The Experts below are selected from a list of 237 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Marko Topič - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Design challenges for light harvesting in photovoltaic devices
Photonics for Solar Energy Systems VI, 2016Co-Authors: Marko Topič, Andrej Campa, Marko Jošt, Martin Sever, Miha Filipič, Ziga Lokar, Benjamin Lipovšek, Janez KrčAbstract:Device modelling and characterization are indispensable tools in the design of photovoltaic devices. In the contribution we present two challenging issues related to accurate modelling and efficient characterization of light scattering at nanotextured interfaces or other nanophotonic structures used in solar cell technologies. The model based on finite element method, which is upgraded with the Huygens’ expansion theorem is presented. It enables to calculate the Angular Distribution Function of scattered light in the near and far field. It accounts also for the antireflection effects originating from nanoroughnesses. To characterize scattered light efficiently a camera based Angular resolved spectroscopy system is presented. It captures the spatial Angular Distribution Function in broad Angular range at one shot.
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Potential of thin-film silicon solar cells by using high haze TCO superstrates
Thin Solid Films, 2010Co-Authors: Janez Krč, Andrej Campa, Benjamin Lipovšek, Matevz Bokalic, Takuji Oyama, M. Kambe, Takuya Matsui, Hitoshi Sai, Michio Kondo, Marko TopičAbstract:Abstract Potential improvements in the performance of tandem amorphous silicon/microcrystalline silicon (a-Si:H/μc-Si:H) solar cells, related to the TCO superstrates with enhanced scattering properties are studied. In particular, optical effects of a high haze double textured (W-textured) SnO2:F TCO superstrate are analyzed and compared to the properties of the pyramidal type SnO2:F TCO superstrate. Solar cell with W-textured superstrate exhibits higher long-wavelength external quantum efficiency of the bottom μc-Si:H cell than the one with pyramidal type TCO superstrate. Optical simulations are employed to study the potential improvements of the solar cell performance if ideal haze parameter (H = 1) and/or a broad Angular Distribution Function (Lambertian) of scattered light are applied to textured interfaces in the solar cell structure. Simulations reveal significant improvements in long-wavelength quantum efficiencies if a broad Angular Distribution Function of scattered light is applied. Optical losses in the cells with enhanced scattering properties are analysed and evaluated in terms of short-circuit current losses in the supporting layers and losses due to reflected light.
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Potential of optical design in tandem micromorph silicon solar cells
Photonics for Solar Energy Systems, 2006Co-Authors: Janez Krč, Franc Smole, Andrej Campa, Marko TopičAbstract:The potential of three advanced optical designs in tandem micromorph silicon solar cells are analysed by means of optical simulations: enhanced light scattering, intermediate reflector (interlayer) and antireflective coating (ARC) on glass. The effects on quantum efficiency, QE, and short circuit current density, JSC, of the top and bottom cell are investigated. In case of enhanced light scattering, the role of haze parameter and Angular Distribution Function of scattered light is analysed separately. High haze parameter improves light trapping in top and bottom cell. However, the improvement in QE and JSC of the bottom cell is limited at higher haze parameters due to increased absorption in top cell and increased optical losses in realistic textured ZnO/Ag back contact. Broad ADF plays an important role for improving the performances of both, top and bottom cell. The role of refractive index of an interlayer between top and bottom cell is analysed. Significant increases in QE and JSC of the top cell are revealed for small refractive indexes of the interlayer (n < 2.0). At the same time noticeable decrease in the performance of the bottom cell is observed. Optimisation of thickness and refractive index of a single-layer ARC on glass is carried out in order to obtain maximal JSC either in top or in bottom cell. Moderate increases in JSC and QE are obtained for optimised ARC parameters. Among the three optical designs, the greatest potential, considering the improvements in both cells, is revealed for enhanced light scattering.
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Optical modelling of thin-film silicon solar cells deposited on textured substrates
Thin Solid Films, 2004Co-Authors: Miro Zeman, Franc Smole, Marko TopičAbstract:Abstract Optical modelling is used to investigate effects of light scattering in amorphous silicon and microcrystalline silicon solar cells. The role of enhanced haze parameter and different Angular Distribution Function of scattered light is analyzed. Results of optical simulation show that enhanced haze parameter compared to that of Asahi U-type SnO 2 :F does not improve external quantum efficiency and short-circuit current density of amorphous silicon solar cell significantly, whereas for microcrystalline silicon solar cell the improvement is larger. Angular Distribution Function affects the external quantum efficiency and the short-circuit current density significantly.
