The Experts below are selected from a list of 22380 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Nick G H Taylor - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the anti protozoal activity of bronopol on the key life stages of ichthyophthirius multifiliis fouquet 1876 ciliophora
    Veterinary Parasitology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Andrew P Shinn, Sara M Piconcamacho, Denny Conway, Gil Ha Yoon, James E Bron, Nick G H Taylor
    Abstract:

    Abstract Pyceze™ (Novartis Animal Vaccines Ltd.) is licensed as a veterinary medicine to treat fungal infections in salmon, trout and their eggs. The active ingredient is bronopol, which due to its broad-spectrum activity has the potential to be an effective treatment against other important aquatic pathogens. In this study the efficacy of bronopol against Ichthyophthirius multifiliis was tested both in vitro and in vivo . In vitro trials demonstrated a 30 min exposure to 100 mg L −1 bronopol killed 51.7% of the infective theronts. In vitro exposure of the protomonts to bronopol (0, 20, 50 and 100 mg L −1 ) for 30 min was observed to kill 0%, 76.2%, 97.2% and 100% respectively. Protomonts surviving treatment, demonstrated delayed development with the time taken from protomont until the release of theronts ranging from 28.3 h for 0 mg L −1 exposure, to 70 h for parasites in 20 and 50 mg L −1 exposure groups. These concentrations also caused asymmetric cell division of the encysted tomonts. Exposure of encysted tomonts (min. 8 cell stage) to 100 mg L −1 bronopol for 30 min, killed 50% within this period, with the remainder dying within the subsequent 42 h post exposure. Lower doses of bronopol were less effective in killing encysted tomonts than the higher doses (3.3% of parasites were killed in 20 mg L −1 ; 10% in 50 mg L −1 ), but they still delayed theront release significantly (25.7 h for 0 mg L −1 to 46.2 h for parasites exposed to 20–50 mg L −1 ). Long, low dose (1 mg L −1 ) exposure to bronopol was also efficacious against theronts. Survival after 12 h was 29% (c.f. 100% in control parasites), and I. multifiliis (protomonts, tomont and theronts), thus suggesting that bronopol may serve a useful role in the control of I. multifiliis infections.

Clarke, Jihong Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Production of tetravalent dengue virus envelope protein domain III based antigens in lettuce chloroplasts and immunologic analysis for future oral vaccine development
    2018
    Co-Authors: Van Eerde André, Gottschamel Johanna, Bock Ralph, Hansen, Kristine Eraker Aasland, Munangandu, Hetron Mweemba, Daniell Henry, Clarke, Jihong Liu
    Abstract:

    Dengue fever is a mosquito (Aedes aegypti) ‐transmitted viral disease that is endemic in more than 125 countries around the world. There are four serotypes of the dengue virus (DENV 1‐4) and a safe and effective dengue vaccine must provide protection against all four serotypes. To date, the first vaccine, Dengvaxia (CYD‐TDV), is available after many decades’ efforts, but only has moderate efficacy. More effective and affordable Vaccines are hence required. Plants offer promising vaccine production platforms and food crops offer additional advantages for the production of edible human and Animal Vaccines, thus eliminating the need for expensive fermentation, purification, cold storage and sterile delivery. Oral Vaccines can elicit humoral and cellular immunity via both the mucosal and humoral immune systems. Here, we report the production of tetravalent EDIII antigen (EDIII‐1‐4) in stably transformed lettuce chloroplasts. Transplastomic EDIII‐1‐4‐expressing lettuce lines were obtained and homoplasmy was verified by Southern blot analysis. Expression of EDIII‐1‐4 antigens was demonstrated by immunoblotting, with the EDIII‐1‐4 antigen accumulating to 3.45% of the total protein content. Immunological assays in rabbits showed immunogenicity of EDIII‐1‐4. Our in vitro gastrointestinal digestion analysis revealed that EDIII‐1‐4 antigens are well protected when passing through the oral and gastric digestion phases but underwent degradation during the intestinal phase. Our results demonstrate that lettuce chloroplast engineering is a promising approach for future production of an affordable oral dengue vaccine

