The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

G Marino - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • short and long term effects of a dietary yeast β glucan macrogard and Alginic Acid ergosan preparation on immune response in sea bass dicentrarchus labrax
    Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2005
    Co-Authors: M Bagni, Nicla Romano, Maria Grazia Finoia, Luigi Abelli, Giuseppe Scapigliati, Pietro Giorgio Tiscar, M Sarti, G Marino
    Abstract:

    Abstract The present study investigated the immunomodulatory activity of Ergosan, an algal extract containing Alginic Acid, and Macrogard, a yeast extract containing β-glucans, on innate and specific immunity in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Four cycles of experimental feeding using normal fish feed formulation (control group) supplemented with Ergosan (0.5%) or Macrogard (0.1%) were performed at 60-day intervals (15 days of treatment + 45 days of suspension). Serum complement, lysozyme, total proteins and heat shock protein (HSP) concentrations were measured at 15, 30 and 45 days from the end of the first 15-day feeding cycle (short term) and 45 days after the end of each feeding cycle over a 35-week period (long term). The percentage of B- and T-lymphocytes in peripheral blood leucocytes and gut were measured over long-term trial. Significant elevation (P  Over the long-term period, no significant differences were observed in innate and specific immune parameters, survival, growth performances and conversion index in treated and control fish. A dramatic decrease of both innate and acquired immune parameters was observed during the winter season in all groups, followed by a partial recovery when water temperature increased. Reduction in complement and lysozyme activities was significatively correlated (p

  • short and long term effects of a dietary yeast beta glucan macrogard and Alginic Acid ergosan preparation on immune response in sea bass dicentrarchus labrax
    Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2005
    Co-Authors: M Bagni, Nicla Romano, Maria Grazia Finoia, Luigi Abelli, Giuseppe Scapigliati, Pietro Giorgio Tiscar, M Sarti, G Marino
    Abstract:

    The present study investigated the immunomodulatory activity of Ergosan, an algal extract containing Alginic Acid, and Macrogard, a yeast extract containing beta-glucans, on innate and specific immunity in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Four cycles of experimental feeding using normal fish feed formulation (control group) supplemented with Ergosan (0.5%) or Macrogard (0.1%) were performed at 60-day intervals (15 days of treatment+45 days of suspension). Serum complement, lysozyme, total proteins and heat shock protein (HSP) concentrations were measured at 15, 30 and 45 days from the end of the first 15-day feeding cycle (short term) and 45 days after the end of each feeding cycle over a 35-week period (long term). The percentage of B- and T-lymphocytes in peripheral blood leucocytes and gut were measured over long-term trial. Significant elevation (P < 0.05) in serum complement activity occurred in sea bass fed with Alginic Acid and glucans, at 15 days from the end of first cycle of treatment. Significant elevation (P < 0.05) in serum lysozyme, gill and liver HSP concentration were observed in the same experimental groups at 30 days from the end of treatment, whereas a significant increase (P < 0.05) of complement activity was only observed in fish that received an Ergosan diet. At 45 days from the end of treatment, complement, lysozyme and HSP concentration did not differ among groups. Over the long-term period, no significant differences were observed in innate and specific immune parameters, survival, growth performances and conversion index in treated and control fish. A dramatic decrease of both innate and acquired immune parameters was observed during the winter season in all groups, followed by a partial recovery when water temperature increased. Reduction in complement and lysozyme activities was significatively correlated (p < 0.01) to water temperature variation. The results suggested the potential of Alginic Acid and beta-glucans to activate some innate immune responses in sea bass, and particularly under conditions of immunodepression related to environmental stress.

Bruno Boury - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • dehydration of Alginic Acid cryogel by ticl4 vapor direct access to mesoporous tio2 c nanocomposites and their performance in lithium ion batteries
    Chemsuschem, 2019
    Co-Authors: Sanghoon Kim, Mario De Bruyn, Johan Alauzun, Nicolas Louvain, Nicolas Brun, Lorenzo Stievano, Laure Monconduit, Duncan J Macquarrie, Hubert P Mutin, Bruno Boury
    Abstract:

    A new strategy for the synthesis of mesoporous TiO2 @C nanocomposites through the direct mineralization of seaweed-derived Alginic Acid cryogel by TiCl4 through a solid/vapor reaction pathway is presented. In this synthesis, Alginic Acid cryogel can have multiple roles; i) mesoporous template, ii) carbon source, and iii) oxygen source for the TiO2 precursor, TiCl4 . The resulting TiO2 @Alginic Acid composite was transformed either into pure mesoporous TiO2 by calcination or into mesoporous TiO2 @C nanocomposites by pyrolysis. By comparing with a nonporous TiO2 @C composite, the importance of the mesopores on the performance of electrodes for lithium-ion batteries based on mesoporous TiO2 @C composite was clearly evidenced. In addition, the carbon matrix in the mesoporous TiO2 @C nanocomposite also showed electrochemical activity versus lithium ions, providing twice the capacity of pure mesoporous TiO2 or Alginic Acid-derived mesoporous carbon (A600). Given the simplicity and environmental friendliness of the process, the mesoporous TiO2 @C nanocomposite could satisfy the main prerequisites of green and sustainable chemistry while showing improved electrochemical performance as a negative electrode for lithium-ion batteries.

  • Alginic Acid-derived mesoporous carbonaceous materials (Starbon®) as negative electrodes for lithium ion batteries: Importance of porosity and electronic conductivity
    Journal of Power Sources, 2018
    Co-Authors: Sanghoon Kim, Mario De Bruyn, Johan Alauzun, Nicolas Louvain, Nicolas Brun, Duncan Macquarrie, Lorenzo Stievano, Bruno Boury, P. Hubert Mutin, Laure Monconduit
    Abstract:

    Alginic Acid-derived mesoporous carbonaceous materials (Starbon® A800 series) were investigated as negative electrodes for lithium ion batteries. To this extent, a set of mesoporous carbons with different pore volume and electronic conductivity was tested. The best electrochemical performance was obtained for A800 with High Pore Volume (A800HPV), which displays both the highest pore volume (0.9 cm3 g−1) and the highest electronic conductivity (84 S m−1) of the tested materials. When compared to a commercial mesoporous carbon, A800HPV was found to exhibit both better long-term stability, and a markedly improved rate capability. The presence of a hierarchical interconnected pore network in A800HPV, accounting for a high electrolyte accessibility, could lay at the origin of the good electrochemical performance. Overall, the electronic conductivity and the mesopore size appear to be the most important parameters, much more than the specific surface area. Finally, A800HPV electrodes display similar electrochemical performance when formulated with or without added conductive additive, which could make for a simpler and more eco-friendly electrode processing.

  • Alginic Acid aquagel as a template and carbon source in the synthesis of li4ti5o12 c nanocomposites for application as anodes in li ion batteries
    RSC Advances, 2018
    Co-Authors: Sanghoon Kim, Johan Alauzun, Nicolas Louvain, Nicolas Brun, Lorenzo Stievano, Bruno Boury, Laure Monconduit, Hubert P Mutin
    Abstract:

    We report here a simple process for the synthesis of Li4Ti5O12(LTO)/carbon nanocomposites by a one-pot method using an Alginic Acid aquagel as a template and carbon source, and lithium acetate and TiO2 nanoparticles as precursors to the LTO phase. The carbon content can be tuned by adjusting the relative amount of Alginic Acid. The obtained materials consist of nanosized primary particles of LTO (30 nm) forming micron-sized aggregates covered by well-dispersed carbon (from 3 to 19 wt%). The homogeneous dispersion of carbon over the particles improves the electrochemical performance of LTO electrodes such as rate capability (>95 mA h g−1 at 40C) and cycling performance (>98% of retention after 500 cycles at 5C), even with only 3% of carbon black additive in the electrode formulation. With a simple and easily up-scalable synthesis, the LTO/carbon nanocomposites of this study are promising candidates as anode materials for practical application in lithium-ion batteries.

  • Alginic Acid-derived mesoporous carbon (Starbon®) as template and reducing agent for the hydrothermal synthesis of mesoporous LiMn 2 O 4 grafted with carbonaceous species
    Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2018
    Co-Authors: Sanghoon Kim, Mario De Bruyn, Johan Alauzun, Nicolas Louvain, Nicolas Brun, Duncan Macquarrie, Lorenzo Stievano, Bruno Boury, Laure Monconduit, P. Hubert Mutin
    Abstract:

    An Alginic Acid-derived mesoporous carbonaceous material (Starbon® A300) was used as a sacrificial porous template providing both a reducing environment and anchoring sites for LMO precursors, KMnO4 and LiOH. After hydrothermal treatment at 180 °C for 24 h, the resulting nanocrystalline LMO particles (≈40 nm) spontaneously aggregated, generating a mesoporous structure with a relatively high mesopore volume (≈0.33 cm3 g−1) and large pore size (≈30 nm). Moreover, a small amount (≈0.6 wt%) of residual carbon was present in this mesoporous LMO. This carbon, which arises from carbonaceous species grafted at the surface of the LMO nanoparticles, was found to significantly enhance the rate capability of LMO by reducing the internal electronic resistance. Finally, a “green” LMO electrode formulated using this Starbon-derived LMO as an active material, Starbon® A800 as a conductive additive and sodium alginate as a binder was tested, showing promising electrochemical performance.

M Bagni - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • short and long term effects of a dietary yeast β glucan macrogard and Alginic Acid ergosan preparation on immune response in sea bass dicentrarchus labrax
    Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2005
    Co-Authors: M Bagni, Nicla Romano, Maria Grazia Finoia, Luigi Abelli, Giuseppe Scapigliati, Pietro Giorgio Tiscar, M Sarti, G Marino
    Abstract:

    Abstract The present study investigated the immunomodulatory activity of Ergosan, an algal extract containing Alginic Acid, and Macrogard, a yeast extract containing β-glucans, on innate and specific immunity in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Four cycles of experimental feeding using normal fish feed formulation (control group) supplemented with Ergosan (0.5%) or Macrogard (0.1%) were performed at 60-day intervals (15 days of treatment + 45 days of suspension). Serum complement, lysozyme, total proteins and heat shock protein (HSP) concentrations were measured at 15, 30 and 45 days from the end of the first 15-day feeding cycle (short term) and 45 days after the end of each feeding cycle over a 35-week period (long term). The percentage of B- and T-lymphocytes in peripheral blood leucocytes and gut were measured over long-term trial. Significant elevation (P  Over the long-term period, no significant differences were observed in innate and specific immune parameters, survival, growth performances and conversion index in treated and control fish. A dramatic decrease of both innate and acquired immune parameters was observed during the winter season in all groups, followed by a partial recovery when water temperature increased. Reduction in complement and lysozyme activities was significatively correlated (p

  • short and long term effects of a dietary yeast beta glucan macrogard and Alginic Acid ergosan preparation on immune response in sea bass dicentrarchus labrax
    Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2005
    Co-Authors: M Bagni, Nicla Romano, Maria Grazia Finoia, Luigi Abelli, Giuseppe Scapigliati, Pietro Giorgio Tiscar, M Sarti, G Marino
    Abstract:

    The present study investigated the immunomodulatory activity of Ergosan, an algal extract containing Alginic Acid, and Macrogard, a yeast extract containing beta-glucans, on innate and specific immunity in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Four cycles of experimental feeding using normal fish feed formulation (control group) supplemented with Ergosan (0.5%) or Macrogard (0.1%) were performed at 60-day intervals (15 days of treatment+45 days of suspension). Serum complement, lysozyme, total proteins and heat shock protein (HSP) concentrations were measured at 15, 30 and 45 days from the end of the first 15-day feeding cycle (short term) and 45 days after the end of each feeding cycle over a 35-week period (long term). The percentage of B- and T-lymphocytes in peripheral blood leucocytes and gut were measured over long-term trial. Significant elevation (P < 0.05) in serum complement activity occurred in sea bass fed with Alginic Acid and glucans, at 15 days from the end of first cycle of treatment. Significant elevation (P < 0.05) in serum lysozyme, gill and liver HSP concentration were observed in the same experimental groups at 30 days from the end of treatment, whereas a significant increase (P < 0.05) of complement activity was only observed in fish that received an Ergosan diet. At 45 days from the end of treatment, complement, lysozyme and HSP concentration did not differ among groups. Over the long-term period, no significant differences were observed in innate and specific immune parameters, survival, growth performances and conversion index in treated and control fish. A dramatic decrease of both innate and acquired immune parameters was observed during the winter season in all groups, followed by a partial recovery when water temperature increased. Reduction in complement and lysozyme activities was significatively correlated (p < 0.01) to water temperature variation. The results suggested the potential of Alginic Acid and beta-glucans to activate some innate immune responses in sea bass, and particularly under conditions of immunodepression related to environmental stress.