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Study of enhanced light scattering in microcrystalline silicon solar cells
Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 2004Co-Authors: Janez Krč, Franc Smole, Marko TopičAbstract:Effects of an enhanced haze parameter and the Angular Distribution Function of scattered light are analyzed in a single-junction microcrystalline silicon solar cell by means of optical modeling. Hypothetical high haze parameters and different Angular Distribution Functions are introduced to study the role of efficient light trapping. Improvements in external quantum efficiency and short-circuit current density of the solar cell are predicted. Potential thickness reductions of the absorber layer are calculated.
Alex W. K. Mok - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Angular Distributions in the radiative decays of the $$^3\varvec{D}_3$$
The European Physical Journal C, 2015Co-Authors: Cheuk-ping Wong, Alex W. K. Mok, Wai-yu SitAbstract:Using the helicity formalism, we calculate the combined Angular Distribution Function of the two gamma photons ( $$\gamma _1$$ γ 1 and $$\gamma _2$$ γ 2 ) and the electron ( $$e^-$$ e - ) in the triple cascade process $$\bar{p}p\rightarrow {}^3D_3\rightarrow {}^3P_2+\gamma _1\rightarrow (\psi +\gamma _2) +\gamma _1 \rightarrow (e^- + e^+) +\gamma _2 +\gamma _1$$ p ¯ p → 3 D 3 → 3 P 2 + γ 1 → ( ψ + γ 2 ) + γ 1 → ( e - + e + ) + γ 2 + γ 1 , when $$\bar{p}$$ p ¯ and $$p$$ p are arbitrarily polarized. We also derive six different partially integrated Angular Distribution Functions which give the Angular Distributions of one or two particles in the final state. Our results show that by measuring the two-particle Angular Distribution of $$\gamma _1$$ γ 1 and $$\gamma _2$$ γ 2 and that of $$\gamma _2$$ γ 2 and $$e^-$$ e - , one can determine the relative magnitudes as well as the relative phases of all the helicity amplitudes in the two charmonium radiative transitions $${}^3D_3\rightarrow {}^3P_2+\gamma _1$$ 3 D 3 → 3 P 2 + γ 1 and $$^3P_2\rightarrow \psi +\gamma _2$$ 3 P 2 → ψ + γ 2 .
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Angular Distributions in the radiative decays of the \(^3\varvec{D}_3\) state of charmonium originating from polarized \(\varvec{\bar{p}p}\) collisions
The European Physical Journal C, 2015Co-Authors: Cheuk-ping Wong, Alex W. K. Mok, Wai-yu SitAbstract:Using the helicity formalism, we calculate the combined Angular Distribution Function of the two gamma photons (\(\gamma _1\) and \(\gamma _2\)) and the electron (\(e^-\)) in the triple cascade process \(\bar{p}p\rightarrow {}^3D_3\rightarrow {}^3P_2+\gamma _1\rightarrow (\psi +\gamma _2) +\gamma _1 \rightarrow (e^- + e^+) +\gamma _2 +\gamma _1\), when \(\bar{p}\) and \(p\) are arbitrarily polarized. We also derive six different partially integrated Angular Distribution Functions which give the Angular Distributions of one or two particles in the final state. Our results show that by measuring the two-particle Angular Distribution of \(\gamma _1\) and \(\gamma _2\) and that of \(\gamma _2\) and \(e^-\), one can determine the relative magnitudes as well as the relative phases of all the helicity amplitudes in the two charmonium radiative transitions \({}^3D_3\rightarrow {}^3P_2+\gamma _1\) and \(^3P_2\rightarrow \psi +\gamma _2\).