  • Production of tetravalent dengue virus envelope protein domain III based antigens in lettuce chloroplasts and immunologic analysis for future oral vaccine development
    'Wiley', 2018
    Co-Authors: Van Eerde André, Gottschamel Johanna, Bock Ralph, Hansen, Kristine Eraker Aasland, Munangandu, Hetron Mweemba, Daniell Henry, Clarke, Jihong Liu
    Abstract:

    Dengue fever is a mosquito (Aedes aegypti) ‐transmitted viral disease that is endemic in more than 125 countries around the world. There are four serotypes of the dengue virus (DENV 1‐4) and a safe and effective dengue vaccine must provide protection against all four serotypes. To date, the first vaccine, Dengvaxia (CYD‐TDV), is available after many decades’ efforts, but only has moderate efficacy. More effective and affordable Vaccines are hence required. Plants offer promising vaccine production platforms and food crops offer additional advantages for the production of edible human and Animal Vaccines, thus eliminating the need for expensive fermentation, purification, cold storage and sterile delivery. Oral Vaccines can elicit humoral and cellular immunity via both the mucosal and humoral immune systems. Here, we report the production of tetravalent EDIII antigen (EDIII‐1‐4) in stably transformed lettuce chloroplasts. Transplastomic EDIII‐1‐4‐expressing lettuce lines were obtained and homoplasmy was verified by Southern blot analysis. Expression of EDIII‐1‐4 antigens was demonstrated by immunoblotting, with the EDIII‐1‐4 antigen accumulating to 3.45% of the total protein content. Immunological assays in rabbits showed immunogenicity of EDIII‐1‐4. Our in vitro gastrointestinal digestion analysis revealed that EDIII‐1‐4 antigens are well protected when passing through the oral and gastric digestion phases but underwent degradation during the intestinal phase. Our results demonstrate that lettuce chloroplast engineering is a promising approach for future production of an affordable oral dengue vaccine.acceptedVersio

  • Production of tetravalent dengue virus envelope protein domain III based antigens in lettuce chloroplasts and immunologic analysis for future oral vaccine development
    'Wiley', 2018
    Co-Authors: Van Eerde André, Gottschamel Johanna, Bock Ralph, Hansen, Kristine Eraker Aasland, Munangandu, Hetron Mweemba, Daniell Henry, Clarke, Jihong Liu
    Abstract:

    Dengue fever is a mosquito (Aedes aegypti) ‐transmitted viral disease that is endemic in more than 125 countries around the world. There are four serotypes of the dengue virus (DENV 1‐4) and a safe and effective dengue vaccine must provide protection against all four serotypes. To date, the first vaccine, Dengvaxia (CYD‐TDV), is available after many decades’ efforts, but only has moderate efficacy. More effective and affordable Vaccines are hence required. Plants offer promising vaccine production platforms and food crops offer additional advantages for the production of edible human and Animal Vaccines, thus eliminating the need for expensive fermentation, purification, cold storage and sterile delivery. Oral Vaccines can elicit humoral and cellular immunity via both the mucosal and humoral immune systems. Here, we report the production of tetravalent EDIII antigen (EDIII‐1‐4) in stably transformed lettuce chloroplasts. Transplastomic EDIII‐1‐4‐expressing lettuce lines were obtained and homoplasmy was verified by Southern blot analysis. Expression of EDIII‐1‐4 antigens was demonstrated by immunoblotting, with the EDIII‐1‐4 antigen accumulating to 3.45% of the total protein content. Immunological assays in rabbits showed immunogenicity of EDIII‐1‐4. Our in vitro gastrointestinal digestion analysis revealed that EDIII‐1‐4 antigens are well protected when passing through the oral and gastric digestion phases but underwent degradation during the intestinal phase. Our results demonstrate that lettuce chloroplast engineering is a promising approach for future production of an affordable oral dengue vaccine.publishedVersio

