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Makoto Kawase - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • genetic diversity and expression analysis of granule bound starch synthase i gene in the new world grain amaranth Amaranthus cruentus l
    Journal of Cereal Science, 2011
    Co-Authors: Young-jun Park, Tomotaro Nishikawa, Kazuhiro Nemoto, Kenichi Matsushima, Mineo Minami, Makoto Kawase
    Abstract:

    Abstract We investigated the expression patterns of a granule bound starch synthase I ( GBSSI  =  Waxy ) gene at different developmental stages of storage and non-storage organs in Amaranthus cruentus . GBSSI transcripts were strongly expressed in the middle and mid-late stages of seed development and thereafter expression decreased. In addition, this gene was expressed in all non-storage organs tested (the leaf, stem, petiole and root) and showed a tendency to increase during plant development. Therefore, our results indicate that the amaranth GBSSI gene exhibits late expression in the perisperm, and that it is expressed in both storage and non-storage tissues. We also investigated the genetic diversity of GBSSI among 37 strains of amaranth grains originating from New World. A comparison of the GBSSI coding sequence revealed an extremely high level of sequence conservation, and a single nucleotide polymorphism between the sequences of non-waxy (Type I) and waxy (Type II) phenotypes was detected. This indicates that a G–T polymorphism in exon 10 (a nonsense mutation) was a unique event in the evolution of the GBSSI gene in amaranth grains.

  • molecular cloning and characterization of granule bound starch synthase i cdna from a grain amaranth Amaranthus cruentus l
    Breeding Science, 2009
    Co-Authors: Young-jun Park, Tomotaro Nishikawa, Kazuhiro Nemoto, Kenichi Matsushima, Mineo Minami, Makoto Kawase
    Abstract:

    A full-length cDNA clone encoding granule-bound starch synthase I (GBSSI = Waxy gene) from grain amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus L.) perisperm was isolated and characterized. Segregation of amylose content in F2 population suggested that the amylose content of A cruentus is controlled by a single gene, Waxy (GBSSI). cDNA clone of this gene is 2076 bp in length and contains an open reading frame of 1821 bp corresponding to a polypeptide of 606 amino acids residues, including a transit peptide of 77 amino acids. Comparison of the cDNA and genomic sequences (3492 bp) suggested that the amaranth GBSSI gene has 12 introns, of which exons 1–13 contributed to the coding sequence. The mature protein shares 70.2–75.3% sequence identity with GBSSI of dicots and about 64.0–67.8% identity with those of monocots. This protein contains the conserved motif KTGGL found in other GBSSI proteins, which has been implicated as the active site in glycogen synthase. Sequence analysis predicted that GBSSI of amaranth has a transit peptide of 77 amino acids including FIR↓S, which is different cleavage site that of the other dicot species. These results will provide more useful information for understanding the structure/function relationship of this protein from amaranths perisperm.

Young-jun Park - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • molecular cloning and expression analysis of a gene encoding soluble starch synthase i from grain amaranth Amaranthus cruentus l
    Molecular Breeding, 2012
    Co-Authors: Young-jun Park, Tomotaro Nishikawa, Norihiko Tomooka, Kazuhiro Nemoto
    Abstract:

    A full-length cDNA clone encoding a soluble starch synthase I (SSSI) from Amaranthus cruentus L. was isolated and characterized. The cDNA clone is 2,076 bp in length and contains an open reading frame of 1,821 bp that encodes 606 amino acid residues. Comparison of the cDNA and genomic sequences indicated that the amaranth SSSI gene contains 14 introns, of which exons 1–15 contribute to the coding sequence. Sequencing of the cloned cDNA showed that it has 65.1% identity with ArabidopsisSSSI and 61.1–64.7% identity with SSSI genes from other plant species. Comparison of the SSSI locus from 24 amaranth accessions of diverse geographical provenances revealed a high level of nucleotide polymorphism. A total of 54 single nucleotide polymorphisms and 17 insertions/deletions were identified, which were classifiable into eight different molecular types. Of these types, Type VIII was detected only in Old World accessions. Expression pattern analysis showed that the SSSI gene is expressed constitutively during seed maturation. In addition, this gene was expressed well in different organs including the leaf, petiole, stem and root. This finding indicated that expression of SSSI is not specific to non-storage or storage tissues in A. cruentus.