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Angular Distribution Functions in the decays of the 3 D 3 state of charmonium originating from unpolarized overline{p}p collisions
Journal of High Energy Physics, 2012Co-Authors: Alex W. K. Mok, Cheuk-ping Wong, Wai-yu SitAbstract:Using the helicity formalism, we calculate the combined Angular Distribution Function of the two photons (γ1 and γ2) and electron (e −) in the cascade process $\overline{p}p\to {}^3{D_3}\to {}^3{P_2}+{\gamma_1}\to \left( {\psi +{\gamma_2}} \right)+{\gamma_1}\to \left( {{e^{+}}+{e^{-}}} \right)+{\gamma_2}+{\gamma_1}$ ,when $\overline{p}$ and p are unpolarized. We also derive six different partially integrated Angular Distribution Functions which give the Angular Distributions of one or two particles in the final state. Once the Angular Distributions are measured, our expressions will enable one to determine the relative magnitudes as well as the cosines of the relative phases of all the Angular-momentum helicity amplitudes in the radiative decay processes 3 D 3 → 3 P 2 + γ1 and 3 P 2 → ψ + γ2.
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Polarized Angular Distributions in the decays of the singlet D2 state of charmonium originating from \(\bar{p}p\) collisions
The European Physical Journal C, 2011Co-Authors: Alex W. K. Mok, Man-fung ChowAbstract:Using the helicity formalism, we calculate the combined Angular Distribution Function of the neutral pion (π0) and the polarized electron (e−) and photon (γ) produced in the triple cascade process \(\bar{p}+p\rightarrow{}^{1}D_{2}\rightarrow{}^{1}P_{1}+\gamma\rightarrow(\psi +\pi^{0})+\gamma \rightarrow(e^{-}+e^{+})+\pi^{0}+\gamma\), when \(\bar{p}\) and p are unpolarized. We also present the partially integrated Angular Distribution Functions in three different cases where the combined Angular Distribution Function of the three particles is integrated over the direction of one of the particles. Our results show that by measuring the two-particle Angular Distribution of the electron and the photon with the polarization of either particle, one can determine the relative magnitudes as well as the relative phases of all the Angular-momentum helicity amplitudes in the two decay processes 1D2→1P1+γ and 1P1→ψ+π0.
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Angular Distributions in the decays of the triplet D _2 state of charmonium directly produced in polarized proton–antiproton collisions
The European Physical Journal C, 2009Co-Authors: Alex W. K. Mok, K. J. SebastianAbstract:Using the helicity formalism, we calculate the combined Angular Distribution Function of the two gamma photons and the electron in the cascade process ${\bar{p}p}\to{}^{3}{D}_{2}\to\chi_{J}+\gamma_{1}\to(\psi +\gamma_{2})+\gamma_{1}\to({e}^{+}+{e}^{-})+\gamma_{1}+\gamma_{2}$ ( J =0,1,2), when ${\bar{p}}$ and p are arbitrarily polarized. We also present the partially integrated Angular Distribution Functions in six different cases. Our results show that by measuring the two-particle Angular Distribution of γ _1 and γ _2 and that of γ _1 and e ^−, one can determine the relative magnitudes as well as the relative phases of all the helicity amplitudes in the two radiative decay processes ^3 D _2→ χ _ J + γ _1 and χ _ J → ψ + γ _2.
Janez Krč - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Design challenges for light harvesting in photovoltaic devices
Photonics for Solar Energy Systems VI, 2016Co-Authors: Marko Topič, Andrej Campa, Marko Jošt, Martin Sever, Miha Filipič, Ziga Lokar, Benjamin Lipovšek, Janez KrčAbstract:Device modelling and characterization are indispensable tools in the design of photovoltaic devices. In the contribution we present two challenging issues related to accurate modelling and efficient characterization of light scattering at nanotextured interfaces or other nanophotonic structures used in solar cell technologies. The model based on finite element method, which is upgraded with the Huygens’ expansion theorem is presented. It enables to calculate the Angular Distribution Function of scattered light in the near and far field. It accounts also for the antireflection effects originating from nanoroughnesses. To characterize scattered light efficiently a camera based Angular resolved spectroscopy system is presented. It captures the spatial Angular Distribution Function in broad Angular range at one shot.
