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Michael Breitenbach - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Molecular characterization of Alternaria alternata and Cladosporium herbarum allergens
Advances in experimental medicine and biology, 1996Co-Authors: Gernot Achatz, Hannes Oberkofler, Erich Lechenauer, Birgit Simon, Andrea Unger, Doris Kandler, C. Ebner, Hansjörg Prillinger, Dietrich Kraft, Michael BreitenbachAbstract:Investigations of fungal air spora have demonstrated that conidium-forming fungi usually predominate over other fungal groups. Cladosporium herbarum, Alternaria alternata, Penicillium sp. and Aspergillus sp., listed in decreasing frequency of occurrence, are most consistently associated with the highest mean percentages of total fungal spore catches. In addition to daily variations in meteorologie conditions and seasonal changes, both of which have enormous impact on the concentration of air spora, the amount and type of vegetation of a region or microenvironment may be important factors in determining the composition of the airborne fungal population. Over the past two decades most allergologists have recognized a need for more information on fungal allergy because of increased awareness of the problem and the greater number of patients suffering from asthma and rhinitis due to fungi. Seasonal variation in regard to fungi in the air or to those in homes, and their detection and monitoring but also the biological relevance of the allergenic protein in the fungal organism are new fields of studies (1, 2). In the environment, Cladosporium herbarum is the most frequently encountered mould in the air. The dry conidia are carried easily through the air and can be detected in extremely large numbers e.g. a concentration of 35000 conidia/cubic meter can often be measured. The indoor counts to a large extent reflect the outdoor concentration. Depending on climate conditions the conidia may begin to appear in the atmosphere in spring and rise to a peak in either late summer or early autumn. Cladosporium herbarum is one of the most common colonizer of dying and dead plants and also occurs in various soil types and on food. It can frequently be found in uncleaned refrigerators, foodstuff, on wet window frames, in houses with poor ventilation and houses with straw roofs (3, 4, 5).
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molecular cloning of major and minor allergens of Alternaria alternata and cladosporium herbarum
Molecular Immunology, 1995Co-Authors: Gernot Achatz, Hannes Oberkofler, Erich Lechenauer, Birgit Simon, Andrea Unger, Doris Kandler, C. Ebner, Hansjörg Prillinger, Dietrich Kraft, Michael BreitenbachAbstract:The two moulds, Alternaria alternata and Cladosporium herbarum, are recognized as major causes of fungal allergies. Cloning, sequencing and heterologous expression of the allergens of the two moulds is a necessary step in understanding fungal allergy and in the development of new and improved methods of diagnosis and therapy. The seven new mould allergens presented here represent four new allergen proteins: aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), enolase, YCP4 (previously found as a Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein of unknown function), and the acidic ribosomal protein, P2. Three of them (ALDH, YCP4 and P2) were found to be allergens in both fungi, Alternaria and Cladosporium. All allergens found so far are cytoplasmic proteins and are rather well conserved in evolution even when comparing distant species. Most of the allergens have "household" functions (ALDH, enolase). One allergen (P2) is a homolog of a very highly conserved human lupus erythematodes (LE) antigen. None of the fungal allergens is clearly related to other known non-fungal allergens.
