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Rongho Lee - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Enhanced photovoltaic performance of quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells via incorporating quaternized Ammonium Iodide-containing conjugated polymer into PEO gel electrolytes
2011Co-Authors: Rongho Lee, Tun-fang Cheng, Jhihwei ChangAbstract:In this study, a series of gel electrolytes prepared from blends of alternating conjugated polymer electrolytes (CPEs)/poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) were developed for use in quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The alternating CPEs poly[( N -(3′-(( N , N -dimethyl)- N -ethylAmmonium)propyl)-3,6-carbazole)- alt -(9,9-dioctyl-2,7-fluorene)]diIodide, poly[( N -(3′-(( N , N -dimethyl)- N -ethylAmmonium)propyl)-3,6-carbazole)- alt -(9,9-bis(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl)-2,7-fluorene)]diIodide (MPCFO-E), and poly[( N -(3′-(( N , N -dimethyl)- N -ethylAmmonium)propyl)-3,6-carbazole)- alt -(siloxane substituted-2,7-fluorene)]diIodide (MPCFS-E) were synthesized through copolymerization of carbazole units (featuring quaternized Ammonium Iodide groups) and fluorene units featuring flexible side chains (9,9-dioctylfluorene, ethylene oxide-substituted fluorene, and siloxane-substituted fluorene, respectively). The MPCFO-E/PEO-based and MPCFS-E/PEO-based DSSCs exhibited lower electrochemical resistances, superior photovoltaic (PV) properties, and improved PV stabilities relative to those of the corresponding PEO-based DSSC. Among the studied systems, the DSSC based on the MPCFO-E (0.5 wt.%)/PEO blend electrolyte exhibited the best PV performance, with a short current density of 4.97 mA cm^−2 and a photoenergy conversion efficiency of 1.17%.
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synthesis of quaternized Ammonium Iodide containing conjugated polymer electrolytes and their application in dye sensitized solar cells
2011Co-Authors: Rongho Lee, Jeneku Liu, Jhihwei Chang, Botau Liu, Hsingju Wang, Rujong JengAbstract:A series of conjugated polymer electrolytes (CPEs) comprising fluorene/carbazole or thiophene/carbazole backbones with quaternized Ammonium Iodide groups were synthesized and used in polymer solution and polymer gel electrolytes in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The photovoltaic (PV) performances became markedly poorer with increasing CPE content for the DSSCs based on polymer solution electrolytes. However, the PV performances were not significantly affected with increasing CPE content for the DSSCs fabricated from poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)/CPE blend-based gel-type electrolytes. Moreover, higher PV efficiencies and stabilities were obtained for the DSSCs based on PEO/CPE blend gel electrolytes as compared to the DSSCs based on PEO gel electrolyte. The electrochemical impedance and PV properties of the DSSCs based on polymer solution electrolytes and on polymer gel electrolytes were determined as a function of the CPE concentration. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Xurui Xiao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a novel polymer quaternary Ammonium Iodide and application in quasi solid state dye sensitized solar cells
2005Co-Authors: Junjie Kang, Shibi Fang, Yuan Lin, Guiqiang Wang, Xurui XiaoAbstract:Abstract The characteristics of electrolytes containing novel polymer quaternary Ammonium Iodide, polysiloxane with quaternary Ammonium side groups (PSQAS), were investigated. PSQAS exhibits a single-anionic conductivity and has special advantages over usually used Iodides in dye-sensitized solar cells. Electrolytes based on PSQAS exhibited the maximum ambient conductivity (25 °C) of 4.96 × 10−3 S cm−1. The polymer gel electrolyte based on PAN and PSQAS has been employed to fabricate quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell with an overall conversion efficiency of 2.67% at irradiation of 100 mW cm−2.
Atsushi Goto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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halogen bond driven supramolecular assemblies of quaternary Ammonium Iodide containing polymers in three phases
2021Co-Authors: Atsushi GotoAbstract:Summary Halogen bonding (XB) opens avenues to supramolecular assemblies. Here, we report XB-driven supramolecular assemblies of quaternary Ammonium Iodide (QAI)-containing polymers in three (solution, surface, and solid) phases. In the solution, QAI-containing block copolymers form unique self-assembly structures such as micrometer-sized giant vesicles (up to 5-μm diameter) and a 1-dimensional (1D) structure with multiple inter-vesicular linkages via XB. Exploiting the temperature dependence of XB strength, external molecules are successfully loaded and unloaded. On the surface, reversible XB crosslinking and decrosslinking of QAI-containing polymer brushes are achieved. The wettability of the polymer brush is finely tuned by the XB crosslinking density. In solid phase, QAI-containing monomers are co-crystalized (assembled) via XB. A polymer sheet is obtained via the solid-phase polymerization of the monomer co-crystal; the sheet enables capture and release of halogen-containing (XB-coordinating) guest molecules and thereby serves as an innovative host material.
