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Aerodynamic Force

The Experts below are selected from a list of 8541 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

David Lentink – 1st expert on this subject based on the ideXlab platform

  • the Aerodynamic Force platform as an ergometer
    The Journal of Experimental Biology, 2020
    Co-Authors: Marc E Deetjen, Diana D Chin, David Lentink

    Abstract:

    Animal flight requires Aerodynamic power, which is challenging to determine accurately in vivo. Existing methods rely on approximate calculations based on wake flow field measurements, inverse dynamics approaches, or invasive muscle physiological recordings. In contrast, the external mechanical work required for terrestrial locomotion can be determined more directly by using a Force platform as an ergometer. Based on an extension of the recent invention of the Aerodynamic Force platform, we now present a more direct method to determine the in vivo Aerodynamic power by taking the dot product of the Aerodynamic Force vector on the wing with the representative wing velocity vector based on kinematics and morphology. We demonstrate this new method by studying a slowly flying dove, but it can be applied more generally across flying and swimming animals as well as animals that locomote over water surfaces. Finally, our mathematical framework also works for power analyses based on flow field measurements.

  • design and analysis of Aerodynamic Force platforms for free flight studies
    Bioinspiration & Biomimetics, 2017
    Co-Authors: Ben Hightower, Rivers Ingersoll, Andreas F. Haselsteiner, Diana D Chin, Carl Lawhon, David Lentink

    Abstract:

    : We describe and explain new advancements in the design of the Aerodynamic Force platform, a novel instrument that can directly measure the Aerodynamic Forces generated by freely flying animals and robots. Such in vivo recordings are essential to better understand the precise Aerodynamic function of flapping wings in nature, which can critically inform the design of new bioinspired robots. By designing the Aerodynamic Force platform to be stiff yet lightweight, the natural frequencies of all structural components can be made over five times greater than the frequencies of interest. The associated high-frequency noise can then be filtered out during post-processing to obtain accurate and precise Force recordings. We illustrate these abilities by measuring the Aerodynamic Forces generated by a freely flying bird. The design principles can also be translated to other fluid media. This offers an opportunity to perform high-throughput, real-time, non-intrusive, and in vivo comparative biomechanical measurements of Force generation by locomoting animals and robots. These recordings can include complex bimodal terrestrial, aquatic, and aerial behaviors, which will help advance the fields of experimental biology and bioinspired design.

  • In vivo recording of Aerodynamic Force with an Aerodynamic Force platform: From drones to birds
    Journal of the Royal Society Interface, 2015
    Co-Authors: David Lentink, Andreas F. Haselsteiner, Rivers Ingersoll

    Abstract:

    Flapping wings enable flying animals and biomimetic robots to generate elevated Aerodynamic Forces. Measurements that demonstrate this capability are based on experiments with tethered robots and animals, and indirect Force calculations based on measured kinematics or airflow during free flight. Remarkably, there exists no method to measure these Forces directly during free flight. Such in vivo recordings in freely behaving animals are essential to better understand the precise Aerodynamic function of their flapping wings, in particular during the downstroke versus upstroke. Here, we demonstrate a new Aerodynamic Force platform (AFP) for non-intrusive Aerodynamic Force measurement in freely flying animals and robots. The platform encloses the animal or object that generates fluid Force with a physical control surface, which mechanically integrates the net Aerodynamic Force that is transferred to the earth. Using a straightforward analytical solution of the Navier-Stokes equation, we verified that the method is accurate. We subsequently validated the method with a quadcopter that is suspended in the AFP and generates unsteady thrust profiles. These independent measurements confirm that the AFP is indeed accurate. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the AFP by studying Aerodynamic weight support of a freely flying bird in vivo. These measurements confirm earlier findings based on kinematics and flow measurements, which suggest that the avian downstroke, not the upstroke, is primarily responsible for body weight support during take-off and landing.

Rivers Ingersoll – 2nd expert on this subject based on the ideXlab platform

  • design and analysis of Aerodynamic Force platforms for free flight studies
    Bioinspiration & Biomimetics, 2017
    Co-Authors: Ben Hightower, Rivers Ingersoll, Andreas F. Haselsteiner, Diana D Chin, Carl Lawhon, David Lentink

    Abstract:

    : We describe and explain new advancements in the design of the Aerodynamic Force platform, a novel instrument that can directly measure the Aerodynamic Forces generated by freely flying animals and robots. Such in vivo recordings are essential to better understand the precise Aerodynamic function of flapping wings in nature, which can critically inform the design of new bioinspired robots. By designing the Aerodynamic Force platform to be stiff yet lightweight, the natural frequencies of all structural components can be made over five times greater than the frequencies of interest. The associated high-frequency noise can then be filtered out during post-processing to obtain accurate and precise Force recordings. We illustrate these abilities by measuring the Aerodynamic Forces generated by a freely flying bird. The design principles can also be translated to other fluid media. This offers an opportunity to perform high-throughput, real-time, non-intrusive, and in vivo comparative biomechanical measurements of Force generation by locomoting animals and robots. These recordings can include complex bimodal terrestrial, aquatic, and aerial behaviors, which will help advance the fields of experimental biology and bioinspired design.