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Potential of thin-film silicon solar cells by using high haze TCO superstrates
Thin Solid Films, 2010Co-Authors: Janez Krč, Andrej Campa, Benjamin Lipovšek, Matevz Bokalic, Takuji Oyama, M. Kambe, Takuya Matsui, Hitoshi Sai, Michio Kondo, Marko TopičAbstract:Abstract Potential improvements in the performance of tandem amorphous silicon/microcrystalline silicon (a-Si:H/μc-Si:H) solar cells, related to the TCO superstrates with enhanced scattering properties are studied. In particular, optical effects of a high haze double textured (W-textured) SnO2:F TCO superstrate are analyzed and compared to the properties of the pyramidal type SnO2:F TCO superstrate. Solar cell with W-textured superstrate exhibits higher long-wavelength external quantum efficiency of the bottom μc-Si:H cell than the one with pyramidal type TCO superstrate. Optical simulations are employed to study the potential improvements of the solar cell performance if ideal haze parameter (H = 1) and/or a broad Angular Distribution Function (Lambertian) of scattered light are applied to textured interfaces in the solar cell structure. Simulations reveal significant improvements in long-wavelength quantum efficiencies if a broad Angular Distribution Function of scattered light is applied. Optical losses in the cells with enhanced scattering properties are analysed and evaluated in terms of short-circuit current losses in the supporting layers and losses due to reflected light.
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Optical and electrical modeling of Cu(In,Ga)Se_2 solar cells
Optical and Quantum Electronics, 2006Co-Authors: Janez Krč, Franc Smole, Andrej Campa, G. Cernivec, J. Malmström, M. Edoff, M. TopicAbstract:In this work numerical modeling of Cu(In,Ga)Se_2 (CIGS) thin-film solar cells is presented. The main features of the optical simulator SunShine and the electrical simulator Aspin that are used for solar cell analysis are demonstrated. Modeling of light scattering at rough interfaces in the solar cell structures is described. The two descriptive scattering parameters that are used in optical simulations are the haze parameter and the Angular Distribution Function of scattered light. The results of optical and electrical simulations of a thin CIGS solar cell with an absorber layer thickness of 360 nm are presented. The calculated external parameters of the solar cell are verified with the experimental data.
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Potential of optical design in tandem micromorph silicon solar cells
Photonics for Solar Energy Systems, 2006Co-Authors: Janez Krč, Franc Smole, Andrej Campa, Marko TopičAbstract:The potential of three advanced optical designs in tandem micromorph silicon solar cells are analysed by means of optical simulations: enhanced light scattering, intermediate reflector (interlayer) and antireflective coating (ARC) on glass. The effects on quantum efficiency, QE, and short circuit current density, JSC, of the top and bottom cell are investigated. In case of enhanced light scattering, the role of haze parameter and Angular Distribution Function of scattered light is analysed separately. High haze parameter improves light trapping in top and bottom cell. However, the improvement in QE and JSC of the bottom cell is limited at higher haze parameters due to increased absorption in top cell and increased optical losses in realistic textured ZnO/Ag back contact. Broad ADF plays an important role for improving the performances of both, top and bottom cell. The role of refractive index of an interlayer between top and bottom cell is analysed. Significant increases in QE and JSC of the top cell are revealed for small refractive indexes of the interlayer (n < 2.0). At the same time noticeable decrease in the performance of the bottom cell is observed. Optimisation of thickness and refractive index of a single-layer ARC on glass is carried out in order to obtain maximal JSC either in top or in bottom cell. Moderate increases in JSC and QE are obtained for optimised ARC parameters. Among the three optical designs, the greatest potential, considering the improvements in both cells, is revealed for enhanced light scattering.
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Study of enhanced light scattering in microcrystalline silicon solar cells
Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 2004Co-Authors: Janez Krč, Franc Smole, Marko TopičAbstract:Effects of an enhanced haze parameter and the Angular Distribution Function of scattered light are analyzed in a single-junction microcrystalline silicon solar cell by means of optical modeling. Hypothetical high haze parameters and different Angular Distribution Functions are introduced to study the role of efficient light trapping. Improvements in external quantum efficiency and short-circuit current density of the solar cell are predicted. Potential thickness reductions of the absorber layer are calculated.