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recyclable solid supported catalysts for quaternary Ammonium Iodide catalyzed living radical polymerization
2020Co-Authors: Chengang Wang, Jun Jie Chang, Ellendea Yong Jing Foo, Hiroshi Niino, Shunsuke Chatani, Shu Yao Hsu, Atsushi GotoAbstract:Quaternary Ammonium Iodide (R4N+I–) catalysts immobilized on silica particles, Fe3O4 magnetic particles, and organic resin particles were developed for organocatalyzed living radical polymerization...
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self catalyzed living radical polymerization using quaternary Ammonium Iodide containing monomers
2019Co-Authors: Chengang Wang, Xu Liu, Atsushi GotoAbstract:Self-catalyzed living radical polymerization using quaternary Ammonium Iodide (QAI)-containing monomers is reported. The monomer contains a polymerizable methacrylate or acrylate moiety and QAI as a catalytic moiety at the side chain. Several (functional) methacrylates and acrylates were successfully copolymerized with QAI-containing monomers without additional catalysts, generating QAI-containing copolymers. The obtained QAI-containing polymers were further used as catalytic macroinitiators, enabling self-catalyzed block polymerizations of various monomers without additional catalysts. This self-catalyzed living radical polymerization was also used to prepare a QAI-containing polymer brush on a solid surface. This technique is attractive for its wide range of amenable monomers and metal-free nature. The obtained QAI-containing polymers may find biomedical and antibacterial applications.
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Self-Catalyzed Living Radical Polymerization Using Quaternary-Ammonium-Iodide-Containing Monomers
2019Co-Authors: Chengang Wang, Xu Liu, Atsushi GotoAbstract:Self-catalyzed living radical polymerization using quaternary Ammonium Iodide (QAI)-containing monomers is reported. The monomer contains a polymerizable methacrylate or acrylate moiety and QAI as a catalytic moiety at the side chain. Several (functional) methacrylates and acrylates were successfully copolymerized with QAI-containing monomers without additional catalysts, generating QAI-containing copolymers. The obtained QAI-containing polymers were further used as catalytic macroinitiators, enabling self-catalyzed block polymerizations of various monomers without additional catalysts. This self-catalyzed living radical polymerization was also used to prepare a QAI-containing polymer brush on a solid surface. This technique is attractive for its wide range of amenable monomers and metal-free nature. The obtained QAI-containing polymers may find biomedical and antibacterial applications
Wenfu Lee - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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thermoreversible hydrogels xvi synthesis and swelling behaviors of n isopropylacrylamide co trimethyl acrylamidopropyl Ammonium Iodide co 3 dimethyl methacryloxyethyl Ammonium propane sulfonate copolymeric hydrogels in aqueous salt solution
2002Co-Authors: Wenfu Lee, Rujen ChiuAbstract:A series of copolymeric hydrogels were prepared from various molar ratios of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm), trimethyl acrylamidopropyl Ammonium Iodide (TMAAI), and 3-dimethyl (methacryloxyethyl) Ammonium propane sulfonate (DMAPS). The swelling behaviors of these copolymeric hydrogels were investigated in various saline solutions. The result showed that the phase transition temperatures of these gels changed insignificantly, and the thermosensitivity, in contrast, diminished. In the saline solution, results showed that the swelling ratio of pure NIPAAm gel did not significantly change with an increase in the salt concentration until the salt concentration was larger than 0.5 M. In addition, the copolymer gels exhibited polyelectrolytic behavior under lower salt concentration (10−5–10−1 M), exhibited a nonionic gel (like NIPAAm) behavior at the salt concentration from 0.1 to 0.5 M, and showed an antipolyelectrolytic behavior (polyzwitterionic effect) at a concentration of salt over 0.5 M.
