity in Neuronal composition suggests that there should be corresponding differences in the orchestration of neural activity in these regions during cutaneous stimulation. To explore this possibility, we conducted a cross-correlation analysis of Neuronal activity in the ventroposterolateral (VPL) nucleus of anesthetized rats and cats. Pairs of Neurons representing hairy skin were recorded simultaneously with one or two electrodes during air jet stimulation of multiple sites throughout the receptive fields. Cross-correlation histograms indicated that correlated activity among Adjacent Neurons occurred in three distinct patterns. In one pattern, classified as narrow-unimodal, the discharge of one Neuron preceded a discharge in the partner Neuron over a narrow interval of time (< 5 ms). Narrow-bimodal patterns were characterized by responses in which the temporal order of discharges from the two Neurons was variable, but the interspike intervals were always < 5 ms. In wide-unimodal patterns, the discharge of one Neuron was correlated with subsequent discharges in the partner Neuron over a wide interval of time (> 5 ms). In rat VPL, two-thirds of the 58 Neuron pairs showing correlated responses were characterized by narrow-unimodal responses and nearly one-third of the Neuron pairs displayed narrow-bimodal patterns. Only one pair of rat VPL Neurons were characterized by a wide-unimodal pattern of coordination. By comparison, half of the 61 Adjacent Neuron pairs with coordinated responses in cat VPL were characterized by narrow-unimodal patterns. Slightly more than one-third of the correlated Neuron pairs had narrow-bimodal patterns, while the remainder (13%) were classified as wide-unimodal responses. Pairs of Neurons separated by 340-405 microns discharged synchronously in a pattern that was similar to the temporal relationship expressed in the narrow-bimodal patterns found among Adjacent Neurons. In both species, the wide-unimodal patterns had the strongest coordinated responses as measured by the correlation coefficient. Although inhibitory relationships did not appear in correlation histograms that had been corrected for stimulus coordination, cross-correlation analysis of the raw spike trains revealed brief (10-40 ms) periods of inhibition that were associated with cat VPL Neurons exhibiting wide-unimodal coordination patterns. In rat VPL, most inhibition involved longer (30-60 ms) periods of inhibitory oscillations appearing amidst a much larger rhythmic pattern. These results suggest that correlation patterns transpiring over narrow (< 5 ms) time intervals represent the coordination of activity among neighboring thalamocortical relay Neurons.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Merkler Doron - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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English below ----- Les lymphocytes T cytotoxiques du système immunitaire attaquent le Neurone en sécrétant une molécule appelée interféron gamma (IFn-y). IFN-y est détectée par le Neurone Adjacent à travers le récepteur correspondant. La protéine
2018Co-Authors: Merkler DoronAbstract:English below ----- Les lymphocytes T cytotoxiques du système immunitaire attaquent le Neurone en sécrétant une molécule appelée interféron gamma (IFn-y). IFN-y est détectée par le Neurone Adjacent à travers le récepteur correspondant. La protéine de signalisation STAT1 est activée dans ce Neurone, entraînant la production de la molécule CCL2 qui active et attire les phagocytes dits professionnels ("cellules mangeuses") à proximité. Les phagocytes recrutés endommagent ensuite les Neurones en s’attaquant à leurs connexions, les synapses. ----- Cytotoxic T lymphocytes ("T cells") of the immune system attack the Neuron by secreting a molecule called interferon gamma (IFN-y). IFN-y is sensed by the Adjacent Neuron through the corresponding receptor and as a result of that, the signaling protein STAT1 is activated in this Neuron. This leads to Neuronal secretion of the molecule CCL2 which activates and attracts so-called professional phagocytes („eating cells“) in the vicinity. Recruited phagocytes subsequently damage Neurons by engulfing their connection („synapses“)
T. Tsumoto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Hebbian induction of LTP in visual cortex: perforated patch-clamp study in cultured Neurons.
Journal of neurophysiology, 1995Co-Authors: Yo Otsu, Fumitaka Kimura, T. TsumotoAbstract:1. To see whether presynaptic activation paired with postsynaptic depolarization is necessary for the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) in visual cortex or whether an activation of postsynaptic receptors in conjunction with depolarization is sufficient, we carried out perforated patch-clamp recordings with nystatin from cultured cortical Neurons of rats. 2. Recorded Neurons were monosynaptically activated either by electrical stimulation of an Adjacent Neuron or by direct activation of glutamate on "hot spots" of dendrites through iontophoresis or pressure ejection. In experiments in which cultured Neurons were stained immunocytochemically with antibody against synaptophysin after electrophysiological recordings, hot spots were found to correspond to probable synaptic sites. 3. Excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) evoked by test stimulation applied to the Adjacent Neuron at 0.1 Hz were recorded at a holding potential of -60 or -70 mV for 5-10 min after an establishment of the whole cell recording configuration. Then, stimulation was paired with postsynaptic depolarization (0 mV for 200 ms) at 1 Hz for 30 or 60 s. LTP of EPSCs was induced in 7 of the 15 cells from which stable recordings were obtained for 18-30 min after pairing. 4. When postsynaptic depolarization was paired with direct glutamate application in the absence of presynaptic stimulation in 12 cells, only 1 showed LTP. Postsynaptic depolarization alone did not induce LTP in any of the six cells tested. Also, presynaptic stimulation alone did not induce LTP in any of the five cells tested. 5. These results suggest that the concurrent activation of presynaptic elements with postsynaptic depolarization is necessary for the induction of LTP in visual cortex.