Wai-yu Sit - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Angular Distributions in the radiative decays of the $$^3\varvec{D}_3$$
The European Physical Journal C, 2015Co-Authors: Cheuk-ping Wong, Alex W. K. Mok, Wai-yu SitAbstract:Using the helicity formalism, we calculate the combined Angular Distribution Function of the two gamma photons ( $$\gamma _1$$ γ 1 and $$\gamma _2$$ γ 2 ) and the electron ( $$e^-$$ e - ) in the triple cascade process $$\bar{p}p\rightarrow {}^3D_3\rightarrow {}^3P_2+\gamma _1\rightarrow (\psi +\gamma _2) +\gamma _1 \rightarrow (e^- + e^+) +\gamma _2 +\gamma _1$$ p ¯ p → 3 D 3 → 3 P 2 + γ 1 → ( ψ + γ 2 ) + γ 1 → ( e - + e + ) + γ 2 + γ 1 , when $$\bar{p}$$ p ¯ and $$p$$ p are arbitrarily polarized. We also derive six different partially integrated Angular Distribution Functions which give the Angular Distributions of one or two particles in the final state. Our results show that by measuring the two-particle Angular Distribution of $$\gamma _1$$ γ 1 and $$\gamma _2$$ γ 2 and that of $$\gamma _2$$ γ 2 and $$e^-$$ e - , one can determine the relative magnitudes as well as the relative phases of all the helicity amplitudes in the two charmonium radiative transitions $${}^3D_3\rightarrow {}^3P_2+\gamma _1$$ 3 D 3 → 3 P 2 + γ 1 and $$^3P_2\rightarrow \psi +\gamma _2$$ 3 P 2 → ψ + γ 2 .
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Angular Distributions in the radiative decays of the \(^3\varvec{D}_3\) state of charmonium originating from polarized \(\varvec{\bar{p}p}\) collisions
The European Physical Journal C, 2015Co-Authors: Cheuk-ping Wong, Alex W. K. Mok, Wai-yu SitAbstract:Using the helicity formalism, we calculate the combined Angular Distribution Function of the two gamma photons (\(\gamma _1\) and \(\gamma _2\)) and the electron (\(e^-\)) in the triple cascade process \(\bar{p}p\rightarrow {}^3D_3\rightarrow {}^3P_2+\gamma _1\rightarrow (\psi +\gamma _2) +\gamma _1 \rightarrow (e^- + e^+) +\gamma _2 +\gamma _1\), when \(\bar{p}\) and \(p\) are arbitrarily polarized. We also derive six different partially integrated Angular Distribution Functions which give the Angular Distributions of one or two particles in the final state. Our results show that by measuring the two-particle Angular Distribution of \(\gamma _1\) and \(\gamma _2\) and that of \(\gamma _2\) and \(e^-\), one can determine the relative magnitudes as well as the relative phases of all the helicity amplitudes in the two charmonium radiative transitions \({}^3D_3\rightarrow {}^3P_2+\gamma _1\) and \(^3P_2\rightarrow \psi +\gamma _2\).
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Angular Distribution Functions in the decays of the 3 D 3 state of charmonium originating from unpolarized overline{p}p collisions
Journal of High Energy Physics, 2012Co-Authors: Alex W. K. Mok, Cheuk-ping Wong, Wai-yu SitAbstract:Using the helicity formalism, we calculate the combined Angular Distribution Function of the two photons (γ1 and γ2) and electron (e −) in the cascade process $\overline{p}p\to {}^3{D_3}\to {}^3{P_2}+{\gamma_1}\to \left( {\psi +{\gamma_2}} \right)+{\gamma_1}\to \left( {{e^{+}}+{e^{-}}} \right)+{\gamma_2}+{\gamma_1}$ ,when $\overline{p}$ and p are unpolarized. We also derive six different partially integrated Angular Distribution Functions which give the Angular Distributions of one or two particles in the final state. Once the Angular Distributions are measured, our expressions will enable one to determine the relative magnitudes as well as the cosines of the relative phases of all the Angular-momentum helicity amplitudes in the radiative decay processes 3 D 3 → 3 P 2 + γ1 and 3 P 2 → ψ + γ2.
