The Experts below are selected from a list of 37209 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Angela Ivask - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Selective antibiofilm properties and biocompatibility of nano-ZnO and nano-ZnO/Ag coated Surfaces.
Scientific Reports, 2020Co-Authors: Merilin Rosenberg, Meeri Visnapuu, Heik Vija, Vambola Kisand, Kaja Kasemets, Anne Kahru, Angela IvaskAbstract:Spread of pathogenic microbes and antibiotic-resistant bacteria in health-care settings and public spaces is a serious public health challenge. Materials that prevent solid Surface colonization or impede touch-transfer of viable microbes could provide means to decrease pathogen transfer from high-touch Surfaces in critical applications. ZnO and Ag nanoparticles have shown great potential in Antimicrobial applications. Less is known about nano-enabled Surfaces. Here we demonstrate that Surfaces coated with nano-ZnO or nano-ZnO/Ag composites are not cytotoxic to human keratinocytes and possess species-selective medium-dependent antibiofilm activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. Colonization of nano-ZnO and nano-ZnO/Ag Surfaces by E. coli and S. aureus was decreased in static oligotrophic conditions (no planktonic growth). Moderate to no effect was observed for bacterial biofilms in growth medium (supporting exponential growth). Inversely, nano-ZnO Surfaces enhanced biofilm formation by C. albicans in oligotrophic conditions. However, enhanced C. albicans biofilm formation on nano-ZnO Surfaces was effectively counteracted by the addition of Ag. Possible selective enhancement of biofilm formation by the yeast C. albicans on Zn-enabled Surfaces should be taken into account in Antimicrobial Surface development. Our results also indicated the importance of the use of application-appropriate test conditions and exposure medium in Antimicrobial Surface testing.
-
Selective antibiofilm properties and biocompatibility of nano-ZnO and nano-ZnO/Ag coated Surfaces
bioRxiv, 2020Co-Authors: Merilin Rosenberg, Meeri Visnapuu, Heik Vija, Vambola Kisand, Kaja Kasemets, Anne Kahru, Angela IvaskAbstract:Spread of pathogenic microbes and antibiotic-resistant bacteria in health-care settings and public spaces 1is a serious public health challenge. Materials and Surface-treatments that prevent solid Surface colonization and biofilm formation or impede touch-transfer of viable microbes could provide means to decrease pathogen transfer from high-touch Surfaces in critical applications. Both, ZnO and Ag nanoparticles have shown a great potential in Antimicrobial applications. Although Antimicrobial properties of such nanoparticle suspensions and their biocompatibility with human cells are well studied, less is known about nano-enabled solid Surfaces. Here we demonstrate that Surfaces coated with nano-ZnO or nano-ZnO/Ag composites possess species-selective medium-dependent antibiofilm activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. Colonization of nano-ZnO Surfaces by E. coli and S. aureus was decreased in oligotrophic (nutrient-poor, no growth) conditions with E. coli showing higher sensitivity to Ag and S. aureus to Zn, respectively. Minor to no effect was observed for bacteria in growth medium (nutrient-rich, exponential growth). Inversely, compared to uncoated Surfaces, nano-ZnO Surfaces enhanced biofilm formation by C. albicans in oligotrophic conditions and just a minor transient negative effect was seen in nutrient-rich medium. However, enhanced C. albicans biofilm formation on nano-ZnO Surfaces was effectively counteracted by the addition of Ag. Our results not only showed that nano-ZnO/Ag coated solid Surfaces have the potential to effectively decrease Surface colonization by the bacteria E. coli and S. aureus but also indicated the importance of the use of application-appropriate test conditions and exposure medium in Antimicrobial Surface testing. Possible selective enhancement of biofilm formation by the yeast C. albicans on Zn-enabled Surfaces should be taken into account in Antimicrobial Surface development.
-
Potential ecotoxicological effects of Antimicrobial Surface coatings: a literature survey backed up by analysis of market reports.
