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Nikolaus J Sucher - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • an in vitro study of anti inflammatory activity of standardised andrographis paniculata extracts and pure Andrographolide
    BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2015
    Co-Authors: Mitchell Low, Cheang S Khoo, Gerald Munch, Suresh Govindaraghavan, Nikolaus J Sucher
    Abstract:

    The anti-inflammatory activity of Andrographis paniculata (Acanthaceae), a traditional medicine widely used in Asia, is commonly attributed to Andrographolide, its main secondary metabolite. Commercial A. paniculata extracts are standardised to Andrographolide content. We undertook the present study to investigate 1) how selective enrichment of Andrographolide in commercial A. paniculata extracts affects the variability of non-standardised phytochemical components and 2) if variability in the non-standardised components of the extract affects the pharmacological activity of Andrographolide itself. We characterized 12 commercial, standardised (≥30% Andrographolide) batches of A. paniculata extracts from India by HPLC profiling. We determined the antioxidant capacity of the extracts using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, oxygen radical antioxidant capacity (ORAC) and a Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) antioxidant assays. Their anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by assaying their inhibitory effect on the release of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the human monocytic cell line THP-1. The Andrographolide content in the samples was close to the claimed value (32.2 ± 2.1%, range 27.5 to 35.9%). Twenty-one non-standardised constituents exhibited more than 2-fold variation in HPLC peak intensities in the tested batches. The chlorogenic acid content of the batches varied more than 30-fold. The DPPH free radical scavenging activity varied ~3-fold, the ORAC and FC antioxidant capacity varied ~1.5 fold among batches. In contrast, the TNF-α inhibitory activity of the extracts exhibited little variation and comparison with pure Andrographolide indicated that it was mostly due to their Andrographolide content. Standardised A. paniculata extracts contained the claimed amount of Andrographolide but exhibited considerable phytochemical background variation. DPPH radical scavenging activity of the extracts was mostly due to the flavonoid/phenlycarboxylic acid compounds in the extracts. The inhibitory effect of Andrographolide on the release of TNF-α was little affected by the quantitative variation of the non-standardised constituents.

  • An in vitro study of anti-inflammatory activity of standardised Andrographis paniculata extracts and pure Andrographolide
    BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2015
    Co-Authors: Cheang S Khoo, Gerald Munch, Suresh Govindaraghavan, Nikolaus J Sucher
    Abstract:

    Background The anti-inflammatory activity of Andrographis paniculata (Acanthaceae), a traditional medicine widely used in Asia, is commonly attributed to Andrographolide, its main secondary metabolite. Commercial A. paniculata extracts are standardised to Andrographolide content. We undertook the present study to investigate 1) how selective enrichment of Andrographolide in commercial A. paniculata extracts affects the variability of non-standardised phytochemical components and 2) if variability in the non-standardised components of the extract affects the pharmacological activity of Andrographolide itself. Methods We characterized 12 commercial, standardised (≥30% Andrographolide) batches of A. paniculata extracts from India by HPLC profiling. We determined the antioxidant capacity of the extracts using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, oxygen radical antioxidant capacity (ORAC) and a Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) antioxidant assays. Their anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by assaying their inhibitory effect on the release of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the human monocytic cell line THP-1. Results The Andrographolide content in the samples was close to the claimed value (32.2 ± 2.1%, range 27.5 to 35.9%). Twenty-one non-standardised constituents exhibited more than 2-fold variation in HPLC peak intensities in the tested batches. The chlorogenic acid content of the batches varied more than 30-fold. The DPPH free radical scavenging activity varied ~3-fold, the ORAC and FC antioxidant capacity varied ~1.5 fold among batches. In contrast, the TNF-α inhibitory activity of the extracts exhibited little variation and comparison with pure Andrographolide indicated that it was mostly due to their Andrographolide content. Conclusions Standardised A. paniculata extracts contained the claimed amount of Andrographolide but exhibited considerable phytochemical background variation. DPPH radical scavenging activity of the extracts was mostly due to the flavonoid/phenlycarboxylic acid compounds in the extracts. The inhibitory effect of Andrographolide on the release of TNF-α was little affected by the quantitative variation of the non-standardised constituents.