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superabsorbent polymeric materials viii swelling behavior of crosslinked poly sodium acrylate co trimethyl methacryloyloxyethyl Ammonium Iodide in aqueous salt solutions
2001Co-Authors: Wenfu Lee, Guhsi LinAbstract:A series of xerogels based on sodium acrylate (SA), cationic comonomer, trimethyl methacryloyloxyethyl Ammonium Iodide (TMMAI), and N,N-methylene-bis-acrylamide (NMBA) were prepared by inverse suspension polymerization. The water absorbency and the swelling behavior for these high absorbent polymers in deionized water and various saline solutions were investigated. Results indicated that the water absorbency for the present copolymer gel increased when a small amount of TMMAI monomer was introduced into the SA gel, then decreased with increase in TMMAI content. The water absorbency was 583 g H2O/g for a gel sample in deionized water containing 2.5 × 10−3 molar fraction TMMAI. But a contrary result was observed for initial absorption rate, that is, the initial absorption rates increased with an increase of TMMAI in deionized water and 0.9 wt % NaCl solution. The absorbency in the chloride salt solution decreased with an increase in the ionic strength of the salt solution. Finally, the adsorption of copper ion by these gels was also investigated. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 79: 1665–1674, 2001
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superabsorbent polymeric materials vii swelling behavior of crosslinked poly sodium acrylate co trimethyl methacrylamido propyl Ammonium Iodide in aqueous salt solutions
2000Co-Authors: Wenfu Lee, Yulin HuangAbstract:A series of xerogels based on sodium acrylate (SA), cationic comonomer trimethyl methacrylamidopropyl Ammonium Iodide (TMMAAI), and N,N-methylene-bis-acrylamide (NMBA) were prepared by inverse suspension polymerization. The water absorbency and the swelling behavior for these highly absorbent polymers in deionized water and various saline solutions were investigated. Results indicated that the water absorbency increased when a small amount of TMMAAI monomer was introduced into the SA gel. The water absorbency decreased with increase in TMMAAI content, but the contrary result was observed for initial absorption rate. Moreover, with more crosslinking agent, the water absorbency was lower. Finally, the adsorption of copper ion by these gels was also investigated. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 1749–1759, 2000
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thermoreversible hydrogels 3 synthesis and swelling behavior of the n isopropylacrylamide co trimethylacrylamidopropyl Ammonium Iodide copolymeric hydrogels
1998Co-Authors: Wenfu Lee, Chenghawn HsuAbstract:Abstract In this study, a series of N -isopropylacrylamide/trimethyl acrylamidopropyl Ammonium Iodide (NIPAAm/TMAAI) copolymeric gels were prepared from the various molar ratios of NIPAAm, cationic monomer TMAAI, and N , N ′-methylene bisacrylamide (NMBA). The influences of the amount of the cationic monomer in the copolymeric gels on the swelling behaviors in water, various saline solutions, and various temperatures were investigated. Results showed that the swelling ratios of copolymeric gels were significantly larger than those of pure homopolymer NIPAAm gels, and the more the TMAAI content, the higher the gel transition temperature. In the saline solution, results showed that the swelling ratio of pure NIPAAm gel did not significantly change with an increase of the salt concentration until the salt concentration was greater than 0.1 M. The swelling ratios for the copolymeric gels NIPAAm/TMAAI were decreased with increasing of the salt concentration. In various saline solutions, results showed that the anionic effects were greater than cationic effects in the presence of common anion, different cations and common cation, different anions for these hydrogels
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thermoreversible hydrogel v synthesis and swelling behavior of the n isopropylacrylamide co trimethyl methacryloyloxyethyl Ammonium Iodide copolymeric hydrogels
1998Co-Authors: Wenfu Lee, Chenghawn HsuAbstract:A series of N-isopropylacrylamide/trimethyl methacryloyloxyethyl Ammonium Iodide (NIPAAm/TMMAI) copolymeric gels are prepared from the various molar ratios of NIPAAm, cationic monomer TMMAI, and N,N′-methylene bisacrylamide (NMBA) in this article. The influences of the amount of the cationic monomer in the copolymeric gels on the swelling behavior in water, various saline solutions, and various temperatures are investigated. Results show that the swelling ratios of copolymeric gels are significantly larger than those of pure homopolymer NIPAAm gel, and the more the TMMAI content, the higher the gel transition temperature. In the saline solution, results show that the swelling ratio of pure NIPAAm gel has not significantly changed with an increase of the salt concentration until the salt concentration is larger than 0.1M. The swelling ratios for the copolymeric gels NIPAAm/TMMAI decrease with increasing salt concentration. In various saline solutions, results show that the anionic effects are greater than cationic effects in the presence of common anion, different cations and common cation, and different anions for these hydrogels. Finally, we also tested the reversibility of the NIPAAm/TMMAI copolymeric gels. The deswelling and reswelling kinetics are dependent on the temperature, which is below or above the gel transition temperature. The gel with little TMMAI content has a good reversibility. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 69: 1793–1803, 1998
Junjie Kang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a novel polymer quaternary Ammonium Iodide and application in quasi solid state dye sensitized solar cells
2005Co-Authors: Junjie Kang, Shibi Fang, Yuan Lin, Guiqiang Wang, Xurui XiaoAbstract:Abstract The characteristics of electrolytes containing novel polymer quaternary Ammonium Iodide, polysiloxane with quaternary Ammonium side groups (PSQAS), were investigated. PSQAS exhibits a single-anionic conductivity and has special advantages over usually used Iodides in dye-sensitized solar cells. Electrolytes based on PSQAS exhibited the maximum ambient conductivity (25 °C) of 4.96 × 10−3 S cm−1. The polymer gel electrolyte based on PAN and PSQAS has been employed to fabricate quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell with an overall conversion efficiency of 2.67% at irradiation of 100 mW cm−2.