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Martin Howard - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Prototypical and non-prototypical marking in the Advanced Learner’s aspectuo-temporal system
    Eurosla Yearbook, 2020
    Co-Authors: Martin Howard
    Abstract:

    This paper investigates the effect of verb semantics on the variable use of aspectuo-temporal morphology by the Advanced Learner of French. Using the Aspect Hypothesis as a heuristic to test the extent to which the Advanced Learner overrides the effect of verb semantics in aspectual contexts where the verb assumes a non-prototypical value, the study examines the interaction between lexical aspect and grammatical aspect in order to identify which factor exerts a stronger influence on the Learner’s aspectuo-temporal choice. Results suggest that lexical aspect continues to constrain the Advanced Learner’s aspectuo-temporal system, such that non-prototypical marking poses greater difficulty than prototypical marking.

  • the Advanced Learner s sociolinguistic profile on issues of individual differences second language exposure conditions and type of sociolinguistic variable
    The Modern Language Journal, 2012
    Co-Authors: Martin Howard
    Abstract:

    Situated within the recent new wave of second language acquisition studies investigating the acquisition of sociolinguistic variation, this article draws on a longitudinal database of Advanced French interlanguage to explore a number of issues that have not yet been extensively investigated. They concern the issue of individual variation in the use of sociolinguistic variables, the issue of the relationship between the use of different sociolinguistic variables within the individual Learner's sociolinguistic repertoire, and the issue of the long-term impact of naturalistic exposure on the instructed Learner's sociolinguistic development. Quantitative results provide a close-up picture of the Advanced Learner's sociolinguistic profile, the detail of which calls into question a number of previously accepted findings, such as the traditional ideas that classroom Learners make minimal use, if any, of informal sociolinguistic variants and that even with naturalistic exposure, they continue to underuse such variants relative to the native speaker. Our results demonstrate the value of focusing on the individual Learner, as opposed to the traditional approach of providing group results. Our findings further underline the need to compare use of different variable types by the individual Learner in order to illuminate how use of a specific variable relates to others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

  • the development of verb morphology in the Advanced Learner variety a longitudinal study of l2 french
    Chinese Journal of Applied Linguistics, 2012
    Co-Authors: Martin Howard
    Abstract:

    This article presents a longitudinal profile of the Advanced Learner’s use of verb morphology in L2 French, with the aim of tracking how such usage evolves within the Advanced Learner variety over a two-year period, as well as exploring how use of particular morphological forms relates to use of others. The forms are wide-ranging, and concern markers of past time, futurity, conditionality, reverse-order, as well as the subjunctive and 3rd person plural present tense irregular forms which are deemed to constitute “fragile zones” in the Advanced Learner variety. Results are presented in quantitative terms which allow frequently used forms to be identified against less frequent forms as the study progresses. The effect for naturalistic exposure through study abroad as opposed to regular classroom instruction is explored in terms of the effect of such differential exposure conditions on the emergence and use of the various forms concerned. Findings point to the complexity of morphological development in the Advanced Learner, whereby development is neither linear nor uniform across the morphological forms, while there is also considerable individual variation between Learners. Results are discussed in relation to the Advanced Learner’s acquisitional profile.

  • prototypical and non prototypical marking in the Advanced Learner s aspectuo temporal system
    Eurosla Yearbook, 2002
    Co-Authors: Martin Howard
    Abstract:

    This paper investigates the effect of verb semantics on the variable use of aspectuo-temporal morphology by the Advanced Learner of French. Using the Aspect Hypothesis as a heuristic to test the extent to which the Advanced Learner overrides the effect of verb semantics in aspectual contexts where the verb assumes a non-prototypical value, the study examines the interaction between lexical aspect and grammatical aspect in order to identify which factor exerts a stronger influence on the Learner’s aspectuo-temporal choice. Results suggest that lexical aspect continues to constrain the Advanced Learner’s aspectuo-temporal system, such that non-prototypical marking poses greater difficulty than prototypical marking.