Cheang S Khoo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • an in vitro study of anti inflammatory activity of standardised andrographis paniculata extracts and pure Andrographolide
    BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2015
    Co-Authors: Mitchell Low, Cheang S Khoo, Gerald Munch, Suresh Govindaraghavan, Nikolaus J Sucher
    Abstract:

    The anti-inflammatory activity of Andrographis paniculata (Acanthaceae), a traditional medicine widely used in Asia, is commonly attributed to Andrographolide, its main secondary metabolite. Commercial A. paniculata extracts are standardised to Andrographolide content. We undertook the present study to investigate 1) how selective enrichment of Andrographolide in commercial A. paniculata extracts affects the variability of non-standardised phytochemical components and 2) if variability in the non-standardised components of the extract affects the pharmacological activity of Andrographolide itself. We characterized 12 commercial, standardised (≥30% Andrographolide) batches of A. paniculata extracts from India by HPLC profiling. We determined the antioxidant capacity of the extracts using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, oxygen radical antioxidant capacity (ORAC) and a Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) antioxidant assays. Their anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by assaying their inhibitory effect on the release of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the human monocytic cell line THP-1. The Andrographolide content in the samples was close to the claimed value (32.2 ± 2.1%, range 27.5 to 35.9%). Twenty-one non-standardised constituents exhibited more than 2-fold variation in HPLC peak intensities in the tested batches. The chlorogenic acid content of the batches varied more than 30-fold. The DPPH free radical scavenging activity varied ~3-fold, the ORAC and FC antioxidant capacity varied ~1.5 fold among batches. In contrast, the TNF-α inhibitory activity of the extracts exhibited little variation and comparison with pure Andrographolide indicated that it was mostly due to their Andrographolide content. Standardised A. paniculata extracts contained the claimed amount of Andrographolide but exhibited considerable phytochemical background variation. DPPH radical scavenging activity of the extracts was mostly due to the flavonoid/phenlycarboxylic acid compounds in the extracts. The inhibitory effect of Andrographolide on the release of TNF-α was little affected by the quantitative variation of the non-standardised constituents.

  • An in vitro study of anti-inflammatory activity of standardised Andrographis paniculata extracts and pure Andrographolide
    BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2015
    Co-Authors: Cheang S Khoo, Gerald Munch, Suresh Govindaraghavan, Nikolaus J Sucher
    Abstract:

    Background The anti-inflammatory activity of Andrographis paniculata (Acanthaceae), a traditional medicine widely used in Asia, is commonly attributed to Andrographolide, its main secondary metabolite. Commercial A. paniculata extracts are standardised to Andrographolide content. We undertook the present study to investigate 1) how selective enrichment of Andrographolide in commercial A. paniculata extracts affects the variability of non-standardised phytochemical components and 2) if variability in the non-standardised components of the extract affects the pharmacological activity of Andrographolide itself. Methods We characterized 12 commercial, standardised (≥30% Andrographolide) batches of A. paniculata extracts from India by HPLC profiling. We determined the antioxidant capacity of the extracts using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, oxygen radical antioxidant capacity (ORAC) and a Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) antioxidant assays. Their anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by assaying their inhibitory effect on the release of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the human monocytic cell line THP-1. Results The Andrographolide content in the samples was close to the claimed value (32.2 ± 2.1%, range 27.5 to 35.9%). Twenty-one non-standardised constituents exhibited more than 2-fold variation in HPLC peak intensities in the tested batches. The chlorogenic acid content of the batches varied more than 30-fold. The DPPH free radical scavenging activity varied ~3-fold, the ORAC and FC antioxidant capacity varied ~1.5 fold among batches. In contrast, the TNF-α inhibitory activity of the extracts exhibited little variation and comparison with pure Andrographolide indicated that it was mostly due to their Andrographolide content. Conclusions Standardised A. paniculata extracts contained the claimed amount of Andrographolide but exhibited considerable phytochemical background variation. DPPH radical scavenging activity of the extracts was mostly due to the flavonoid/phenlycarboxylic acid compounds in the extracts. The inhibitory effect of Andrographolide on the release of TNF-α was little affected by the quantitative variation of the non-standardised constituents.