PeerJ, 2019Co-Authors: Merilin Rosenberg, Krunoslav Ilić, Katre Juganson, Merja Ahonen, Ivana Vinković Vrček, Angela Ivask, Anne KahruAbstract:: This review was initiated by the COST action CA15114 AMICI "Anti-Microbial Coating Innovations to prevent infectious diseases," where one important aspect is to analyze ecotoxicological impacts of Antimicrobial coatings (AMCs) to ensure their sustainable use. Scopus database was used to collect scientific literature on the types and uses of AMCs, while market reports were used to collect data on production volumes. Special attention was paid on data obtained for the release of the most prevalent ingredients of AMCs into the aqueous phase that was used as the proxy for their possible ecotoxicological effects. Based on the critical analysis of 2,720 papers, it can be concluded that silver-based AMCs are by far the most studied and used coatings followed by those based on titanium, copper, zinc, chitosan and quaternary ammonium compounds. The literature analysis pointed to biomedicine, followed by marine industry, construction industry (paints), food industry and textiles as the main fields of application of AMCs. The published data on ecotoxicological effects of AMCs was scarce, and also only a small number of the papers provided information on release of Antimicrobial ingredients from AMCs. The available release data allowed to conclude that silver, copper and zinc are often released in substantial amounts (up to 100%) from the coatings to the aqueous environment. Chitosan and titanium were mostly not used as active released ingredients in AMCs, but rather as carriers for other release-based Antimicrobial ingredients (e.g., conventional antibiotics). While minimizing the prevalence of healthcare-associated infections appeared to be the most prosperous field of AMCs application, the release of environmentally hazardous ingredients of AMCs into hospital wastewaters and thus, also the environmental risks associated with AMCs, comprise currently only a fraction of the release and risks of traditional disinfectants. However, being proactive, while the use of Antimicrobial/antifouling coatings could currently pose ecotoxicological effects mainly in marine applications, the broad use of AMCs in other applications like medicine, food packaging and textiles should be postponed until reaching evidences on the (i) profound efficiency of these materials in controlling the spread of pathogenic microbes and (ii) safety of AMCs for the human and ecosystems.
Merilin Rosenberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Selective antibiofilm properties and biocompatibility of nano-ZnO and nano-ZnO/Ag coated Surfaces.
Scientific Reports, 2020Co-Authors: Merilin Rosenberg, Meeri Visnapuu, Heik Vija, Vambola Kisand, Kaja Kasemets, Anne Kahru, Angela IvaskAbstract:Spread of pathogenic microbes and antibiotic-resistant bacteria in health-care settings and public spaces is a serious public health challenge. Materials that prevent solid Surface colonization or impede touch-transfer of viable microbes could provide means to decrease pathogen transfer from high-touch Surfaces in critical applications. ZnO and Ag nanoparticles have shown great potential in Antimicrobial applications. Less is known about nano-enabled Surfaces. Here we demonstrate that Surfaces coated with nano-ZnO or nano-ZnO/Ag composites are not cytotoxic to human keratinocytes and possess species-selective medium-dependent antibiofilm activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. Colonization of nano-ZnO and nano-ZnO/Ag Surfaces by E. coli and S. aureus was decreased in static oligotrophic conditions (no planktonic growth). Moderate to no effect was observed for bacterial biofilms in growth medium (supporting exponential growth). Inversely, nano-ZnO Surfaces enhanced biofilm formation by C. albicans in oligotrophic conditions. However, enhanced C. albicans biofilm formation on nano-ZnO Surfaces was effectively counteracted by the addition of Ag. Possible selective enhancement of biofilm formation by the yeast C. albicans on Zn-enabled Surfaces should be taken into account in Antimicrobial Surface development. Our results also indicated the importance of the use of application-appropriate test conditions and exposure medium in Antimicrobial Surface testing.
-
Selective antibiofilm properties and biocompatibility of nano-ZnO and nano-ZnO/Ag coated Surfaces
bioRxiv, 2020Co-Authors: Merilin Rosenberg, Meeri Visnapuu, Heik Vija, Vambola Kisand, Kaja Kasemets, Anne Kahru, Angela IvaskAbstract:Spread of pathogenic microbes and antibiotic-resistant bacteria in health-care settings and public spaces 1is a serious public health challenge. Materials and Surface-treatments that prevent solid Surface colonization and biofilm formation or impede touch-transfer of viable microbes could provide means to decrease pathogen transfer from high-touch Surfaces in critical applications. Both, ZnO and Ag nanoparticles have shown a great potential in Antimicrobial applications. Although Antimicrobial properties of such nanoparticle suspensions and their biocompatibility with human cells are well studied, less is known about nano-enabled solid Surfaces. Here we demonstrate that Surfaces coated with nano-ZnO or nano-ZnO/Ag composites possess species-selective medium-dependent antibiofilm activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. Colonization of nano-ZnO Surfaces by E. coli and S. aureus was decreased in oligotrophic (nutrient-poor, no growth) conditions with E. coli showing higher sensitivity to Ag and S. aureus to Zn, respectively. Minor to no effect was observed for bacteria in growth medium (nutrient-rich, exponential growth). Inversely, compared to uncoated Surfaces, nano-ZnO Surfaces enhanced biofilm formation by C. albicans in oligotrophic conditions and just a minor transient negative effect was seen in nutrient-rich medium. However, enhanced C. albicans biofilm formation on nano-ZnO Surfaces was effectively counteracted by the addition of Ag. Our results not only showed that nano-ZnO/Ag coated solid Surfaces have the potential to effectively decrease Surface colonization by the bacteria E. coli and S. aureus but also indicated the importance of the use of application-appropriate test conditions and exposure medium in Antimicrobial Surface testing. Possible selective enhancement of biofilm formation by the yeast C. albicans on Zn-enabled Surfaces should be taken into account in Antimicrobial Surface development.