Franc Smole - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Optical and electrical modeling of Cu(In,Ga)Se_2 solar cells
Optical and Quantum Electronics, 2006Co-Authors: Janez Krč, Franc Smole, Andrej Campa, G. Cernivec, J. Malmström, M. Edoff, M. TopicAbstract:In this work numerical modeling of Cu(In,Ga)Se_2 (CIGS) thin-film solar cells is presented. The main features of the optical simulator SunShine and the electrical simulator Aspin that are used for solar cell analysis are demonstrated. Modeling of light scattering at rough interfaces in the solar cell structures is described. The two descriptive scattering parameters that are used in optical simulations are the haze parameter and the Angular Distribution Function of scattered light. The results of optical and electrical simulations of a thin CIGS solar cell with an absorber layer thickness of 360 nm are presented. The calculated external parameters of the solar cell are verified with the experimental data.
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Potential of optical design in tandem micromorph silicon solar cells
Photonics for Solar Energy Systems, 2006Co-Authors: Janez Krč, Franc Smole, Andrej Campa, Marko TopičAbstract:The potential of three advanced optical designs in tandem micromorph silicon solar cells are analysed by means of optical simulations: enhanced light scattering, intermediate reflector (interlayer) and antireflective coating (ARC) on glass. The effects on quantum efficiency, QE, and short circuit current density, JSC, of the top and bottom cell are investigated. In case of enhanced light scattering, the role of haze parameter and Angular Distribution Function of scattered light is analysed separately. High haze parameter improves light trapping in top and bottom cell. However, the improvement in QE and JSC of the bottom cell is limited at higher haze parameters due to increased absorption in top cell and increased optical losses in realistic textured ZnO/Ag back contact. Broad ADF plays an important role for improving the performances of both, top and bottom cell. The role of refractive index of an interlayer between top and bottom cell is analysed. Significant increases in QE and JSC of the top cell are revealed for small refractive indexes of the interlayer (n < 2.0). At the same time noticeable decrease in the performance of the bottom cell is observed. Optimisation of thickness and refractive index of a single-layer ARC on glass is carried out in order to obtain maximal JSC either in top or in bottom cell. Moderate increases in JSC and QE are obtained for optimised ARC parameters. Among the three optical designs, the greatest potential, considering the improvements in both cells, is revealed for enhanced light scattering.
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Optical modelling of thin-film silicon solar cells deposited on textured substrates
Thin Solid Films, 2004Co-Authors: Miro Zeman, Franc Smole, Marko TopičAbstract:Abstract Optical modelling is used to investigate effects of light scattering in amorphous silicon and microcrystalline silicon solar cells. The role of enhanced haze parameter and different Angular Distribution Function of scattered light is analyzed. Results of optical simulation show that enhanced haze parameter compared to that of Asahi U-type SnO 2 :F does not improve external quantum efficiency and short-circuit current density of amorphous silicon solar cell significantly, whereas for microcrystalline silicon solar cell the improvement is larger. Angular Distribution Function affects the external quantum efficiency and the short-circuit current density significantly.
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Study of enhanced light scattering in microcrystalline silicon solar cells
Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 2004Co-Authors: Janez Krč, Franc Smole, Marko TopičAbstract:Effects of an enhanced haze parameter and the Angular Distribution Function of scattered light are analyzed in a single-junction microcrystalline silicon solar cell by means of optical modeling. Hypothetical high haze parameters and different Angular Distribution Functions are introduced to study the role of efficient light trapping. Improvements in external quantum efficiency and short-circuit current density of the solar cell are predicted. Potential thickness reductions of the absorber layer are calculated.
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Light scattering properties of SnO/sub 2/ and ZnO surface-textured substrates
3rd World Conference onPhotovoltaic Energy Conversion 2003. Proceedings of, 2003Co-Authors: Janez Krč, Franc Smole, Miro Zeman, O. Kluth, Marko TopičAbstract:Morphology and its statistical parameters of the SnO/sub 2/:F Asahi U type and ZnO:Al TCO surface-textured substrates are determined. Scattering parameters, such as haze and Angular Distribution Function, of these two TCOs are measured and analysed. Simulations of the external quantum efficiency of single-junction amorphous silicon solar cells deposited on these surface-textured TCO substrates are carried out with our optical model. The important role of using calibrated scattering parameters for accurate optical simulations is demonstrated.