Suresh Govindaraghavan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • an in vitro study of anti inflammatory activity of standardised andrographis paniculata extracts and pure Andrographolide
    BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2015
    Co-Authors: Mitchell Low, Cheang S Khoo, Gerald Munch, Suresh Govindaraghavan, Nikolaus J Sucher
    Abstract:

    The anti-inflammatory activity of Andrographis paniculata (Acanthaceae), a traditional medicine widely used in Asia, is commonly attributed to Andrographolide, its main secondary metabolite. Commercial A. paniculata extracts are standardised to Andrographolide content. We undertook the present study to investigate 1) how selective enrichment of Andrographolide in commercial A. paniculata extracts affects the variability of non-standardised phytochemical components and 2) if variability in the non-standardised components of the extract affects the pharmacological activity of Andrographolide itself. We characterized 12 commercial, standardised (≥30% Andrographolide) batches of A. paniculata extracts from India by HPLC profiling. We determined the antioxidant capacity of the extracts using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, oxygen radical antioxidant capacity (ORAC) and a Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) antioxidant assays. Their anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by assaying their inhibitory effect on the release of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the human monocytic cell line THP-1. The Andrographolide content in the samples was close to the claimed value (32.2 ± 2.1%, range 27.5 to 35.9%). Twenty-one non-standardised constituents exhibited more than 2-fold variation in HPLC peak intensities in the tested batches. The chlorogenic acid content of the batches varied more than 30-fold. The DPPH free radical scavenging activity varied ~3-fold, the ORAC and FC antioxidant capacity varied ~1.5 fold among batches. In contrast, the TNF-α inhibitory activity of the extracts exhibited little variation and comparison with pure Andrographolide indicated that it was mostly due to their Andrographolide content. Standardised A. paniculata extracts contained the claimed amount of Andrographolide but exhibited considerable phytochemical background variation. DPPH radical scavenging activity of the extracts was mostly due to the flavonoid/phenlycarboxylic acid compounds in the extracts. The inhibitory effect of Andrographolide on the release of TNF-α was little affected by the quantitative variation of the non-standardised constituents.

  • An in vitro study of anti-inflammatory activity of standardised Andrographis paniculata extracts and pure Andrographolide
    BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2015
    Co-Authors: Cheang S Khoo, Gerald Munch, Suresh Govindaraghavan, Nikolaus J Sucher
    Abstract:

    Background The anti-inflammatory activity of Andrographis paniculata (Acanthaceae), a traditional medicine widely used in Asia, is commonly attributed to Andrographolide, its main secondary metabolite. Commercial A. paniculata extracts are standardised to Andrographolide content. We undertook the present study to investigate 1) how selective enrichment of Andrographolide in commercial A. paniculata extracts affects the variability of non-standardised phytochemical components and 2) if variability in the non-standardised components of the extract affects the pharmacological activity of Andrographolide itself. Methods We characterized 12 commercial, standardised (≥30% Andrographolide) batches of A. paniculata extracts from India by HPLC profiling. We determined the antioxidant capacity of the extracts using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, oxygen radical antioxidant capacity (ORAC) and a Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) antioxidant assays. Their anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by assaying their inhibitory effect on the release of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the human monocytic cell line THP-1. Results The Andrographolide content in the samples was close to the claimed value (32.2 ± 2.1%, range 27.5 to 35.9%). Twenty-one non-standardised constituents exhibited more than 2-fold variation in HPLC peak intensities in the tested batches. The chlorogenic acid content of the batches varied more than 30-fold. The DPPH free radical scavenging activity varied ~3-fold, the ORAC and FC antioxidant capacity varied ~1.5 fold among batches. In contrast, the TNF-α inhibitory activity of the extracts exhibited little variation and comparison with pure Andrographolide indicated that it was mostly due to their Andrographolide content. Conclusions Standardised A. paniculata extracts contained the claimed amount of Andrographolide but exhibited considerable phytochemical background variation. DPPH radical scavenging activity of the extracts was mostly due to the flavonoid/phenlycarboxylic acid compounds in the extracts. The inhibitory effect of Andrographolide on the release of TNF-α was little affected by the quantitative variation of the non-standardised constituents.

