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James D Harris - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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phylogeny of north african Agama lizards reptilia agamidae and the role of the sahara desert in vertebrate speciation
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2012Co-Authors: Duarte V Goncalves, Jose Carlos Brito, Pierreandre Crochet, Philippe Geniez, Jose M Padial, James D HarrisAbstract:The origin of Saharan biodiversity is poorly understood, in part because the geological and paleoclimatic events that presumably shaped species diversity are still controversial, but also because few studies have explored causal explanations for the origin of Saharan diversity using a phylogenetic framework. Here, we use mtDNA (16S and ND4 genes) and nDNA (MC1R and CMOS genes) to infer the relationships and biogeographic history of North African Agamas (genus Agama). Agamas are conspicuous, diverse and abundant African lizards that also occur in the Saharan xeric and mesic environments. Our results revealed the presence of three Agama lineages in North Africa: one Afrotropical, one Sahelo-Saharan, and one broadly distributed in North Africa and mainly Saharan. Southern Mauritania contains the highest known diversity, with all three lineages present. Results suggest that Agamas colonized the Sahara twice, but only one lineage was able to radiate and diversify there. Species in the Saharan lineage are mostly allopatric, and their splitting, genetic diversity and distribution are greatly explained by mountain ranges. One species in this lineage has colonized the Mediterranean climatic zone (A. impalearis), and another one the Sahel savannah (A. boueti). The other lineage to colonize the Sahara corresponds to A. boulengeri, an eminently Sahelian species that also inhabits Saharan mountain ranges in Mauritania and Mali. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that allopatric montane populations within some currently recognized species are also genetically divergent. Our study therefore concludes that vicariant speciation is a leading motor of species diversification in the area: Inside the Sahara, associated to mountain-ranges isolated by dune seas and bare plains; outside, associated to less harsh climates to the North and South. Paleoclimatic oscillations are suggested as causal explanations of the vicariant distribution and origin of species. Agamas are thought to have colonized northern Africa during wet periods, with subsequent dry periods fragmenting species distribution and leading to allopatric populations associated to milder and wetter climates in the Mediterranean, Sahel, and in Saharan mountains, in an island-model fashion. Finally, our results support the synonymization of A. castroviejoi with A. boueti, the reciprocal monophyly of all other North African Agamas, and suggest one candidate species within A. boulengeri.
O.o. Ogunbanwo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Helminth parasites of the African lizard Agama Agama (Squamata: Agamidae), in Lagos, Nigeria
Revista De Biologia Tropical, 2007Co-Authors: G.o. Adeoye, O.o. OgunbanwoAbstract:Agama Agama, the agamid rainbow lizard, has been reported to serve as transport and reservoir host to several protozoan and helminth parasites. We randomly sampled 310 specimens between May and July, 2005, at Oyingbo, Lagos, Nigeria (6°34'60'' N-3°19'59'' E and 6°34'60'' N-3°19'59'' E).They harboured four species of nematodes: Strongyluris brevicaudata, Parapharyngodon awokoyai, Capillaria sp. and Oxyuris sp.; one of Cestoda, Oochoristica Agamae; one of Trematoda, Mesocoelium monas; and one of Pentastomida, Raillietiella sp. Strongyluris brevicaudata had the highest prevalence of infection (82.3 %), followed by P. awokoyai (74.5 %), Raillietiella (10.3 %), Capillaria sp. (8.4 %) and O. Agamae (7.4 %). M. monas and Oxyuris sp. had low prevalences: 1.61 % each. Raillietiella sp. and Capillaria sp. can cause localized inflammation and intestinal infections in humans. The prevalence of infection was higher in larger adult lizards. Prevalence in males was 97.6 % (94.1 % in females). In four of the helminth species, intensity of infection was higher in male lizards. Parasite intensity was highest in the rectum, followed by the intestine (p < 0.05). Infection intensity was, to a large extent, dependent on the type of parasite, and age of lizard. During May, P. awokoyai had its highest mean intensities and prevalence. The prevalence and mean intensity of helminthes varied with the month of collection (both p < 0.05). For the three months studied, prevalence and mean intensity of S. brevicaudata were highest in June (July for the other species).
