The Experts below are selected from a list of 342393 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Pablo J Ross - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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genome wide identification of tissue specific long non coding rna in three farm Animal Species
BMC Genomics, 2018Co-Authors: Colin Kern, Y Wang, James L Chitwood, Ian F Korf, Mary E Delany, Hans H Cheng, Juan F Medrano, Alison L Van Eenennaam, C W Ernst, Pablo J RossAbstract:Background Numerous long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified and their roles in gene regulation in humans, mice, and other model organisms studied; however, far less research has been focused on lncRNAs in farm Animal Species. While previous studies in chickens, cattle, and pigs identified lncRNAs in specific developmental stages or differentially expressed under specific conditions in a limited number of tissues, more comprehensive identification of lncRNAs in these Species is needed. The goal of the FAANG Consortium (Functional Annotation of Animal Genomes) is to functionally annotate Animal genomes, including the annotation of lncRNAs. As one of the FAANG pilot projects, lncRNAs were identified across eight tissues in two adult male biological replicates from chickens, cattle, and pigs.
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genome wide identification of tissue specific long non coding rna in three farm Animal Species
BMC Genomics, 2018Co-Authors: Colin Kern, Y Wang, James L Chitwood, Ian F Korf, Mary E Delany, Hans H Cheng, Juan F Medrano, C W Ernst, Alison L Van Eenennaam, Pablo J RossAbstract:Numerous long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified and their roles in gene regulation in humans, mice, and other model organisms studied; however, far less research has been focused on lncRNAs in farm Animal Species. While previous studies in chickens, cattle, and pigs identified lncRNAs in specific developmental stages or differentially expressed under specific conditions in a limited number of tissues, more comprehensive identification of lncRNAs in these Species is needed. The goal of the FAANG Consortium (Functional Annotation of Animal Genomes) is to functionally annotate Animal genomes, including the annotation of lncRNAs. As one of the FAANG pilot projects, lncRNAs were identified across eight tissues in two adult male biological replicates from chickens, cattle, and pigs. Comprehensive lncRNA annotations for the chicken, cattle, and pig genomes were generated by utilizing RNA-seq from eight tissue types from two biological replicates per Species at the adult developmental stage. A total of 9393 lncRNAs in chickens, 7235 lncRNAs in cattle, and 14,429 lncRNAs in pigs were identified. Including novel isoforms and lncRNAs from novel loci, 5288 novel lncRNAs were identified in chickens, 3732 in cattle, and 4870 in pigs. These transcripts match previously known patterns of lncRNAs, such as generally lower expression levels than mRNAs and higher tissue specificity. An analysis of lncRNA conservation across Species identified a set of conserved lncRNAs with potential functions associated with chromatin structure and gene regulation. Tissue-specific lncRNAs were identified. Genes proximal to tissue-specific lncRNAs were enriched for GO terms associated with the tissue of origin, such as leukocyte activation in spleen. LncRNAs were identified in three important farm Animal Species using eight tissues from adult individuals. About half of the identified lncRNAs were not previously reported in the NCBI annotations for these Species. While lncRNAs are less conserved than protein-coding genes, a set of positionally conserved lncRNAs were identified among chickens, cattle, and pigs with potential functions related to chromatin structure and gene regulation. Tissue-specific lncRNAs have potential regulatory functions on genes enriched for tissue-specific GO terms. Future work will include epigenetic data from ChIP-seq experiments to further refine these annotations.
Silvia Franzellitti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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human pharmaceuticals in the marine environment focus on exposure and biological effects in Animal Species
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2016Co-Authors: Elena Fabbri, Silvia FranzellittiAbstract:Marine waters have been poorly investigated for the occurrence of pharmaceutical contamination. Recent data confirm that pharmaceuticals occur widely in marine and coastal environments; therefore, assessment of potential risk to marine Species needs further efforts. The present study represents the first extensive review of pharmaceutical contamination in marine environments addressing the effects on the marine biota analyzed at the molecular, cellular, and individual levels. Because pharmaceuticals differ from conventional pollutants, being designed to interact with specific physiological pathways at low doses, the most recent evidence on modes of action and physiological alterations on marine Animal Species are discussed. Data on spatial distributions of pharmaceuticals in waters and sediments, as well as bioaccumulation rates, are also presented. The present review also seeks to expand knowledge of how the quality of coastal and marine environments could be efficiently monitored to anticipate possible health and environmental risks.