Julia Herschensohn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

M Geetha - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Theory of Dystopia Unfolded - A Bird’s-eye View of Shirshendu Mukhopadhyay’s “The Insect”
    IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2020
    Co-Authors: M Geetha
    Abstract:

    Dystopia is a term which was used by John Stuart Mill in 1868 when he gave speech in the British House of Commons criticizing the government‟s Irish land policy. It is the opposite of the term „utopia‟ which was taken from Sir Thomas More‟s novel. While utopia is an imaginary place where everything is pleasant, dystopia is a place where everything is unpleasant. In literature the concept of dystopia is often used to depict a futuristic society which is in a degraded state. Dystopian literature warns the society about the consequences of degraded living. Oxford Advanced Learner‟s Dictionary defines the word „dystopia‟ as „an imaginary place or state in which everything is extremely bad or unpleasant.‟ Dystopia constantly explores the concept of technology going far beyond the control of human hold. Shirshendu Mukhopadhyay‟s The Insect is a short story translated from Bengali by Subrata Banerjee. The story revolves around the unimaginable future where every individual is robbed of their unique name and identity, given a mechanical life to be led as directed, and monitored constantly by an electronic insect. The story narrates the encounter between two characters Rikta and Jaba who succeed in breaking away from the monotonous dystopian life. This paper attempts to highlight the dystopian features in the short story. It also attempts to underscore the relative ideologies and hidden concepts in the story.

  • theory of dystopia unfolded a bird s eye view of shirshendu mukhopadhyay s the insect
    IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2014
    Co-Authors: M Geetha
    Abstract:

    Dystopia is a term which was used by John Stuart Mill in 1868 when he gave speech in the British House of Commons criticizing the government‟s Irish land policy. It is the opposite of the term „utopia‟ which was taken from Sir Thomas More‟s novel. While utopia is an imaginary place where everything is pleasant, dystopia is a place where everything is unpleasant. In literature the concept of dystopia is often used to depict a futuristic society which is in a degraded state. Dystopian literature warns the society about the consequences of degraded living. Oxford Advanced Learner‟s Dictionary defines the word „dystopia‟ as „an imaginary place or state in which everything is extremely bad or unpleasant.‟ Dystopia constantly explores the concept of technology going far beyond the control of human hold. Shirshendu Mukhopadhyay‟s The Insect is a short story translated from Bengali by Subrata Banerjee. The story revolves around the unimaginable future where every individual is robbed of their unique name and identity, given a mechanical life to be led as directed, and monitored constantly by an electronic insect. The story narrates the encounter between two characters Rikta and Jaba who succeed in breaking away from the monotonous dystopian life. This paper attempts to highlight the dystopian features in the short story. It also attempts to underscore the relative ideologies and hidden concepts in the story.

Albert Sydney Hornby - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Paul Lennon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Error Elimination and Error Fossilisation: A Study of an Advanced Learner in the L2 Community
    ITL – International Journal of Applied Linguistics, 1991
    Co-Authors: Paul Lennon
    Abstract:

    This paper reports a longitudinal study of an Advanced Learner over a six months' stay in England under conditions of initial exposure to the L2 community. Fifteen interviews of an unstructured nature were conducted over the period, and these serve as a data base. Performance was analysed in five areas where the subject made frequent error in order to assess to what extent errors were eliminated and to what extent there might be evidence for the onset of fossilisation. These five areas were: 1) adverb order with reference to "only" and "already" 2) "there is/there are" 3) "have got" 4) use and overuse of "always" 5) future time forms Analysis revealed that in the cases of 2), 3), 4), the subject's language is dynamic and moving towards native speaker norms. With reference to 1) there is no such evidence, but the data is scanty. For 5), not only do errors persist, which is in itself insufficient evidence of fossilisation, but there are various indicators that fossilisation may be setting in.

  • the Advanced Learner at large in the l2 community developments in spoken performance
    Iral-international Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching, 1990
    Co-Authors: Paul Lennon
    Abstract:

    L'A. evalue la performance en anglais oral (seconde langue) de 4 etudiantes allemandes, pendant leur premier sejour de six mois en Angleterre, en pretant une attention particuliere aux differences interindividuelles