-
Potential ecotoxicological effects of Antimicrobial Surface coatings: a literature survey backed up by analysis of market reports.
PeerJ, 2019Co-Authors: Merilin Rosenberg, Krunoslav Ilić, Katre Juganson, Merja Ahonen, Ivana Vinković Vrček, Angela Ivask, Anne KahruAbstract:: This review was initiated by the COST action CA15114 AMICI "Anti-Microbial Coating Innovations to prevent infectious diseases," where one important aspect is to analyze ecotoxicological impacts of Antimicrobial coatings (AMCs) to ensure their sustainable use. Scopus database was used to collect scientific literature on the types and uses of AMCs, while market reports were used to collect data on production volumes. Special attention was paid on data obtained for the release of the most prevalent ingredients of AMCs into the aqueous phase that was used as the proxy for their possible ecotoxicological effects. Based on the critical analysis of 2,720 papers, it can be concluded that silver-based AMCs are by far the most studied and used coatings followed by those based on titanium, copper, zinc, chitosan and quaternary ammonium compounds. The literature analysis pointed to biomedicine, followed by marine industry, construction industry (paints), food industry and textiles as the main fields of application of AMCs. The published data on ecotoxicological effects of AMCs was scarce, and also only a small number of the papers provided information on release of Antimicrobial ingredients from AMCs. The available release data allowed to conclude that silver, copper and zinc are often released in substantial amounts (up to 100%) from the coatings to the aqueous environment. Chitosan and titanium were mostly not used as active released ingredients in AMCs, but rather as carriers for other release-based Antimicrobial ingredients (e.g., conventional antibiotics). While minimizing the prevalence of healthcare-associated infections appeared to be the most prosperous field of AMCs application, the release of environmentally hazardous ingredients of AMCs into hospital wastewaters and thus, also the environmental risks associated with AMCs, comprise currently only a fraction of the release and risks of traditional disinfectants. However, being proactive, while the use of Antimicrobial/antifouling coatings could currently pose ecotoxicological effects mainly in marine applications, the broad use of AMCs in other applications like medicine, food packaging and textiles should be postponed until reaching evidences on the (i) profound efficiency of these materials in controlling the spread of pathogenic microbes and (ii) safety of AMCs for the human and ecosystems.
Anne Kahru - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Selective antibiofilm properties and biocompatibility of nano-ZnO and nano-ZnO/Ag coated Surfaces.
Scientific Reports, 2020Co-Authors: Merilin Rosenberg, Meeri Visnapuu, Heik Vija, Vambola Kisand, Kaja Kasemets, Anne Kahru, Angela IvaskAbstract:Spread of pathogenic microbes and antibiotic-resistant bacteria in health-care settings and public spaces is a serious public health challenge. Materials that prevent solid Surface colonization or impede touch-transfer of viable microbes could provide means to decrease pathogen transfer from high-touch Surfaces in critical applications. ZnO and Ag nanoparticles have shown great potential in Antimicrobial applications. Less is known about nano-enabled Surfaces. Here we demonstrate that Surfaces coated with nano-ZnO or nano-ZnO/Ag composites are not cytotoxic to human keratinocytes and possess species-selective medium-dependent antibiofilm activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. Colonization of nano-ZnO and nano-ZnO/Ag Surfaces by E. coli and S. aureus was decreased in static oligotrophic conditions (no planktonic growth). Moderate to no effect was observed for bacterial biofilms in growth medium (supporting exponential growth). Inversely, nano-ZnO Surfaces enhanced biofilm formation by C. albicans in oligotrophic conditions. However, enhanced C. albicans biofilm formation on nano-ZnO Surfaces was effectively counteracted by the addition of Ag. Possible selective enhancement of biofilm formation by the yeast C. albicans on Zn-enabled Surfaces should be taken into account in Antimicrobial Surface development. Our results also indicated the importance of the use of application-appropriate test conditions and exposure medium in Antimicrobial Surface testing.