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human pharmaceuticals in the marine environment focus on exposure and biological effects in Animal Species
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2016Co-Authors: Elena Fabbri, Silvia FranzellittiAbstract:Marine waters have been poorly investigated for the occurrence of pharmaceutical contamination. Recent data confirm that pharmaceuticals occur widely in marine and coastal environments; therefore, assessment of potential risk to marine Species needs further efforts. The present study represents the first extensive review of pharmaceutical contamination in marine environments addressing the effects on the marine biota analyzed at the molecular, cellular, and individual levels. Because pharmaceuticals differ from conventional pollutants, being designed to interact with specific physiological pathways at low doses, the most recent evidence on modes of action and physiological alterations on marine Animal Species are discussed. Data on spatial distributions of pharmaceuticals in waters and sediments, as well as bioaccumulation rates, are also presented. The present review also seeks to expand knowledge of how the quality of coastal and marine environments could be efficiently monitored to anticipate possible health and environmental risks. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:799–812. © 2015 SETAC
Marc R Freeman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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prevalent presence of periodic actin spectrin based membrane skeleton in a broad range of neuronal cell types and Animal Species
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016Co-Authors: Jiang He, Ruobo Zhou, Zhuhao Wu, Monica A Carrasco, Peri T Kurshan, Jonathan E Farley, David J Simon, Guiping Wang, Evan Heller, Marc R FreemanAbstract:Actin, spectrin, and associated molecules form a periodic, submembrane cytoskeleton in the axons of neurons. For a better understanding of this membrane-associated periodic skeleton (MPS), it is important to address how prevalent this structure is in different neuronal types, different subcellular compartments, and across different Animal Species. Here, we investigated the organization of spectrin in a variety of neuronal- and glial-cell types. We observed the presence of MPS in all of the tested neuronal types cultured from mouse central and peripheral nervous systems, including excitatory and inhibitory neurons from several brain regions, as well as sensory and motor neurons. Quantitative analyses show that MPS is preferentially formed in axons in all neuronal types tested here: Spectrin shows a long-range, periodic distribution throughout all axons but appears periodic only in a small fraction of dendrites, typically in the form of isolated patches in subregions of these dendrites. As in dendrites, we also observed patches of periodic spectrin structures in a small fraction of glial-cell processes in four types of glial cells cultured from rodent tissues. Interestingly, despite its strong presence in the axonal shaft, MPS is disrupted in most presynaptic boutons but is present in an appreciable fraction of dendritic spine necks, including some projecting from dendrites where such a periodic structure is not observed in the shaft. Finally, we found that spectrin is capable of adopting a similar periodic organization in neurons of a variety of Animal Species, including Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila, Gallus gallus, Mus musculus, and Homo sapiens.
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prevalent presence of periodic actin spectrin based membrane skeleton in a broad range of neuronal cell types and Animal Species
bioRxiv, 2016Co-Authors: Jiang He, Ruobo Zhou, Zhuhao Wu, Monica A Carrasco, Peri T Kurshan, Jonathan E Farley, David J Simon, Guiping Wang, Evan Heller, Marc R FreemanAbstract:Actin, spectrin and associated molecules form a periodic, sub-membrane cytoskeleton in the axons of neurons. For a better understanding of this membrane-associated periodic skeleton (MPS), it is important to address how prevalent this structure is in different neuronal types, different subcellular compartments, and across different Animal Species. Here, we investigated the organization of spectrin in a variety of neuronal and glial-cell types. We observed the presence of MPS in all of the tested neuronal types cultured from mouse central and peripheral nervous systems, including excitatory and inhibitory neurons from several brain regions, as well as sensory and motor neurons. Quantitative analyses show that MPS is preferentially formed in axons in all neuronal types tested here: spectrin shows a long-range, periodic distribution throughout all axons, but only appears periodic in a small fraction of dendrites, typically in the form of isolated patches in sub-regions of these dendrites. As in dendrites, we also observed patches of periodic spectrin structures in a small fraction of glial-cell processes in four types of glial cells cultured from rodent tissues. Interestingly, despite its strong presence in the axonal shaft, MPS is absent in most presynaptic boutons, but is present in a substantial fraction of dendritic spine necks, including some projecting from dendrites where such a periodic structure is not observed in the shaft. Finally, we found that spectrin is capable of adopting a similar periodic organization in neurons of a variety of Animal Species, including Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila, Gallus gallus, Mus musculus and Homo sapiens.
Colin Kern - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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genome wide identification of tissue specific long non coding rna in three farm Animal Species
BMC Genomics, 2018Co-Authors: Colin Kern, Y Wang, James L Chitwood, Ian F Korf, Mary E Delany, Hans H Cheng, Juan F Medrano, Alison L Van Eenennaam, C W Ernst, Pablo J RossAbstract:Background Numerous long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified and their roles in gene regulation in humans, mice, and other model organisms studied; however, far less research has been focused on lncRNAs in farm Animal Species. While previous studies in chickens, cattle, and pigs identified lncRNAs in specific developmental stages or differentially expressed under specific conditions in a limited number of tissues, more comprehensive identification of lncRNAs in these Species is needed. The goal of the FAANG Consortium (Functional Annotation of Animal Genomes) is to functionally annotate Animal genomes, including the annotation of lncRNAs. As one of the FAANG pilot projects, lncRNAs were identified across eight tissues in two adult male biological replicates from chickens, cattle, and pigs.