Sanghoon Kim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • dehydration of Alginic Acid cryogel by ticl4 vapor direct access to mesoporous tio2 c nanocomposites and their performance in lithium ion batteries
    Chemsuschem, 2019
    Co-Authors: Sanghoon Kim, Mario De Bruyn, Johan Alauzun, Nicolas Louvain, Nicolas Brun, Lorenzo Stievano, Laure Monconduit, Duncan J Macquarrie, Hubert P Mutin, Bruno Boury
    Abstract:

    A new strategy for the synthesis of mesoporous TiO2 @C nanocomposites through the direct mineralization of seaweed-derived Alginic Acid cryogel by TiCl4 through a solid/vapor reaction pathway is presented. In this synthesis, Alginic Acid cryogel can have multiple roles; i) mesoporous template, ii) carbon source, and iii) oxygen source for the TiO2 precursor, TiCl4 . The resulting TiO2 @Alginic Acid composite was transformed either into pure mesoporous TiO2 by calcination or into mesoporous TiO2 @C nanocomposites by pyrolysis. By comparing with a nonporous TiO2 @C composite, the importance of the mesopores on the performance of electrodes for lithium-ion batteries based on mesoporous TiO2 @C composite was clearly evidenced. In addition, the carbon matrix in the mesoporous TiO2 @C nanocomposite also showed electrochemical activity versus lithium ions, providing twice the capacity of pure mesoporous TiO2 or Alginic Acid-derived mesoporous carbon (A600). Given the simplicity and environmental friendliness of the process, the mesoporous TiO2 @C nanocomposite could satisfy the main prerequisites of green and sustainable chemistry while showing improved electrochemical performance as a negative electrode for lithium-ion batteries.

  • Alginic Acid-derived mesoporous carbonaceous materials (Starbon®) as negative electrodes for lithium ion batteries: Importance of porosity and electronic conductivity
    Journal of Power Sources, 2018
    Co-Authors: Sanghoon Kim, Mario De Bruyn, Johan Alauzun, Nicolas Louvain, Nicolas Brun, Duncan Macquarrie, Lorenzo Stievano, Bruno Boury, P. Hubert Mutin, Laure Monconduit
    Abstract:

    Alginic Acid-derived mesoporous carbonaceous materials (Starbon® A800 series) were investigated as negative electrodes for lithium ion batteries. To this extent, a set of mesoporous carbons with different pore volume and electronic conductivity was tested. The best electrochemical performance was obtained for A800 with High Pore Volume (A800HPV), which displays both the highest pore volume (0.9 cm3 g−1) and the highest electronic conductivity (84 S m−1) of the tested materials. When compared to a commercial mesoporous carbon, A800HPV was found to exhibit both better long-term stability, and a markedly improved rate capability. The presence of a hierarchical interconnected pore network in A800HPV, accounting for a high electrolyte accessibility, could lay at the origin of the good electrochemical performance. Overall, the electronic conductivity and the mesopore size appear to be the most important parameters, much more than the specific surface area. Finally, A800HPV electrodes display similar electrochemical performance when formulated with or without added conductive additive, which could make for a simpler and more eco-friendly electrode processing.

  • Alginic Acid aquagel as a template and carbon source in the synthesis of li4ti5o12 c nanocomposites for application as anodes in li ion batteries
    RSC Advances, 2018
    Co-Authors: Sanghoon Kim, Johan Alauzun, Nicolas Louvain, Nicolas Brun, Lorenzo Stievano, Bruno Boury, Laure Monconduit, Hubert P Mutin
    Abstract:

    We report here a simple process for the synthesis of Li4Ti5O12(LTO)/carbon nanocomposites by a one-pot method using an Alginic Acid aquagel as a template and carbon source, and lithium acetate and TiO2 nanoparticles as precursors to the LTO phase. The carbon content can be tuned by adjusting the relative amount of Alginic Acid. The obtained materials consist of nanosized primary particles of LTO (30 nm) forming micron-sized aggregates covered by well-dispersed carbon (from 3 to 19 wt%). The homogeneous dispersion of carbon over the particles improves the electrochemical performance of LTO electrodes such as rate capability (>95 mA h g−1 at 40C) and cycling performance (>98% of retention after 500 cycles at 5C), even with only 3% of carbon black additive in the electrode formulation. With a simple and easily up-scalable synthesis, the LTO/carbon nanocomposites of this study are promising candidates as anode materials for practical application in lithium-ion batteries.