Thomas Rexer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • mix and match system for the enzymatic synthesis of enantiopure glycerol 3 phosphate containing capsule polymer backbones from actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae neisseria meningitidis and bibersteinia trehalosi
    Mbio, 2021
    Co-Authors: Christa Litschko, Insa Budde, Monika Berger, Andrea Bethe, Julia Schulze, Alberto Alcala E. Orozco, Reza Mahour, Peter Goettig, Jana Indra Führing, Thomas Rexer
    Abstract:

    Capsule polymers are crucial virulence factors of pathogenic bacteria and are used as antigens in glycoconjugate vaccine formulations. Some Gram-negative pathogens express poly(glycosylglycerol phosphate) capsule polymers that resemble Gram-positive wall teichoic acids and are synthesized by TagF-like capsule polymerases. So far, the biotechnological use of these enzymes for vaccine developmental studies was restricted by the unavailability of enantiopure CDP-glycerol, one of the donor substrates required for polymer assembly. Here, we use CTP:glycerol-phosphate cytidylyltransferases (GCTs) and TagF-like polymerases to synthesize the poly(glycosylglycerol phosphate) capsule polymer backbones of the porcine pathogen Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, serotypes 3 and 7 (App3 and App7). GCT activity was confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography, and polymers were analyzed using comprehensive nuclear magnetic resonance studies. Solid-phase synthesis protocols were established to allow potential scale-up of polymer production. In addition, one-pot reactions exploiting glycerol-kinase allowed us to start the reaction from inexpensive, widely available substrates. Finally, this study highlights that multidomain TagF-like polymerases can be transformed by mutagenesis of active site residues into single-action transferases, which in turn can act in trans to build-up structurally new polymers. Overall, our protocols provide enantiopure, nature-identical capsule polymer backbones from App2, App3, App7, App9, and App11, Neisseria meningitidis serogroup H, and Bibersteinia trehalosi serotypes T3 and T15. IMPORTANCE Economic synthesis platforms for the production of Animal Vaccines could help reduce the overuse and misuse of antibiotics in Animal husbandry, which contributes greatly to the increase of antibiotic resistance. Here, we describe a highly versatile, easy-to-use mix-and-match toolbox for the generation of glycerol-phosphate-containing capsule polymers that can serve as antigens in glycoconjugate Vaccines against Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Bibersteinia trehalosi, two pathogens causing considerable economic loss in the swine, sheep, and cattle industries. We have established scalable protocols for the exploitation of a versatile enzymatic cascade with modular architecture, starting with the preparative-scale production of enantiopure CDP-glycerol, a precursor for a multitude of bacterial surface structures. Thereby, our approach not only allows the synthesis of capsule polymers but might also be exploitable for the (chemo)enzymatic synthesis of other glycerol-phosphate-containing structures such as Gram-positive wall teichoic acids or lipoteichoic acids.

  • Mix-and-Match System for the Enzymatic Synthesis of Enantiopure Glycerol-3-Phosphate-Containing Capsule Polymer Backbones from Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae , Neisseria meningitidis , and Bibersteinia trehalosi
    'American Society for Microbiology', 2021
    Co-Authors: Christa Litschko, Insa Budde, Monika Berger, Andrea Bethe, Julia Schulze, Alberto Alcala E. Orozco, Reza Mahour, Peter Goettig, Jana Indra Führing, Thomas Rexer
    Abstract:

    Economic synthesis platforms for the production of Animal Vaccines could help reduce the overuse and misuse of antibiotics in Animal husbandry, which contributes greatly to the increase of antibiotic resistance. Here, we describe a highly versatile, easy-to-use mix-and-match toolbox for the generation of glycerol-phosphate-containing capsule polymers that can serve as antigens in glycoconjugate Vaccines against Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniaeBibersteinia trehalos