  • In vivo recording of Aerodynamic Force with an Aerodynamic Force platform: From drones to birds
    Journal of the Royal Society Interface, 2015
    Co-Authors: David Lentink, Andreas F. Haselsteiner, Rivers Ingersoll

    Abstract:

    Flapping wings enable flying animals and biomimetic robots to generate elevated Aerodynamic Forces. Measurements that demonstrate this capability are based on experiments with tethered robots and animals, and indirect Force calculations based on measured kinematics or airflow during free flight. Remarkably, there exists no method to measure these Forces directly during free flight. Such in vivo recordings in freely behaving animals are essential to better understand the precise Aerodynamic function of their flapping wings, in particular during the downstroke versus upstroke. Here, we demonstrate a new Aerodynamic Force platform (AFP) for non-intrusive Aerodynamic Force measurement in freely flying animals and robots. The platform encloses the animal or object that generates fluid Force with a physical control surface, which mechanically integrates the net Aerodynamic Force that is transferred to the earth. Using a straightforward analytical solution of the Navier-Stokes equation, we verified that the method is accurate. We subsequently validated the method with a quadcopter that is suspended in the AFP and generates unsteady thrust profiles. These independent measurements confirm that the AFP is indeed accurate. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the AFP by studying Aerodynamic weight support of a freely flying bird in vivo. These measurements confirm earlier findings based on kinematics and flow measurements, which suggest that the avian downstroke, not the upstroke, is primarily responsible for body weight support during take-off and landing.

  • In vivo recording of Aerodynamic Force with an Aerodynamic Force platform
    arXiv: Fluid Dynamics, 2014
    Co-Authors: David Lentink, Andreas F. Haselsteiner, Rivers Ingersoll

    Abstract:

    Flapping wings enable flying animals and biomimetic robots to generate elevated Aerodynamic Forces. Measurements that demonstrate this capability are based on tethered experiments with robots and animals, and indirect Force calculations based on measured kinematics or airflow during free flight. Remarkably, there exists no method to measure these Forces directly during free flight. Such in vivo recordings in freely behaving animals are essential to better understand the precise Aerodynamic function of their flapping wings, in particular during the downstroke versus upstroke. Here we demonstrate a new Aerodynamic Force platform (AFP) for nonintrusive Aerodynamic Force measurement in freely flying animals and robots. The platform encloses the animal or object that generates fluid Force with a physical control surface, which mechanically integrates the net Aerodynamic Force that is transferred to the earth. Using a straightforward analytical solution of the Navier-Stokes equation, we verified that the method is accurate. We subsequently validated the method with a quadcopter that is suspended in the AFP and generates unsteady thrust profiles. These independent measurements confirm that the AFP is indeed accurate. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the AFP by studying Aerodynamic weight support of a freely flying bird in vivo, which demonstrates that its upstroke is inactive.

Renato Tognaccini – 3rd expert on this subject based on the ideXlab platform

  • Aerodynamic Force breakdown in reversible and irreversible components by vortex Force theory
    AIAA Journal, 2019
    Co-Authors: Lin L Kang, Renato Tognaccini, Lorenzo Russo, Jie Z Wu, Wei D Su

    Abstract:

    A recently proposed Aerodynamic Force theory of compressible high-Reynolds-number flows based on the concept of vortex Force is here analyzed. The Aerodynamic Force is obtained by means of volume a…

  • Aerodynamic Force and Lamb vector field in compressible unsteady flows
    2018 AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting, 2018
    Co-Authors: Mario Ostieri, Renato Tognaccini, Didier Bailly, Daniel Destarac

    Abstract:

    A vorticity based theory for the computation and analysis of the Aerodynamic Force in steady and unsteady compressible flows is presented. It is the extension of a recent decomposition developed for incompressible flows. The breakdown in reversible and irreversible contributions is presented and a comparison with an unsteady thermodynamic drag breakdown is discussed. In particular, two physically completely different flows are analyzed: a pitching airfoil in subsonic flows and an airfoil natural buffet. A sensitivity analysis of the vortical method on the total Force computation is presented. Then the breakdown results are compared and discussed.

  • linear and nonlinear decomposition of Aerodynamic Force acting on an oscillating plate
    AIAA Journal, 2017
    Co-Authors: Mario Ostieri, Benedetto Mele, Renato Tognaccini

    Abstract:

    An exact Lamb vector-based theory for the computation and decomposition of the Aerodynamic Force in unsteady viscous flows is presented and analyzed. This decomposition allows for a correct and str…