  • genetic diversity and expression analysis of granule bound starch synthase i gene in the new world grain amaranth Amaranthus cruentus l
    Journal of Cereal Science, 2011
    Co-Authors: Young-jun Park, Tomotaro Nishikawa, Kazuhiro Nemoto, Kenichi Matsushima, Mineo Minami, Makoto Kawase
    Abstract:

    Abstract We investigated the expression patterns of a granule bound starch synthase I ( GBSSI  =  Waxy ) gene at different developmental stages of storage and non-storage organs in Amaranthus cruentus . GBSSI transcripts were strongly expressed in the middle and mid-late stages of seed development and thereafter expression decreased. In addition, this gene was expressed in all non-storage organs tested (the leaf, stem, petiole and root) and showed a tendency to increase during plant development. Therefore, our results indicate that the amaranth GBSSI gene exhibits late expression in the perisperm, and that it is expressed in both storage and non-storage tissues. We also investigated the genetic diversity of GBSSI among 37 strains of amaranth grains originating from New World. A comparison of the GBSSI coding sequence revealed an extremely high level of sequence conservation, and a single nucleotide polymorphism between the sequences of non-waxy (Type I) and waxy (Type II) phenotypes was detected. This indicates that a G–T polymorphism in exon 10 (a nonsense mutation) was a unique event in the evolution of the GBSSI gene in amaranth grains.

  • molecular cloning and characterization of granule bound starch synthase i cdna from a grain amaranth Amaranthus cruentus l
    Breeding Science, 2009
    Co-Authors: Young-jun Park, Tomotaro Nishikawa, Kazuhiro Nemoto, Kenichi Matsushima, Mineo Minami, Makoto Kawase
    Abstract:

    A full-length cDNA clone encoding granule-bound starch synthase I (GBSSI = Waxy gene) from grain amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus L.) perisperm was isolated and characterized. Segregation of amylose content in F2 population suggested that the amylose content of A cruentus is controlled by a single gene, Waxy (GBSSI). cDNA clone of this gene is 2076 bp in length and contains an open reading frame of 1821 bp corresponding to a polypeptide of 606 amino acids residues, including a transit peptide of 77 amino acids. Comparison of the cDNA and genomic sequences (3492 bp) suggested that the amaranth GBSSI gene has 12 introns, of which exons 1–13 contributed to the coding sequence. The mature protein shares 70.2–75.3% sequence identity with GBSSI of dicots and about 64.0–67.8% identity with those of monocots. This protein contains the conserved motif KTGGL found in other GBSSI proteins, which has been implicated as the active site in glycogen synthase. Sequence analysis predicted that GBSSI of amaranth has a transit peptide of 77 amino acids including FIR↓S, which is different cleavage site that of the other dicot species. These results will provide more useful information for understanding the structure/function relationship of this protein from amaranths perisperm.

Kazuhiro Nemoto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • molecular cloning and expression analysis of a gene encoding soluble starch synthase i from grain amaranth Amaranthus cruentus l
    Molecular Breeding, 2012
    Co-Authors: Young-jun Park, Tomotaro Nishikawa, Norihiko Tomooka, Kazuhiro Nemoto
    Abstract:

    A full-length cDNA clone encoding a soluble starch synthase I (SSSI) from Amaranthus cruentus L. was isolated and characterized. The cDNA clone is 2,076 bp in length and contains an open reading frame of 1,821 bp that encodes 606 amino acid residues. Comparison of the cDNA and genomic sequences indicated that the amaranth SSSI gene contains 14 introns, of which exons 1–15 contribute to the coding sequence. Sequencing of the cloned cDNA showed that it has 65.1% identity with ArabidopsisSSSI and 61.1–64.7% identity with SSSI genes from other plant species. Comparison of the SSSI locus from 24 amaranth accessions of diverse geographical provenances revealed a high level of nucleotide polymorphism. A total of 54 single nucleotide polymorphisms and 17 insertions/deletions were identified, which were classifiable into eight different molecular types. Of these types, Type VIII was detected only in Old World accessions. Expression pattern analysis showed that the SSSI gene is expressed constitutively during seed maturation. In addition, this gene was expressed well in different organs including the leaf, petiole, stem and root. This finding indicated that expression of SSSI is not specific to non-storage or storage tissues in A. cruentus.

  • genetic diversity and expression analysis of granule bound starch synthase i gene in the new world grain amaranth Amaranthus cruentus l
    Journal of Cereal Science, 2011
    Co-Authors: Young-jun Park, Tomotaro Nishikawa, Kazuhiro Nemoto, Kenichi Matsushima, Mineo Minami, Makoto Kawase
    Abstract:

    Abstract We investigated the expression patterns of a granule bound starch synthase I ( GBSSI  =  Waxy ) gene at different developmental stages of storage and non-storage organs in Amaranthus cruentus . GBSSI transcripts were strongly expressed in the middle and mid-late stages of seed development and thereafter expression decreased. In addition, this gene was expressed in all non-storage organs tested (the leaf, stem, petiole and root) and showed a tendency to increase during plant development. Therefore, our results indicate that the amaranth GBSSI gene exhibits late expression in the perisperm, and that it is expressed in both storage and non-storage tissues. We also investigated the genetic diversity of GBSSI among 37 strains of amaranth grains originating from New World. A comparison of the GBSSI coding sequence revealed an extremely high level of sequence conservation, and a single nucleotide polymorphism between the sequences of non-waxy (Type I) and waxy (Type II) phenotypes was detected. This indicates that a G–T polymorphism in exon 10 (a nonsense mutation) was a unique event in the evolution of the GBSSI gene in amaranth grains.