Andrew P Shinn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the anti protozoal activity of bronopol on the key life stages of ichthyophthirius multifiliis fouquet 1876 ciliophora
    Veterinary Parasitology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Andrew P Shinn, Sara M Piconcamacho, Denny Conway, Gil Ha Yoon, James E Bron, Nick G H Taylor
    Abstract:

    Abstract Pyceze™ (Novartis Animal Vaccines Ltd.) is licensed as a veterinary medicine to treat fungal infections in salmon, trout and their eggs. The active ingredient is bronopol, which due to its broad-spectrum activity has the potential to be an effective treatment against other important aquatic pathogens. In this study the efficacy of bronopol against Ichthyophthirius multifiliis was tested both in vitro and in vivo . In vitro trials demonstrated a 30 min exposure to 100 mg L −1 bronopol killed 51.7% of the infective theronts. In vitro exposure of the protomonts to bronopol (0, 20, 50 and 100 mg L −1 ) for 30 min was observed to kill 0%, 76.2%, 97.2% and 100% respectively. Protomonts surviving treatment, demonstrated delayed development with the time taken from protomont until the release of theronts ranging from 28.3 h for 0 mg L −1 exposure, to 70 h for parasites in 20 and 50 mg L −1 exposure groups. These concentrations also caused asymmetric cell division of the encysted tomonts. Exposure of encysted tomonts (min. 8 cell stage) to 100 mg L −1 bronopol for 30 min, killed 50% within this period, with the remainder dying within the subsequent 42 h post exposure. Lower doses of bronopol were less effective in killing encysted tomonts than the higher doses (3.3% of parasites were killed in 20 mg L −1 ; 10% in 50 mg L −1 ), but they still delayed theront release significantly (25.7 h for 0 mg L −1 to 46.2 h for parasites exposed to 20–50 mg L −1 ). Long, low dose (1 mg L −1 ) exposure to bronopol was also efficacious against theronts. Survival after 12 h was 29% (c.f. 100% in control parasites), and I. multifiliis (protomonts, tomont and theronts), thus suggesting that bronopol may serve a useful role in the control of I. multifiliis infections.

Van Eerde André - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Production of tetravalent dengue virus envelope protein domain III based antigens in lettuce chloroplasts and immunologic analysis for future oral vaccine development
    2018
    Co-Authors: Van Eerde André, Gottschamel Johanna, Bock Ralph, Hansen, Kristine Eraker Aasland, Munangandu, Hetron Mweemba, Daniell Henry, Clarke, Jihong Liu
    Abstract:

    Dengue fever is a mosquito (Aedes aegypti) ‐transmitted viral disease that is endemic in more than 125 countries around the world. There are four serotypes of the dengue virus (DENV 1‐4) and a safe and effective dengue vaccine must provide protection against all four serotypes. To date, the first vaccine, Dengvaxia (CYD‐TDV), is available after many decades’ efforts, but only has moderate efficacy. More effective and affordable Vaccines are hence required. Plants offer promising vaccine production platforms and food crops offer additional advantages for the production of edible human and Animal Vaccines, thus eliminating the need for expensive fermentation, purification, cold storage and sterile delivery. Oral Vaccines can elicit humoral and cellular immunity via both the mucosal and humoral immune systems. Here, we report the production of tetravalent EDIII antigen (EDIII‐1‐4) in stably transformed lettuce chloroplasts. Transplastomic EDIII‐1‐4‐expressing lettuce lines were obtained and homoplasmy was verified by Southern blot analysis. Expression of EDIII‐1‐4 antigens was demonstrated by immunoblotting, with the EDIII‐1‐4 antigen accumulating to 3.45% of the total protein content. Immunological assays in rabbits showed immunogenicity of EDIII‐1‐4. Our in vitro gastrointestinal digestion analysis revealed that EDIII‐1‐4 antigens are well protected when passing through the oral and gastric digestion phases but underwent degradation during the intestinal phase. Our results demonstrate that lettuce chloroplast engineering is a promising approach for future production of an affordable oral dengue vaccine