Gernot Achatz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Molecular characterization of Alternaria alternata and Cladosporium herbarum allergens
Advances in experimental medicine and biology, 1996Co-Authors: Gernot Achatz, Hannes Oberkofler, Erich Lechenauer, Birgit Simon, Andrea Unger, Doris Kandler, C. Ebner, Hansjörg Prillinger, Dietrich Kraft, Michael BreitenbachAbstract:Investigations of fungal air spora have demonstrated that conidium-forming fungi usually predominate over other fungal groups. Cladosporium herbarum, Alternaria alternata, Penicillium sp. and Aspergillus sp., listed in decreasing frequency of occurrence, are most consistently associated with the highest mean percentages of total fungal spore catches. In addition to daily variations in meteorologie conditions and seasonal changes, both of which have enormous impact on the concentration of air spora, the amount and type of vegetation of a region or microenvironment may be important factors in determining the composition of the airborne fungal population. Over the past two decades most allergologists have recognized a need for more information on fungal allergy because of increased awareness of the problem and the greater number of patients suffering from asthma and rhinitis due to fungi. Seasonal variation in regard to fungi in the air or to those in homes, and their detection and monitoring but also the biological relevance of the allergenic protein in the fungal organism are new fields of studies (1, 2). In the environment, Cladosporium herbarum is the most frequently encountered mould in the air. The dry conidia are carried easily through the air and can be detected in extremely large numbers e.g. a concentration of 35000 conidia/cubic meter can often be measured. The indoor counts to a large extent reflect the outdoor concentration. Depending on climate conditions the conidia may begin to appear in the atmosphere in spring and rise to a peak in either late summer or early autumn. Cladosporium herbarum is one of the most common colonizer of dying and dead plants and also occurs in various soil types and on food. It can frequently be found in uncleaned refrigerators, foodstuff, on wet window frames, in houses with poor ventilation and houses with straw roofs (3, 4, 5).
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molecular cloning of major and minor allergens of Alternaria alternata and cladosporium herbarum
Molecular Immunology, 1995Co-Authors: Gernot Achatz, Hannes Oberkofler, Erich Lechenauer, Birgit Simon, Andrea Unger, Doris Kandler, C. Ebner, Hansjörg Prillinger, Dietrich Kraft, Michael BreitenbachAbstract:The two moulds, Alternaria alternata and Cladosporium herbarum, are recognized as major causes of fungal allergies. Cloning, sequencing and heterologous expression of the allergens of the two moulds is a necessary step in understanding fungal allergy and in the development of new and improved methods of diagnosis and therapy. The seven new mould allergens presented here represent four new allergen proteins: aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), enolase, YCP4 (previously found as a Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein of unknown function), and the acidic ribosomal protein, P2. Three of them (ALDH, YCP4 and P2) were found to be allergens in both fungi, Alternaria and Cladosporium. All allergens found so far are cytoplasmic proteins and are rather well conserved in evolution even when comparing distant species. Most of the allergens have "household" functions (ALDH, enolase). One allergen (P2) is a homolog of a very highly conserved human lupus erythematodes (LE) antigen. None of the fungal allergens is clearly related to other known non-fungal allergens.
C. Ebner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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carrier bound alt a 1 peptides without allergenic activity for vaccination against Alternaria alternata allergy
Clinical & Experimental Allergy, 2012Co-Authors: Teresa E Twaroch, C. Ebner, M Focke, K Fleischmann, Nadja Balic, Christian Lupinek, Katharina Blatt, Rosetta Ferrara, Adriano Mari, Peter ValentAbstract:Background The mould Alternaria alternata is a major elicitor of allergic asthma. Diagnosis and specific immunotherapy (SIT) of Alternaria allergy are often limited by the insufficient quality of natural mould extracts. Objective To investigate whether recombinant Alt a 1 can be used for reliable diagnosis of Alternaria alternata allergy and to develop a safe, non-allergenic vaccine for SIT of Alternaria allergy. Methods The qualitative sensitization profile of 80 Alternaria-allergic patients from Austria and Italy was investigated using an allergen micro-array and the amount of Alternaria-specific IgE directed to rAlt a 1 was quantified by ImmunoCAP measurements. Peptides spanning regions of predicted high surface accessibility of Alt a 1 were synthesized and tested for IgE reactivity and allergenic activity, using sera and basophils from allergic patients. Carrier-bound peptides were studied for their ability to induce IgG antibodies in rabbits which recognize Alt a 1 and inhibit allergic patients’ IgE reactivity to Alt a 1. Results rAlt a 1 allowed diagnosis of Alternaria allergy in all tested patients, bound the vast majority (i.e. >95%) of Alternaria-specific IgE and elicited basophil activation already at a concentration of 0.1 ng/mL. Four non-allergenic peptides were synthesized which, after coupling to the carrier protein keyhole limpet hemocyanin, induced Alt a 1-specific IgG and inhibited allergic patients’ IgE binding to Alt a 1. Conclusions and clinical relevance rAlt a 1 is a highly allergenic molecule allowing sensitive diagnosis of Alternaria allergy. Carrier-bound non-allergenic Alt a 1 peptides are candidates for safe SIT of Alternaria allergy.