  • molecular cloning and characterization of granule bound starch synthase i cdna from a grain amaranth Amaranthus cruentus l
    Breeding Science, 2009
    Co-Authors: Young-jun Park, Tomotaro Nishikawa, Kazuhiro Nemoto, Kenichi Matsushima, Mineo Minami, Makoto Kawase
    Abstract:

    A full-length cDNA clone encoding granule-bound starch synthase I (GBSSI = Waxy gene) from grain amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus L.) perisperm was isolated and characterized. Segregation of amylose content in F2 population suggested that the amylose content of A cruentus is controlled by a single gene, Waxy (GBSSI). cDNA clone of this gene is 2076 bp in length and contains an open reading frame of 1821 bp corresponding to a polypeptide of 606 amino acids residues, including a transit peptide of 77 amino acids. Comparison of the cDNA and genomic sequences (3492 bp) suggested that the amaranth GBSSI gene has 12 introns, of which exons 1–13 contributed to the coding sequence. The mature protein shares 70.2–75.3% sequence identity with GBSSI of dicots and about 64.0–67.8% identity with those of monocots. This protein contains the conserved motif KTGGL found in other GBSSI proteins, which has been implicated as the active site in glycogen synthase. Sequence analysis predicted that GBSSI of amaranth has a transit peptide of 77 amino acids including FIR↓S, which is different cleavage site that of the other dicot species. These results will provide more useful information for understanding the structure/function relationship of this protein from amaranths perisperm.

Florencia Cecilia Menegalli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • development of films based on blends of Amaranthus cruentus flour and poly vinyl alcohol
    Carbohydrate Polymers, 2009
    Co-Authors: Nadiarid Jimenez Elizondo, Paulo Jose Do Amaral Sobral, Florencia Cecilia Menegalli
    Abstract:

    Abstract The aim of this work was to develop biodegradable films based on blends of Amaranthus cruentus flour and poly(vinyl alcohol). Five different PVA types were tested. Blends with higher hydrolysis (HD) degree PVA were more resistant, showing greater tensile strength (TS) and puncture force (PF). However, the films with PVA with lower HD showed more flexibility, greater elongation at break (ELO) and greater puncture deformation (PD), with the exception of PVA 325. The latter was chosen due to it superior mechanical performance (TS = 10.2 MPa, ELO = 89.8%, PF = 9.4 N and PD = 16.3%). When films based on blends of amaranth flour and PVA 325 (10–50%) were evaluated, all mechanical properties were enhanced with increase in PVA 325 content. The solubility in water of the films made with PVA and amaranth flour decreased with increasing PVA content, reaching 44% of soluble matter for the 50% PVA film. The formation of hydrogen bonds between the blend components was confirmed by the FTIR spectra analysis.

  • Amaranthus cruentus flour edible films influence of stearic acid addition plasticizer concentration and emulsion stirring speed on water vapor permeability and mechanical properties
    Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2006
    Co-Authors: Eliane Colla, Paulo Jose Do Amaral Sobral, Florencia Cecilia Menegalli
    Abstract:

    Films forming solutions composed of Amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus) flour (4.0 g/100 mL), stearic acid (5−15 g/100 g of flour), and glycerol (25−35 g/100 g of flour) were prepared by an emulsification process, with varying stirring speed values (6640−13360 rpm). The influence of these parameters (stearic acid and glycerol concentrations and stirring speed) on the water vapor barrier and mechanical properties of films was evaluated using the response surface methodology (RSM). Other characterizations, including microstructure, water solubility, and oxygen permeability, were performed in optimized films. According to statistical analysis results, the optimized conditions corresponded to 10 g of stearic acid/100 g of flour, 26 g of glycerol/100 g of flour, and a stirring speed of 12 000 rpm. The films produced under these conditions exhibited superior mechanical properties (2.5 N puncture force, 2.6 MPa tensile strength, and 148% elongation at break) in comparison to those of other protein and polysaccharide ...