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Helminth parasites of the African lizard Agama Agama (Squamata: Agamidae), in Lagos, Nigeria
Vicerractoría Investigación, 2007Co-Authors: G.o. Adeoye, O.o. OgunbanwoAbstract:Agama Agama, the agamid rainbow lizard, has been reported to serve as transport and reservoir host to several protozoan and helminth parasites. We randomly sampled 310 specimens between May and July, 2005, at Oyingbo, Lagos, Nigeria (6°34’60’’ N-3°19’59’’ E and 6°34’60’’ N-3°19’59’’ E).They harboured four species of nematodes: Strongyluris brevicaudata, Parapharyngodon awokoyai, Capillaria sp. and Oxyuris sp.; one of Cestoda, Oochoristica Agamae; one of Trematoda, Mesocoelium monas; and one of Pentastomida, Raillietiella sp. Strongyluris brevicaudata had the highest prevalence of infection (82.3 %), followed by P. awokoyai (74.5 %), Raillietiella (10.3 %), Capillaria sp. (8.4 %) and O. Agamae (7.4 %). M. monas and Oxyuris sp. had low prevalences: 1.61 % each. Raillietiella sp. and Capillaria sp. can cause localized inflammation and intestinal infections in humans. The prevalence of infection was higher in larger adult lizards. Prevalence in males was 97.6 % (94.1 % in females). in four of the helminth species, intensity of infection was higher in male lizards. Parasite intensity was highest in the rectum, followed by the intestine (p
Mahdalena - Rauda - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Pengaruh (Self Redness Direetif) Kemandirian Belajar terhadap Prestasi Belajar Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam Kelas VIII di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri 21 Pekanbaru.
2020Co-Authors: Mahdalena - RaudaAbstract:ABSTRAK Mahdalena Rauda (2019) : Pengaruh (Self Redness Direetif) Kemandirian Belajar terhadap Prestasi Belajar Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam Kelas VIII di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri 21 Pekanbaru. Penelitian terdiri dari dua variabel, yaitu Kemandirian Belajar sebagai variabel X (variabel bebas/ Independen) dan Prestasi Belajar Siswa variabel Y (variabel terikat/ dependen). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kemandirian belajar terhadap Prestasi Belajar Siswa pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam kelas VIII di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri 21 Pekanbaru, sedangkan objeknya Pengaruh Kemandirian Belajar terhadap Prestasi Belajar Siswa pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam kelas VIII di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri 21 Pekanbaru. Populasinya adalah siswa kelas VIII yang berjumlah 397 orang dn penulis mengambil rumus slovin sehingga diperoleh sampelsebanyak 60 orang siswa. Pengumpulan data diambil melalui angket dan dokumentasi data yang terkumpul penulis menggunakan rumus Produck Moment dengan bantuan perangkat komputer program SPSS For Windows Versi 17.0. Kemandirian belajar memberikan kontribusi yang signifikan terhadap Prestasi Belajar Siswa pada mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam. Berdasarkan perhitungan, diperoleh angka sebesar 82,69%. Berdasarkan perhitungan diperoleh angka koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,627 lebih besar dari r table baik pada taraf signifikan 5% (0,250) maupun pada taraf signifikan 1% (0,325). Dengan cara lain dapat ditulis dengan 0,2500,325. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat Pengaruh yang Signifikan (Self Redness Directif) Kemandirian Belajar terhadap Prestasi Belajar Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam kelas VIII di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri 21 Pekanbaru. Hal ini mengandung arti semakin tinggi Kemandirian belajar maka semakin tinggi Prestasi Belajar Siswa pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri 21 Pekanbaru. Kata Kunci : Pengaruh, Kemandirian, Belajar, Prestas
Jose Carlos Brito - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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phylogeny of north african Agama lizards reptilia agamidae and the role of the sahara desert in vertebrate speciation
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2012Co-Authors: Duarte V Goncalves, Jose Carlos Brito, Pierreandre Crochet, Philippe Geniez, Jose M Padial, James D HarrisAbstract:The origin of Saharan biodiversity is poorly understood, in part because the geological and paleoclimatic events that presumably shaped species diversity are still controversial, but also because few studies have explored causal explanations for the origin of Saharan diversity using a phylogenetic framework. Here, we use mtDNA (16S and ND4 genes) and nDNA (MC1R and CMOS genes) to infer the relationships and biogeographic history of North African Agamas (genus Agama). Agamas are conspicuous, diverse and abundant African lizards that also occur in the Saharan xeric and mesic environments. Our results revealed the presence of three Agama lineages in North Africa: one Afrotropical, one Sahelo-Saharan, and one broadly distributed in North Africa and mainly Saharan. Southern Mauritania contains the highest known diversity, with all three lineages present. Results suggest that Agamas colonized the Sahara twice, but only one lineage was able to radiate and diversify there. Species in the Saharan lineage are mostly allopatric, and their splitting, genetic diversity and distribution are greatly explained by mountain ranges. One species in this lineage has colonized the Mediterranean climatic zone (A. impalearis), and another one the Sahel savannah (A. boueti). The other lineage to colonize the Sahara corresponds to A. boulengeri, an eminently Sahelian species that also inhabits Saharan mountain ranges in Mauritania and Mali. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that allopatric montane populations within some currently recognized species are also genetically divergent. Our study therefore concludes that vicariant speciation is a leading motor of species diversification in the area: Inside the Sahara, associated to mountain-ranges isolated by dune seas and bare plains; outside, associated to less harsh climates to the North and South. Paleoclimatic oscillations are suggested as causal explanations of the vicariant distribution and origin of species. Agamas are thought to have colonized northern Africa during wet periods, with subsequent dry periods fragmenting species distribution and leading to allopatric populations associated to milder and wetter climates in the Mediterranean, Sahel, and in Saharan mountains, in an island-model fashion. Finally, our results support the synonymization of A. castroviejoi with A. boueti, the reciprocal monophyly of all other North African Agamas, and suggest one candidate species within A. boulengeri.