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Molecular characterization of Alternaria alternata and Cladosporium herbarum allergens
Advances in experimental medicine and biology, 1996Co-Authors: Gernot Achatz, Hannes Oberkofler, Erich Lechenauer, Birgit Simon, Andrea Unger, Doris Kandler, C. Ebner, Hansjörg Prillinger, Dietrich Kraft, Michael BreitenbachAbstract:Investigations of fungal air spora have demonstrated that conidium-forming fungi usually predominate over other fungal groups. Cladosporium herbarum, Alternaria alternata, Penicillium sp. and Aspergillus sp., listed in decreasing frequency of occurrence, are most consistently associated with the highest mean percentages of total fungal spore catches. In addition to daily variations in meteorologie conditions and seasonal changes, both of which have enormous impact on the concentration of air spora, the amount and type of vegetation of a region or microenvironment may be important factors in determining the composition of the airborne fungal population. Over the past two decades most allergologists have recognized a need for more information on fungal allergy because of increased awareness of the problem and the greater number of patients suffering from asthma and rhinitis due to fungi. Seasonal variation in regard to fungi in the air or to those in homes, and their detection and monitoring but also the biological relevance of the allergenic protein in the fungal organism are new fields of studies (1, 2). In the environment, Cladosporium herbarum is the most frequently encountered mould in the air. The dry conidia are carried easily through the air and can be detected in extremely large numbers e.g. a concentration of 35000 conidia/cubic meter can often be measured. The indoor counts to a large extent reflect the outdoor concentration. Depending on climate conditions the conidia may begin to appear in the atmosphere in spring and rise to a peak in either late summer or early autumn. Cladosporium herbarum is one of the most common colonizer of dying and dead plants and also occurs in various soil types and on food. It can frequently be found in uncleaned refrigerators, foodstuff, on wet window frames, in houses with poor ventilation and houses with straw roofs (3, 4, 5).
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molecular cloning of major and minor allergens of Alternaria alternata and cladosporium herbarum
Molecular Immunology, 1995Co-Authors: Gernot Achatz, Hannes Oberkofler, Erich Lechenauer, Birgit Simon, Andrea Unger, Doris Kandler, C. Ebner, Hansjörg Prillinger, Dietrich Kraft, Michael BreitenbachAbstract:The two moulds, Alternaria alternata and Cladosporium herbarum, are recognized as major causes of fungal allergies. Cloning, sequencing and heterologous expression of the allergens of the two moulds is a necessary step in understanding fungal allergy and in the development of new and improved methods of diagnosis and therapy. The seven new mould allergens presented here represent four new allergen proteins: aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), enolase, YCP4 (previously found as a Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein of unknown function), and the acidic ribosomal protein, P2. Three of them (ALDH, YCP4 and P2) were found to be allergens in both fungi, Alternaria and Cladosporium. All allergens found so far are cytoplasmic proteins and are rather well conserved in evolution even when comparing distant species. Most of the allergens have "household" functions (ALDH, enolase). One allergen (P2) is a homolog of a very highly conserved human lupus erythematodes (LE) antigen. None of the fungal allergens is clearly related to other known non-fungal allergens.
Eshabi B. Kurbanoglu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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asymmetric reduction of acetophenone analogues by Alternaria alternata using ram horn peptone
Tetrahedron-asymmetry, 2007Co-Authors: Eshabi B. Kurbanoglu, Kani Zilbeyaz, Namudar İzzet Kurbanoğlu, Hamdullah KilicAbstract:Alternaria alternata EBK-4 fungus isolated from a plant sample was evaluated for the asymmetric reduction of acetophenone analogues. In a previous study, this isolate was used for the reduction of acetophenone to 1-phenylethanol in excellent enantiomeric excess. The substituted acetophenones were converted to the corresponding optically active alcohol by A. alternata EBK-4 under optimized conditions in up to >99% enantiomeric excess (ee). This is the first report on the enantiomeric reduction of acetophenone analogues by A. alternata using ram horn peptone from waste material.