Gerald Munch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • an in vitro study of anti inflammatory activity of standardised andrographis paniculata extracts and pure Andrographolide
    BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2015
    Co-Authors: Mitchell Low, Cheang S Khoo, Gerald Munch, Suresh Govindaraghavan, Nikolaus J Sucher
    Abstract:

    The anti-inflammatory activity of Andrographis paniculata (Acanthaceae), a traditional medicine widely used in Asia, is commonly attributed to Andrographolide, its main secondary metabolite. Commercial A. paniculata extracts are standardised to Andrographolide content. We undertook the present study to investigate 1) how selective enrichment of Andrographolide in commercial A. paniculata extracts affects the variability of non-standardised phytochemical components and 2) if variability in the non-standardised components of the extract affects the pharmacological activity of Andrographolide itself. We characterized 12 commercial, standardised (≥30% Andrographolide) batches of A. paniculata extracts from India by HPLC profiling. We determined the antioxidant capacity of the extracts using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, oxygen radical antioxidant capacity (ORAC) and a Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) antioxidant assays. Their anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by assaying their inhibitory effect on the release of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the human monocytic cell line THP-1. The Andrographolide content in the samples was close to the claimed value (32.2 ± 2.1%, range 27.5 to 35.9%). Twenty-one non-standardised constituents exhibited more than 2-fold variation in HPLC peak intensities in the tested batches. The chlorogenic acid content of the batches varied more than 30-fold. The DPPH free radical scavenging activity varied ~3-fold, the ORAC and FC antioxidant capacity varied ~1.5 fold among batches. In contrast, the TNF-α inhibitory activity of the extracts exhibited little variation and comparison with pure Andrographolide indicated that it was mostly due to their Andrographolide content. Standardised A. paniculata extracts contained the claimed amount of Andrographolide but exhibited considerable phytochemical background variation. DPPH radical scavenging activity of the extracts was mostly due to the flavonoid/phenlycarboxylic acid compounds in the extracts. The inhibitory effect of Andrographolide on the release of TNF-α was little affected by the quantitative variation of the non-standardised constituents.

  • An in vitro study of anti-inflammatory activity of standardised Andrographis paniculata extracts and pure Andrographolide
    BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2015
    Co-Authors: Cheang S Khoo, Gerald Munch, Suresh Govindaraghavan, Nikolaus J Sucher
    Abstract:

    Background The anti-inflammatory activity of Andrographis paniculata (Acanthaceae), a traditional medicine widely used in Asia, is commonly attributed to Andrographolide, its main secondary metabolite. Commercial A. paniculata extracts are standardised to Andrographolide content. We undertook the present study to investigate 1) how selective enrichment of Andrographolide in commercial A. paniculata extracts affects the variability of non-standardised phytochemical components and 2) if variability in the non-standardised components of the extract affects the pharmacological activity of Andrographolide itself. Methods We characterized 12 commercial, standardised (≥30% Andrographolide) batches of A. paniculata extracts from India by HPLC profiling. We determined the antioxidant capacity of the extracts using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, oxygen radical antioxidant capacity (ORAC) and a Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) antioxidant assays. Their anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by assaying their inhibitory effect on the release of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the human monocytic cell line THP-1. Results The Andrographolide content in the samples was close to the claimed value (32.2 ± 2.1%, range 27.5 to 35.9%). Twenty-one non-standardised constituents exhibited more than 2-fold variation in HPLC peak intensities in the tested batches. The chlorogenic acid content of the batches varied more than 30-fold. The DPPH free radical scavenging activity varied ~3-fold, the ORAC and FC antioxidant capacity varied ~1.5 fold among batches. In contrast, the TNF-α inhibitory activity of the extracts exhibited little variation and comparison with pure Andrographolide indicated that it was mostly due to their Andrographolide content. Conclusions Standardised A. paniculata extracts contained the claimed amount of Andrographolide but exhibited considerable phytochemical background variation. DPPH radical scavenging activity of the extracts was mostly due to the flavonoid/phenlycarboxylic acid compounds in the extracts. The inhibitory effect of Andrographolide on the release of TNF-α was little affected by the quantitative variation of the non-standardised constituents.

