The Experts below are selected from a list of 162 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Nigel Williams - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Human–Animal Embryos to boost UK research
Current Biology, 2007Co-Authors: Nigel WilliamsAbstract:Later this month, British researchers should have a better idea of the proposed framework for human–Animal Embryo stem-cell research following a change of view by the government earlier this year. Nigel Williams reports.
Barry D. Bavister - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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How Animal Embryo research led to the first documented human IVF.
Reproductive BioMedicine Online, 2002Co-Authors: Barry D. BavisterAbstract:Abstract Research studies using Animal gametes led to the first documented human IVF in 1969. A key contribution was the development of a reliable culture medium for IVF of hamster oocytes, which was then used successfully with human gametes in the laboratory. This article describes how this was accomplished. Hamster IVF was obtained using a bicarbonate-buffered culture medium based on Tyrode's solution. A dose-response experiment showed that IVF in this species was highly dependent on the pH of the culture medium. At pH 7.2 or less, very few oocytes were penetrated and spermatozoa did not undergo acrosome reactions. Over the pH range 7.3–7.5, 40% of oocytes were fertilized in vitro, while at pH 7.6 or higher, more than 75% of oocytes were fertilized and most spermatozoa exhibited acrosome reactions. There was no apparent effect of pH on sperm motility. These experiments showed that in the hamster, fertilization in vitro is highly pH-dependent, most likely through pH effects on the sperm acrosome reaction and sperm:zona binding. The data led to formulation of a culture medium, Tyrode-B, that consistently supported high levels of IVF of hamster oocytes. When this medium was used for human gametes, IVF was observed and documented for the first time. Spermatozoa penetrating through the zona pellucida and sperm components within the ooplasm were detected, and some oocytes exhibited two pronuclei. These observations suggested that human IVF might be useful for alleviation of infertility.
Pauline Gately - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Commons Science and Technology Committee inquiry into hybrid Embryo research 2007: credible, reliable and objective?
Human reproduction and genetic ethics, 2011Co-Authors: Pauline GatelyAbstract:In 2006 the Government issued a White Paper in which it proposed a ban on human-Animal Embryo research pending greater clarity on its potential. The Commons Select Committee on Science and Technolo...
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the commons science and technology committee inquiry into hybrid Embryo research 2007 credible reliable and objective
Human reproduction and genetic ethics, 2011Co-Authors: Pauline GatelyAbstract:AbstractIn 2006 the Government issued a White Paper in which it proposed a ban on human-Animal Embryo research pending greater clarity on its potential. The Commons Select Committee on Science and Technology initiated an Inquiry and concluded that such research was necessary and should be permitted immediately. The Government agreed and this is reflected in revised legislation.The Government has issued guidelines on the gathering and use of scientific advice and evidence, designed to ensure that these are "credible, reliable and objective." This article tests the Committee's approach in the light of its remit and these, and other, relevant guidelines and concludes that it failed to meet these standards. Rather, it effectively ceded to an interest group the regulation of its own activities.The article ends by suggesting alterations to the Committee's remit and composition designed to ensure that the public interest is better protected in future.
Sonia Desmoulin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Human Embryo, Animal Embryo, Chimerical Embryo: What Legal Status in French Law?
Journal of Civil Law Studies, 2008Co-Authors: Laurence Brunet, Sonia DesmoulinAbstract:The authors consider French law applicable to human and Animal Embryos, and hence reflect on the status of chimerical Embryos. This paper takes readers to the boundaries of the human species. French law is silent on chimerical Embryos, combining human and Animal genetic material. The authors go beyond the taboos to explore possible solutions offered by intellectual property. They make reference to the civilian rules concerning “principal and accessories” or composite things. The authors note that the range of genomic mixtures leads to infinite questions, which all too often are ignored by lawyers. The paper is fertile in triggering possible answers.
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Human Embryo, Animal Embryo, Chimerical Embryo: What Legal Status in French Law?
Journal of Civil Law Studies, 2008Co-Authors: Laurence Brunet, Sonia DesmoulinAbstract:In 1998, the scientific review Science published an experiment studying the development of human cell nuclei introduced into bovine enucleated cells. In an article entitled The Minotaur in Gestation in a Laboratory of Massachusetts, the French newspaper Le Monde questioned the legality of such research in France, as well as the status of the life which may arise from this experimentation. Surprisingly, the article provoked little reaction. Less than ten years later, in 2007, Le Figaro–another French newspaper–caused a stir with an article announcing, Soon Embryos Half-Man Half-Animal. Between these two dates, some important changes had taken place in France and in other countries. In France, the law pertaining to the use of human Embryos for scientific research has been modified. Indeed, the law of August 6, 2004 authorized by exception, and for a limited period of five years, experimentation on human Embryos. At the same time, outside France, the issue concerning the creation of chimeras or hybrid Embryos (composed of human and Animal elements) raised some public concerns. In Canada, the Assisted Human Reproduction Act (AHRA) of 2004 defined a
Edoardo Boncinelli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Potential Role of Homeobox Genes in Neural Cell Differentiation
Neural Cell Specification, 1995Co-Authors: Massimo Gulisano, Vania Broccoli, Fabio Spada, Edoardo BoncinelliAbstract:A fascinating question in developmental biology is how different regions of the Animal Embryo are specified. In particular, the uncovering of the molecular rules governing head development, has been the focus of studies by investigators working in a wide range of developmental systems.
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From fly head to mammalian forebrain: the story of otd and Otx
Trends in genetics : TIG, 1994Co-Authors: Robert Finkelstein, Edoardo BoncinelliAbstract:Many of the genes responsible for axial patterning have been conserved throughout evolution. Recent studies of invertebrates and vertebrates are extending our understanding of this molecular conservation into the anterior region of the Animal Embryo, including the developing brain. These studies suggest that this domain is specified according to a genetic paradigm that is different from that governing trunk development, and are also beginning to provide insights into the structures that underlie the rostral brain.