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Yoichi Kamagata - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • anaerolinea thermophila gen nov sp nov and caldilinea aerophila gen nov sp nov novel filamentous thermophiles that represent a previously uncultured lineage of the domain bacteria at the subphylum level
    International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 2003
    Co-Authors: Yuji Sekiguchi, Takeshi Yamada, Satoshi Hanada, Akiyoshi Ohashi, Hideki Harada, Yoichi Kamagata
    Abstract:

    Two thermophilic, Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, multicellular filamentous micro-Organisms were isolated from thermophilic granular sludge in an upflow Anaerobic sludge blanket reactor treating fried soybean-curd manufacturing waste water (strain UNI-1T) and from a hot spring sulfur-turf in Japan (strain STL-6-O1T). The filaments were longer than 100 μm and of 0·2–0·3 μm (strain UNI-1T) or 0·7–0·8 μm (strain STL-6-O1T) in width. Strain UNI-1T was a strictly Anaerobic Organism. The optimum temperature for growth was around 55 °C; growth occurred in the range 50–60 °C. The optimum pH for growth was around 7·0; growth occurred in the range pH 6·0–8·0. Strain STL-6-O1T was a facultatively aerobic bacterium. The optimum temperature for growth was around 55 °C; growth occurred in the range 37–65 °C. The optimum pH for growth was around 7·5–8·0; growth occurred in the range pH 7·0–9·0. The two Organisms grew chemo-organotrophically on a number of carbohydrates and amino acids in the presence of yeast extract. The G+C content of the DNA of strains UNI-1T and STL-6-O1T was 54·5 and 59·0 mol%, respectively. Major cellular fatty acids for strain UNI-1T were C16 : 0, C15 : 0, C14 : 0 and C18 : 0, whereas those for strain STL-6-O1T were C18 : 0, C16 : 0, C17 : 0 and iso-C17 : 0. MK-10 was the major quinone from aerobically grown STL-6-O1T cells. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rDNA sequences revealed that both strains belong to an uncultured, previously recognized clone lineage of the phylum Chloroflexi (formerly known as green non-sulfur bacteria). These phenotypic and genetic properties suggested that each strain should be classified into a new independent genus; hence, the names Anaerolinea thermophila and Caldilinea aerophila are proposed for strains UNI-1T (=JCM 11387T=DSM 14523T) and STL-6-O1T(=JCM 11388T=DSM 14525T), respectively. These strains represent the type and sole species of the genera Anaerolinea and Caldilinea, respectively.

Causing Acne Vulgaris - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Yuji Sekiguchi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • anaerolinea thermophila gen nov sp nov and caldilinea aerophila gen nov sp nov novel filamentous thermophiles that represent a previously uncultured lineage of the domain bacteria at the subphylum level
    International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 2003
    Co-Authors: Yuji Sekiguchi, Takeshi Yamada, Satoshi Hanada, Akiyoshi Ohashi, Hideki Harada, Yoichi Kamagata
    Abstract:

    Two thermophilic, Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, multicellular filamentous micro-Organisms were isolated from thermophilic granular sludge in an upflow Anaerobic sludge blanket reactor treating fried soybean-curd manufacturing waste water (strain UNI-1T) and from a hot spring sulfur-turf in Japan (strain STL-6-O1T). The filaments were longer than 100 μm and of 0·2–0·3 μm (strain UNI-1T) or 0·7–0·8 μm (strain STL-6-O1T) in width. Strain UNI-1T was a strictly Anaerobic Organism. The optimum temperature for growth was around 55 °C; growth occurred in the range 50–60 °C. The optimum pH for growth was around 7·0; growth occurred in the range pH 6·0–8·0. Strain STL-6-O1T was a facultatively aerobic bacterium. The optimum temperature for growth was around 55 °C; growth occurred in the range 37–65 °C. The optimum pH for growth was around 7·5–8·0; growth occurred in the range pH 7·0–9·0. The two Organisms grew chemo-organotrophically on a number of carbohydrates and amino acids in the presence of yeast extract. The G+C content of the DNA of strains UNI-1T and STL-6-O1T was 54·5 and 59·0 mol%, respectively. Major cellular fatty acids for strain UNI-1T were C16 : 0, C15 : 0, C14 : 0 and C18 : 0, whereas those for strain STL-6-O1T were C18 : 0, C16 : 0, C17 : 0 and iso-C17 : 0. MK-10 was the major quinone from aerobically grown STL-6-O1T cells. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rDNA sequences revealed that both strains belong to an uncultured, previously recognized clone lineage of the phylum Chloroflexi (formerly known as green non-sulfur bacteria). These phenotypic and genetic properties suggested that each strain should be classified into a new independent genus; hence, the names Anaerolinea thermophila and Caldilinea aerophila are proposed for strains UNI-1T (=JCM 11387T=DSM 14523T) and STL-6-O1T(=JCM 11388T=DSM 14525T), respectively. These strains represent the type and sole species of the genera Anaerolinea and Caldilinea, respectively.

Joshua D Rabinowitz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • systems level metabolic flux profiling elucidates a complete bifurcated tricarboxylic acid cycle in clostridium acetobutylicum
    Journal of Bacteriology, 2010
    Co-Authors: Daniel Amadornoguez, Xiao Jiang Feng, Jing Fan, Nathaniel Roquet, Herschel Rabitz, Joshua D Rabinowitz
    Abstract:

    Obligatory Anaerobic bacteria are major contributors to the overall metabolism of soil and the human gut. The metabolic pathways of these bacteria remain, however, poorly understood. Using isotope tracers, mass spectrometry, and quantitative flux modeling, here we directly map the metabolic pathways of Clostridium acetobutylicum, a soil bacterium whose major fermentation products include the biofuels butanol and hydrogen. While genome annotation suggests the absence of most tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle enzymes, our results demonstrate that this bacterium has a complete, albeit bifurcated, TCA cycle; oxaloacetate flows to succinate both through citrate/α-ketoglutarate and via malate/fumarate. Our investigations also yielded insights into the pathways utilized for glucose catabolism and amino acid biosynthesis and revealed that the Organism's one-carbon metabolism is distinct from that of model microbes, involving reversible pyruvate decarboxylation and the use of pyruvate as the one-carbon donor for biosynthetic reactions. This study represents the first in vivo characterization of the TCA cycle and central metabolism of C. acetobutylicum. Our results establish a role for the full TCA cycle in an obligatory Anaerobic Organism and demonstrate the importance of complementing genome annotation with isotope tracer studies for determining the metabolic pathways of diverse microbes.

Lisa Gambicorti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • photochemical synthesis of citric acid cycle intermediates based on titanium dioxide
    Astrobiology, 2011
    Co-Authors: Raffaele Saladino, J R Ucato, Antonio De Sio, Giorgia Otta, E Di Pace, Lisa Gambicorti
    Abstract:

    Abstract The emergence of the citric acid cycle is one of the most remarkable occurrences with regard to understanding the origin and evolution of metabolic pathways. Although the chemical steps of the cycle are preserved intact throughout nature, diverse Organisms make wide use of its chemistry, and in some cases Organisms use only a selected portion of the cycle. However, the origins of this cycle would have arisen in the more primitive Anaerobic Organism or even back in the proto-metabolism, which likely arose spontaneously under favorable prebiotic chemical conditions. In this context, we report that UV irradiation of formamide in the presence of titanium dioxide afforded 6 of the 11 carboxylic acid intermediates of the reductive version of the citric acid cycle. Since this cycle is the central metabolic pathway of contemporary biology, this report highlights the role of photochemical processes in the origin of the metabolic apparatus. Key Words: Catalysis—UV radiation—Metabolism—Origin of life—Prebio...