Yang Sun - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Andrographolide sulfonate ameliorates lipopolysaccharide induced acute lung injury in mice by down regulating mapk and nf κb pathways
    Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B, 2016
    Co-Authors: Shuang Peng, Chunhong Jiang, Xiaoling Yang, Wen Liu, Wenjie Guo, Nan Hang, Yang Sun
    Abstract:

    Acute lung injury (ALI) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe, life-threatening medical condition characterized by widespread inflammation in the lungs, and is a significant source of morbidity and mortality in the patient population. New therapies for the treatment of ALI are desperately needed. In the present study, we examined the effect of Andrographolide sulfonate, a water-soluble form of Andrographolide (trade name: Xi-Yan-Ping Injection), on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI and inflammation. Andrographolide sulfonate was administered by intraperitoneal injection to mice with LPS-induced ALI. LPS-induced airway inflammatory cell recruitment and lung histological alterations were significantly ameliorated by Andrographolide sulfonate. Protein levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum were reduced by Andrographolide sulfonate administration. mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in lung tissue were also suppressed. Moreover, Andrographolide sulfonate markedly suppressed the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) as well as p65 subunit of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). In summary, these results suggest that Andrographolide sulfonate ameliorated LPS-induced ALI in mice by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK-mediated inflammatory responses. Our study shows that water-soluble Andrographolide sulfonate may represent a new therapeutic approach for treating inflammatory lung disorders.

  • Andrographolide sulfonate ameliorates experimental colitis in mice by inhibiting th1 th17 response
    International Immunopharmacology, 2014
    Co-Authors: Wen Liu, Xiaoling Yang, Wenjie Guo, Lele Guo, Peifen Cai, Ning Xie, Yongqian Shu, Yang Sun
    Abstract:

    Abstract Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, relapsing and remitting condition of inflammation involves overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and excessive functions of inflammatory cells. However, current treatments for IBD may have potential adverse effects including steroid dependence, infections and lymphoma. Therefore new therapies for the treatment of IBD are desperately needed. In the present study, we aimed to examine the effect of Andrographolide sulfonate, a water-soluble form of Andrographolide (trade name: Xi-Yan-Ping Injection), on murine experimental colitis induced by 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). Andrographolide sulfonate was administrated through intraperitoneal injection to mice with TNBS-induced colitis. TNBS-induced body weight loss, myeloperoxidase activity, shortening of the colon and colonic inflammation were significantly ameliorated by Andrographolide sulfonate. Both the mRNA and protein levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were reduced by Andrographolide sulfonate administration. Moreover, Andrographolide sulfonate markedly suppressed the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase as well as p65 subunit of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). Furthermore, CD4 + T cell infiltration as well as the differentiation of Th1 (CD4 + IFN-γ + ) and Th17 (CD4 + IL17A + ) subset were inhibited by Andrographolide sulfonate. In summary, these results suggest that Andrographolide sulfonate ameliorated TNBS-induced colitis in mice through inhibiting Th1/Th17 response. Our study shows that water-soluble Andrographolide sulfonate may represent a new therapeutic approach for treating gastrointestinal inflammatory disorders.