  • Production of tetravalent dengue virus envelope protein domain III based antigens in lettuce chloroplasts and immunologic analysis for future oral vaccine development
    'Wiley', 2018
    Co-Authors: Van Eerde André, Gottschamel Johanna, Bock Ralph, Hansen, Kristine Eraker Aasland, Munangandu, Hetron Mweemba, Daniell Henry, Clarke, Jihong Liu
    Abstract:

    Dengue fever is a mosquito (Aedes aegypti) ‐transmitted viral disease that is endemic in more than 125 countries around the world. There are four serotypes of the dengue virus (DENV 1‐4) and a safe and effective dengue vaccine must provide protection against all four serotypes. To date, the first vaccine, Dengvaxia (CYD‐TDV), is available after many decades’ efforts, but only has moderate efficacy. More effective and affordable Vaccines are hence required. Plants offer promising vaccine production platforms and food crops offer additional advantages for the production of edible human and Animal Vaccines, thus eliminating the need for expensive fermentation, purification, cold storage and sterile delivery. Oral Vaccines can elicit humoral and cellular immunity via both the mucosal and humoral immune systems. Here, we report the production of tetravalent EDIII antigen (EDIII‐1‐4) in stably transformed lettuce chloroplasts. Transplastomic EDIII‐1‐4‐expressing lettuce lines were obtained and homoplasmy was verified by Southern blot analysis. Expression of EDIII‐1‐4 antigens was demonstrated by immunoblotting, with the EDIII‐1‐4 antigen accumulating to 3.45% of the total protein content. Immunological assays in rabbits showed immunogenicity of EDIII‐1‐4. Our in vitro gastrointestinal digestion analysis revealed that EDIII‐1‐4 antigens are well protected when passing through the oral and gastric digestion phases but underwent degradation during the intestinal phase. Our results demonstrate that lettuce chloroplast engineering is a promising approach for future production of an affordable oral dengue vaccine.acceptedVersio

  • Production of tetravalent dengue virus envelope protein domain III based antigens in lettuce chloroplasts and immunologic analysis for future oral vaccine development
    'Wiley', 2018
    Co-Authors: Van Eerde André, Gottschamel Johanna, Bock Ralph, Hansen, Kristine Eraker Aasland, Munangandu, Hetron Mweemba, Daniell Henry, Clarke, Jihong Liu
    Abstract:

    Dengue fever is a mosquito (Aedes aegypti) ‐transmitted viral disease that is endemic in more than 125 countries around the world. There are four serotypes of the dengue virus (DENV 1‐4) and a safe and effective dengue vaccine must provide protection against all four serotypes. To date, the first vaccine, Dengvaxia (CYD‐TDV), is available after many decades’ efforts, but only has moderate efficacy. More effective and affordable Vaccines are hence required. Plants offer promising vaccine production platforms and food crops offer additional advantages for the production of edible human and Animal Vaccines, thus eliminating the need for expensive fermentation, purification, cold storage and sterile delivery. Oral Vaccines can elicit humoral and cellular immunity via both the mucosal and humoral immune systems. Here, we report the production of tetravalent EDIII antigen (EDIII‐1‐4) in stably transformed lettuce chloroplasts. Transplastomic EDIII‐1‐4‐expressing lettuce lines were obtained and homoplasmy was verified by Southern blot analysis. Expression of EDIII‐1‐4 antigens was demonstrated by immunoblotting, with the EDIII‐1‐4 antigen accumulating to 3.45% of the total protein content. Immunological assays in rabbits showed immunogenicity of EDIII‐1‐4. Our in vitro gastrointestinal digestion analysis revealed that EDIII‐1‐4 antigens are well protected when passing through the oral and gastric digestion phases but underwent degradation during the intestinal phase. Our results demonstrate that lettuce chloroplast engineering is a promising approach for future production of an affordable oral dengue vaccine.publishedVersio