  • Amaranthus cruentus flour edible films influence of stearic acid addition plasticizer concentration and emulsion stirring speed on water vapor permeability and mechanical properties
    Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2006
    Co-Authors: Eliane Colla, Paulo Jose Do Amaral Sobral, Florencia Cecilia Menegalli
    Abstract:

    Films forming solutions composed of Amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus) flour (4.0 g/100 mL), stearic acid (5−15 g/100 g of flour), and glycerol (25−35 g/100 g of flour) were prepared by an emulsificati...

Tomotaro Nishikawa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • molecular cloning and expression analysis of a gene encoding soluble starch synthase i from grain amaranth Amaranthus cruentus l
    Molecular Breeding, 2012
    Co-Authors: Young-jun Park, Tomotaro Nishikawa, Norihiko Tomooka, Kazuhiro Nemoto
    Abstract:

    A full-length cDNA clone encoding a soluble starch synthase I (SSSI) from Amaranthus cruentus L. was isolated and characterized. The cDNA clone is 2,076 bp in length and contains an open reading frame of 1,821 bp that encodes 606 amino acid residues. Comparison of the cDNA and genomic sequences indicated that the amaranth SSSI gene contains 14 introns, of which exons 1–15 contribute to the coding sequence. Sequencing of the cloned cDNA showed that it has 65.1% identity with ArabidopsisSSSI and 61.1–64.7% identity with SSSI genes from other plant species. Comparison of the SSSI locus from 24 amaranth accessions of diverse geographical provenances revealed a high level of nucleotide polymorphism. A total of 54 single nucleotide polymorphisms and 17 insertions/deletions were identified, which were classifiable into eight different molecular types. Of these types, Type VIII was detected only in Old World accessions. Expression pattern analysis showed that the SSSI gene is expressed constitutively during seed maturation. In addition, this gene was expressed well in different organs including the leaf, petiole, stem and root. This finding indicated that expression of SSSI is not specific to non-storage or storage tissues in A. cruentus.

  • genetic diversity and expression analysis of granule bound starch synthase i gene in the new world grain amaranth Amaranthus cruentus l
    Journal of Cereal Science, 2011
    Co-Authors: Young-jun Park, Tomotaro Nishikawa, Kazuhiro Nemoto, Kenichi Matsushima, Mineo Minami, Makoto Kawase
    Abstract:

    Abstract We investigated the expression patterns of a granule bound starch synthase I ( GBSSI  =  Waxy ) gene at different developmental stages of storage and non-storage organs in Amaranthus cruentus . GBSSI transcripts were strongly expressed in the middle and mid-late stages of seed development and thereafter expression decreased. In addition, this gene was expressed in all non-storage organs tested (the leaf, stem, petiole and root) and showed a tendency to increase during plant development. Therefore, our results indicate that the amaranth GBSSI gene exhibits late expression in the perisperm, and that it is expressed in both storage and non-storage tissues. We also investigated the genetic diversity of GBSSI among 37 strains of amaranth grains originating from New World. A comparison of the GBSSI coding sequence revealed an extremely high level of sequence conservation, and a single nucleotide polymorphism between the sequences of non-waxy (Type I) and waxy (Type II) phenotypes was detected. This indicates that a G–T polymorphism in exon 10 (a nonsense mutation) was a unique event in the evolution of the GBSSI gene in amaranth grains.

  • molecular cloning and characterization of granule bound starch synthase i cdna from a grain amaranth Amaranthus cruentus l
    Breeding Science, 2009
    Co-Authors: Young-jun Park, Tomotaro Nishikawa, Kazuhiro Nemoto, Kenichi Matsushima, Mineo Minami, Makoto Kawase
    Abstract:

    A full-length cDNA clone encoding granule-bound starch synthase I (GBSSI = Waxy gene) from grain amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus L.) perisperm was isolated and characterized. Segregation of amylose content in F2 population suggested that the amylose content of A cruentus is controlled by a single gene, Waxy (GBSSI). cDNA clone of this gene is 2076 bp in length and contains an open reading frame of 1821 bp corresponding to a polypeptide of 606 amino acids residues, including a transit peptide of 77 amino acids. Comparison of the cDNA and genomic sequences (3492 bp) suggested that the amaranth GBSSI gene has 12 introns, of which exons 1–13 contributed to the coding sequence. The mature protein shares 70.2–75.3% sequence identity with GBSSI of dicots and about 64.0–67.8% identity with those of monocots. This protein contains the conserved motif KTGGL found in other GBSSI proteins, which has been implicated as the active site in glycogen synthase. Sequence analysis predicted that GBSSI of amaranth has a transit peptide of 77 amino acids including FIR↓S, which is different cleavage site that of the other dicot species. These results will provide more useful information for understanding the structure/function relationship of this protein from amaranths perisperm.