The Experts below are selected from a list of 75 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Donald E Canfield - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sufficient oxygen for Animal Respiration 1 400 million years ago
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016Co-Authors: Shuichang Zhang, Xiaomei Wang, Huajian Wang, Christian J Bjerrum, Emma U Hammarlund, Maria Mafalda Costa, James N Connelly, Baomin Zhang, Donald E CanfieldAbstract:The Mesoproterozoic Eon [1,600-1,000 million years ago (Ma)] is emerging as a key interval in Earth history, with a unique geochemical history that might have influenced the course of biological evolution on Earth. Indeed, although this time interval is rather poorly understood, recent chromium isotope results suggest that atmospheric oxygen levels were 4% of present-day levels. Therefore, in contrast to previous suggestions, we show that there was sufficient oxygen to fuel Animal Respiration long before the evolution of Animals themselves.
Shuichang Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sufficient oxygen for Animal Respiration 1 400 million years ago
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016Co-Authors: Shuichang Zhang, Xiaomei Wang, Huajian Wang, Christian J Bjerrum, Emma U Hammarlund, Maria Mafalda Costa, James N Connelly, Baomin Zhang, Donald E CanfieldAbstract:The Mesoproterozoic Eon [1,600-1,000 million years ago (Ma)] is emerging as a key interval in Earth history, with a unique geochemical history that might have influenced the course of biological evolution on Earth. Indeed, although this time interval is rather poorly understood, recent chromium isotope results suggest that atmospheric oxygen levels were 4% of present-day levels. Therefore, in contrast to previous suggestions, we show that there was sufficient oxygen to fuel Animal Respiration long before the evolution of Animals themselves.
P J Rombough - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ventilation and Animal Respiration respiratory gas exchange during development respiratory transitions
Reference Module in Life Sciences#R##N#Encyclopedia of Fish Physiology#R##N#From Genome to Environment, 2011Co-Authors: P J RomboughAbstract:Gas exchange in developing fish is impeded by a series of resistances. Diffusive resistances dominate early in development; convective resistances become progressively more important as development proceeds. Body surfaces, the diffusive boundary layer (DBL), and, during embryonic development, the egg capsule and enclosed perivitelline fluid (PVF) are the major diffusive barriers. The relative impacts of these barriers change during the course of development as their physical structure is altered and/or the organism acquires the ability to actively ventilate the various fluid compartments (i.e., PVF and DBL). Gas entry into or exit from the body initially is entirely transcutaneous. A few species develop temporary specialized gas exchange structures as embryos, but the vast majority depends solely on the skin until the internal gills begin to form. However, the time of gill formation varies considerably among species, ranging from just before hatch to near the end of the larval period. This article examines the nature and relative impact of the various barriers to gas exchange and how these change during the course of development. Particular attention is focused on the transition from cutaneous to branchial Respiration and the profound impact this has on the ability of the developing fish to satisfy expanding exchange requirements.
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ventilation and Animal Respiration respiratory gas exchange during development models and mechanisms
Reference Module in Life Sciences#R##N#Encyclopedia of Fish Physiology#R##N#From Genome to Environment, 2011Co-Authors: P J RomboughAbstract:Respiratory gas exchange during development is complicated by profound changes in the quantity of gases exchanged, the location on the body surface where gas is taken up or excreted, and the relative importance of diffusion and convection as a means of moving gases to and from the tissues. This article examines the principles of gas exchange in the context of fish embryonic and larval development and shows how models are useful as tools to understanding the processes involved and in formulating questions for future research. It focuses on the three main respiratory gases – oxygen, carbon dioxide, and ammonia – and how they behave in aqueous media, move across membranes, and are transported in the ambient environment surrounding the organism and in body fluids. The concept of a respiratory cascade is developed and used to illustrate how the various barriers to gas exchange can be described and quantified.
Baomin Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sufficient oxygen for Animal Respiration 1 400 million years ago
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016Co-Authors: Shuichang Zhang, Xiaomei Wang, Huajian Wang, Christian J Bjerrum, Emma U Hammarlund, Maria Mafalda Costa, James N Connelly, Baomin Zhang, Donald E CanfieldAbstract:The Mesoproterozoic Eon [1,600-1,000 million years ago (Ma)] is emerging as a key interval in Earth history, with a unique geochemical history that might have influenced the course of biological evolution on Earth. Indeed, although this time interval is rather poorly understood, recent chromium isotope results suggest that atmospheric oxygen levels were 4% of present-day levels. Therefore, in contrast to previous suggestions, we show that there was sufficient oxygen to fuel Animal Respiration long before the evolution of Animals themselves.
James N Connelly - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sufficient oxygen for Animal Respiration 1 400 million years ago
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016Co-Authors: Shuichang Zhang, Xiaomei Wang, Huajian Wang, Christian J Bjerrum, Emma U Hammarlund, Maria Mafalda Costa, James N Connelly, Baomin Zhang, Donald E CanfieldAbstract:The Mesoproterozoic Eon [1,600-1,000 million years ago (Ma)] is emerging as a key interval in Earth history, with a unique geochemical history that might have influenced the course of biological evolution on Earth. Indeed, although this time interval is rather poorly understood, recent chromium isotope results suggest that atmospheric oxygen levels were 4% of present-day levels. Therefore, in contrast to previous suggestions, we show that there was sufficient oxygen to fuel Animal Respiration long before the evolution of Animals themselves.