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highly enantioselective reduction of acetophenone by locally isolated Alternaria alternata using ram horn peptone
Tetrahedron-asymmetry, 2007Co-Authors: Eshabi B. Kurbanoglu, Kani Zilbeyaz, Namudar İzzet Kurbanoğlu, Mesut TaskinAbstract:Abstract Enantiomerically pure compounds are important building blocks in the synthesis of natural products. In this study, the reduction of acetophenone to the ( S )-isomer of 1-phenylalcohol with a high enantiomeric excess (ee) by locally isolated Alternaria alternata using ram horn peptone (RHP) was investigated. Ten strains of A. alternata were isolated from different plant samples. These isolates were evaluated for the reduction of acetophenone (ACP) to 1-phenylethanol (PEA). Glucose, yeast extract and RHP in a shake flask and fermenter for growth of A. alternata cultures were used. A. alternata EBK-4 isolate was found to be an effective biocatalyst for the enantiomeric bioreduction of acetophenone. Conversions of up to 100% with excellent enantiomeric excesses (>99%) were obtained. Production of PEA was achieved via a fermenter. The yield was calculated as 86%. This is the first report on the enantioselective reduction of ACP by A. alternata using ram horn peptone from waste material.
Isamu Yamaguchi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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mating type genes from asexual phytopathogenic ascomycetes fusarium oxysporum and Alternaria alternata
Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions, 2000Co-Authors: Tsutomu Arie, Takanobu Yoshida, Isao Kaneko, Masami Noguchi, Yoshikuni Nomura, Isamu YamaguchiAbstract:Mating-type (MAT) loci were cloned from two asexual (mitosporic) phytopathogenic ascomycetes, Fusarium oxysporum (a pyrenomycete) and Alternaria alternata (a loculoascomycete), by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based strategy. The conserved high mobility group (HMG) box domain found in the MAT1-2-1 protein was used as a starting point for cloning and sequencing the entire MAT1-2 idiomorph plus flanking regions. Primer pairs designed to both flanking regions were used to amplify the opposite MAT1-1 idiomorph. The MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 idiomorphs were approximately 4.6 and 3.8 kb in F. oxysporum and approximately 1.9 and 2.2 kb in A. alternata, respectively. In both species, the MAT1-1 idiomorph contains at least one gene that encodes a protein with a putative alpha box domain and the MAT1-2 idiomorph contains one gene that encodes a protein with a putative HMG box domain. MAT-specific primers were used to assess the mating type of F. oxysporum and A. alternata field isolates by PCR. MAT genes from A. altern...
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mating type genes from asexual phytopathogenic ascomycetes fusarium oxysporum and Alternaria alternata
Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions, 2000Co-Authors: Tsutomu Arie, Takanobu Yoshida, Isao Kaneko, Masami Noguchi, Yoshikuni Nomura, Isamu YamaguchiAbstract:Mating-type (MAT) loci were cloned from two asexual (mitosporic) phytopathogenic ascomycetes, Fusarium oxysporum (a pyrenomycete) and Alternaria alternata (a loculoascomycete), by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based strategy. The conserved high mobility group (HMG) box domain found in the MAT1-2-1 protein was used as a starting point for cloning and sequencing the entire MAT1-2 idiomorph plus flanking regions. Primer pairs designed to both flanking regions were used to amplify the opposite MAT1-1 idiomorph. The MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 idiomorphs were approximately 4.6 and 3.8 kb in F. oxysporum and approximately 1.9 and 2.2 kb in A. alternata, respectively. In both species, the MAT1-1 idiomorph contains at least one gene that encodes a protein with a putative alpha box domain and the MAT1-2 idiomorph contains one gene that encodes a protein with a putative HMG box domain. MAT-specific primers were used to assess the mating type of F. oxysporum and A. alternata field isolates by PCR. MAT genes from A. alternata were expressed. The A. alternata genes were confirmed to be functional in a close sexual relative, Cochliobolus heterostrophus, by heterologous expression.