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genome wide identification of tissue specific long non coding rna in three farm Animal Species
BMC Genomics, 2018Co-Authors: Colin Kern, Y Wang, James L Chitwood, Ian F Korf, Mary E Delany, Hans H Cheng, Juan F Medrano, C W Ernst, Alison L Van Eenennaam, Pablo J RossAbstract:Numerous long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified and their roles in gene regulation in humans, mice, and other model organisms studied; however, far less research has been focused on lncRNAs in farm Animal Species. While previous studies in chickens, cattle, and pigs identified lncRNAs in specific developmental stages or differentially expressed under specific conditions in a limited number of tissues, more comprehensive identification of lncRNAs in these Species is needed. The goal of the FAANG Consortium (Functional Annotation of Animal Genomes) is to functionally annotate Animal genomes, including the annotation of lncRNAs. As one of the FAANG pilot projects, lncRNAs were identified across eight tissues in two adult male biological replicates from chickens, cattle, and pigs. Comprehensive lncRNA annotations for the chicken, cattle, and pig genomes were generated by utilizing RNA-seq from eight tissue types from two biological replicates per Species at the adult developmental stage. A total of 9393 lncRNAs in chickens, 7235 lncRNAs in cattle, and 14,429 lncRNAs in pigs were identified. Including novel isoforms and lncRNAs from novel loci, 5288 novel lncRNAs were identified in chickens, 3732 in cattle, and 4870 in pigs. These transcripts match previously known patterns of lncRNAs, such as generally lower expression levels than mRNAs and higher tissue specificity. An analysis of lncRNA conservation across Species identified a set of conserved lncRNAs with potential functions associated with chromatin structure and gene regulation. Tissue-specific lncRNAs were identified. Genes proximal to tissue-specific lncRNAs were enriched for GO terms associated with the tissue of origin, such as leukocyte activation in spleen. LncRNAs were identified in three important farm Animal Species using eight tissues from adult individuals. About half of the identified lncRNAs were not previously reported in the NCBI annotations for these Species. While lncRNAs are less conserved than protein-coding genes, a set of positionally conserved lncRNAs were identified among chickens, cattle, and pigs with potential functions related to chromatin structure and gene regulation. Tissue-specific lncRNAs have potential regulatory functions on genes enriched for tissue-specific GO terms. Future work will include epigenetic data from ChIP-seq experiments to further refine these annotations.
Brian S Appleby - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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chronic wasting disease in cervids implications for prion transmission to humans and other Animal Species
Mbio, 2019Co-Authors: Michael T Osterholm, Mark D. Zabel, Cory Anderson, Joni M Scheftel, Kristine A Moore, Brian S ApplebyAbstract:ABSTRACT Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a prion-related transmissible spongiform encephalopathy of cervids, including deer, elk, reindeer, sika deer, and moose. CWD has been confirmed in at least 26 U.S. states, three Canadian provinces, South Korea, Finland, Norway, and Sweden, with a notable increase in the past 5 years. The continued geographic spread of this disease increases the frequency of exposure to CWD prions among cervids, humans, and other Animal Species. Since CWD is now an established wildlife disease in North America, proactive steps, where possible, should be taken to limit transmission of CWD among Animals and reduce the potential for human exposure.
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Chronic Wasting Disease in Cervids: Implications for Prion Transmission to Humans and Other Animal Species
'American Society for Microbiology', 2019Co-Authors: Michael T Osterholm, Mark D. Zabel, Joni M Scheftel, Kristine A Moore, Cory J. Anderson, Brian S ApplebyAbstract:Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a prion-related transmissible spongiform encephalopathy of cervids, including deer, elk, reindeer, sika deer, and moose. CWD has been confirmed in at least 26 U.S. states, three Canadian provinces, South Korea, Finland, Norway, and Sweden, with a notable increase in the past 5 years. The continued geographic spread of this disease increases the frequency of exposure to CWD prions among cervids, humans, and other Animal Species.Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a prion-related transmissible spongiform encephalopathy of cervids, including deer, elk, reindeer, sika deer, and moose. CWD has been confirmed in at least 26 U.S. states, three Canadian provinces, South Korea, Finland, Norway, and Sweden, with a notable increase in the past 5 years. The continued geographic spread of this disease increases the frequency of exposure to CWD prions among cervids, humans, and other Animal Species. Since CWD is now an established wildlife disease in North America, proactive steps, where possible, should be taken to limit transmission of CWD among Animals and reduce the potential for human exposure