  • Alginic Acid-derived mesoporous carbon (Starbon®) as template and reducing agent for the hydrothermal synthesis of mesoporous LiMn 2 O 4 grafted with carbonaceous species
    Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2018
    Co-Authors: Sanghoon Kim, Mario De Bruyn, Johan Alauzun, Nicolas Louvain, Nicolas Brun, Duncan Macquarrie, Lorenzo Stievano, Bruno Boury, Laure Monconduit, P. Hubert Mutin
    Abstract:

    An Alginic Acid-derived mesoporous carbonaceous material (Starbon® A300) was used as a sacrificial porous template providing both a reducing environment and anchoring sites for LMO precursors, KMnO4 and LiOH. After hydrothermal treatment at 180 °C for 24 h, the resulting nanocrystalline LMO particles (≈40 nm) spontaneously aggregated, generating a mesoporous structure with a relatively high mesopore volume (≈0.33 cm3 g−1) and large pore size (≈30 nm). Moreover, a small amount (≈0.6 wt%) of residual carbon was present in this mesoporous LMO. This carbon, which arises from carbonaceous species grafted at the surface of the LMO nanoparticles, was found to significantly enhance the rate capability of LMO by reducing the internal electronic resistance. Finally, a “green” LMO electrode formulated using this Starbon-derived LMO as an active material, Starbon® A800 as a conductive additive and sodium alginate as a binder was tested, showing promising electrochemical performance.

Eric M.v. Hoek - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • relating fouling behavior and cake layer formation of Alginic Acid to the physiochemical properties of thin film composite and nanocomposite seawater ro membranes
    Desalination, 2014
    Co-Authors: Thevinh Nguyen, Marytheresa M Pendergast, Mai Thanh Phong, Fubing Peng, Mary Laura Lind, Eric M.v. Hoek
    Abstract:

    In this study, fouling behavior of Alginic Acid onto four types of hand-cast and one commercially-available seawater reverse osmosis membranes was investigated. Hand-cast membranes included a polyamide thin film composite and a zeolite-polyamide thin film nanocomposite, as well as poly(vinyl alcohol) coated versions of both. Flux decline due to fouling and the structural features of the fouling layers formed during seawater desalination experiments were analyzed using classic Kozeny–Carman cake filtration theory along with a more recently developed crossflow model. Initial rates of flux decline correlated strongly with membrane permeability and root-mean-squared roughness and moderately with alginate–membrane interfacial free energy. The porosity (i.e., hydraulic resistance) of the fouling layers correlated strongly with deionized water contact angle and moderately with surface area difference of the membranes. The contact angle of the membranes also heavily impacted the fouling layer mass and thickness. Membranes with high permeability, strong alginate–membrane interfacial energy of adhesion, and hydrophobic surfaces had the highest propensity for fouling by low porosity, high specific resistance cake layers. Results indicate that reverse osmosis membranes should be produced with hydrophilic, smooth, and large peak-to-peak surfaces in order to reduce flux decline due to cake layer formation.

  • role of specific ion interactions in seawater ro membrane fouling by Alginic Acid
    Environmental Science & Technology, 2009
    Co-Authors: Xue Jin, Xiaofei Huang, Eric M.v. Hoek
    Abstract:

    Organic fouling plagues many environmental membrane processes. In this study, well-controlled laboratory experiments were performed to elucidate seawater RO membrane fouling by Alginic Acid. Interfacial free energies derived from multiple probe liquid contact angle analyses (including different seawater matrices) correlated strongly with the rates of membrane fouling. More importantly, the Lewis Acid-base interfacial free energy quantitatively described the impacts of calcium-carboxylate complex formation and predicted membrane fouling and cleaning behavior. Calcium ions made polyamide composite RO membranes (and Alginic Acid) more hydrophobic, enhanced the rate and extent of flux decline, and reduced the effectiveness of chemical cleaning. The implications for seawater RO membrane fouling are clear. Selective removal of calcium ions via pretreatment can reduce the gel forming ability of carboxylate rich biomacromolecules and, hence, the extent to which they foul RO membranes. In addition, RO membranes should be produced with smooth, hydrophilic interfaces comprising monopolar electron-donor functionality and no carboxylic Acid residue. More broadly, this paper presents a facile approach for quantifying the impacts of specific ion interactions on aquatic colloid stability, aggregation, and deposition.