G.o. Adeoye - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Helminth parasites of the African lizard Agama Agama (Squamata: Agamidae), in Lagos, Nigeria
Revista De Biologia Tropical, 2007Co-Authors: G.o. Adeoye, O.o. OgunbanwoAbstract:Agama Agama, the agamid rainbow lizard, has been reported to serve as transport and reservoir host to several protozoan and helminth parasites. We randomly sampled 310 specimens between May and July, 2005, at Oyingbo, Lagos, Nigeria (6°34'60'' N-3°19'59'' E and 6°34'60'' N-3°19'59'' E).They harboured four species of nematodes: Strongyluris brevicaudata, Parapharyngodon awokoyai, Capillaria sp. and Oxyuris sp.; one of Cestoda, Oochoristica Agamae; one of Trematoda, Mesocoelium monas; and one of Pentastomida, Raillietiella sp. Strongyluris brevicaudata had the highest prevalence of infection (82.3 %), followed by P. awokoyai (74.5 %), Raillietiella (10.3 %), Capillaria sp. (8.4 %) and O. Agamae (7.4 %). M. monas and Oxyuris sp. had low prevalences: 1.61 % each. Raillietiella sp. and Capillaria sp. can cause localized inflammation and intestinal infections in humans. The prevalence of infection was higher in larger adult lizards. Prevalence in males was 97.6 % (94.1 % in females). In four of the helminth species, intensity of infection was higher in male lizards. Parasite intensity was highest in the rectum, followed by the intestine (p < 0.05). Infection intensity was, to a large extent, dependent on the type of parasite, and age of lizard. During May, P. awokoyai had its highest mean intensities and prevalence. The prevalence and mean intensity of helminthes varied with the month of collection (both p < 0.05). For the three months studied, prevalence and mean intensity of S. brevicaudata were highest in June (July for the other species).
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Helminth parasites of the African lizard Agama Agama (Squamata: Agamidae), in Lagos, Nigeria
Vicerractoría Investigación, 2007Co-Authors: G.o. Adeoye, O.o. OgunbanwoAbstract:Agama Agama, the agamid rainbow lizard, has been reported to serve as transport and reservoir host to several protozoan and helminth parasites. We randomly sampled 310 specimens between May and July, 2005, at Oyingbo, Lagos, Nigeria (6°34’60’’ N-3°19’59’’ E and 6°34’60’’ N-3°19’59’’ E).They harboured four species of nematodes: Strongyluris brevicaudata, Parapharyngodon awokoyai, Capillaria sp. and Oxyuris sp.; one of Cestoda, Oochoristica Agamae; one of Trematoda, Mesocoelium monas; and one of Pentastomida, Raillietiella sp. Strongyluris brevicaudata had the highest prevalence of infection (82.3 %), followed by P. awokoyai (74.5 %), Raillietiella (10.3 %), Capillaria sp. (8.4 %) and O. Agamae (7.4 %). M. monas and Oxyuris sp. had low prevalences: 1.61 % each. Raillietiella sp. and Capillaria sp. can cause localized inflammation and intestinal infections in humans. The prevalence of infection was higher in larger adult lizards. Prevalence in males was 97.6 % (94.1 % in females). in four of the helminth species, intensity of infection was higher in male lizards. Parasite intensity was highest in the rectum, followed by the intestine (p