-
Selective antibiofilm properties and biocompatibility of nano-ZnO and nano-ZnO/Ag coated Surfaces
bioRxiv, 2020Co-Authors: Merilin Rosenberg, Meeri Visnapuu, Heik Vija, Vambola Kisand, Kaja Kasemets, Anne Kahru, Angela IvaskAbstract:Spread of pathogenic microbes and antibiotic-resistant bacteria in health-care settings and public spaces 1is a serious public health challenge. Materials and Surface-treatments that prevent solid Surface colonization and biofilm formation or impede touch-transfer of viable microbes could provide means to decrease pathogen transfer from high-touch Surfaces in critical applications. Both, ZnO and Ag nanoparticles have shown a great potential in Antimicrobial applications. Although Antimicrobial properties of such nanoparticle suspensions and their biocompatibility with human cells are well studied, less is known about nano-enabled solid Surfaces. Here we demonstrate that Surfaces coated with nano-ZnO or nano-ZnO/Ag composites possess species-selective medium-dependent antibiofilm activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. Colonization of nano-ZnO Surfaces by E. coli and S. aureus was decreased in oligotrophic (nutrient-poor, no growth) conditions with E. coli showing higher sensitivity to Ag and S. aureus to Zn, respectively. Minor to no effect was observed for bacteria in growth medium (nutrient-rich, exponential growth). Inversely, compared to uncoated Surfaces, nano-ZnO Surfaces enhanced biofilm formation by C. albicans in oligotrophic conditions and just a minor transient negative effect was seen in nutrient-rich medium. However, enhanced C. albicans biofilm formation on nano-ZnO Surfaces was effectively counteracted by the addition of Ag. Our results not only showed that nano-ZnO/Ag coated solid Surfaces have the potential to effectively decrease Surface colonization by the bacteria E. coli and S. aureus but also indicated the importance of the use of application-appropriate test conditions and exposure medium in Antimicrobial Surface testing. Possible selective enhancement of biofilm formation by the yeast C. albicans on Zn-enabled Surfaces should be taken into account in Antimicrobial Surface development.
-
Potential ecotoxicological effects of Antimicrobial Surface coatings: a literature survey backed up by analysis of market reports.
PeerJ, 2019Co-Authors: Merilin Rosenberg, Krunoslav Ilić, Katre Juganson, Merja Ahonen, Ivana Vinković Vrček, Angela Ivask, Anne KahruAbstract:: This review was initiated by the COST action CA15114 AMICI "Anti-Microbial Coating Innovations to prevent infectious diseases," where one important aspect is to analyze ecotoxicological impacts of Antimicrobial coatings (AMCs) to ensure their sustainable use. Scopus database was used to collect scientific literature on the types and uses of AMCs, while market reports were used to collect data on production volumes. Special attention was paid on data obtained for the release of the most prevalent ingredients of AMCs into the aqueous phase that was used as the proxy for their possible ecotoxicological effects. Based on the critical analysis of 2,720 papers, it can be concluded that silver-based AMCs are by far the most studied and used coatings followed by those based on titanium, copper, zinc, chitosan and quaternary ammonium compounds. The literature analysis pointed to biomedicine, followed by marine industry, construction industry (paints), food industry and textiles as the main fields of application of AMCs. The published data on ecotoxicological effects of AMCs was scarce, and also only a small number of the papers provided information on release of Antimicrobial ingredients from AMCs. The available release data allowed to conclude that silver, copper and zinc are often released in substantial amounts (up to 100%) from the coatings to the aqueous environment. Chitosan and titanium were mostly not used as active released ingredients in AMCs, but rather as carriers for other release-based Antimicrobial ingredients (e.g., conventional antibiotics). While minimizing the prevalence of healthcare-associated infections appeared to be the most prosperous field of AMCs application, the release of environmentally hazardous ingredients of AMCs into hospital wastewaters and thus, also the environmental risks associated with AMCs, comprise currently only a fraction of the release and risks of traditional disinfectants. However, being proactive, while the use of Antimicrobial/antifouling coatings could currently pose ecotoxicological effects mainly in marine applications, the broad use of AMCs in other applications like medicine, food packaging and textiles should be postponed until reaching evidences on the (i) profound efficiency of these materials in controlling the spread of pathogenic microbes and (ii) safety of AMCs for the human and ecosystems.
Elisabeth Grohmann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Multi-resistant biofilm-forming pathogens on the International Space Station
Journal of Biosciences, 2019Co-Authors: Ankita Vaishampayan, Elisabeth GrohmannAbstract:The International Space Station (ISS) is a confined and closed habitat with unique conditions such as cosmic radiation, and microgravity. These conditions have a strong effect on the human and spacecraft microflora. They can affect the immune response of the crew-members, thus posing a threat to their health. Microbial diversity and abundance of microorganisms from Surfaces, air filters and air samples on the ISS have been studied. Enterobacteriaceae , Bacillus spp., Propionibacterium spp., Corynebacterium spp., and Staphylococcus spp. were among the most frequently isolated bacteria. Microbial growth, biofilm formation, stress response, and pathogenicity are affected by microgravity. Increased resistance to antibiotics in bacteria isolated from the ISS has often been reported. Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus spp. isolates from the ISS have been shown to harbor plasmid-encoded transfer genes. These genes facilitate the dissemination of antibiotic resistances. These features of ISS-pathogens call for novel approaches including highly effective Antimicrobials which can be easily used on the ISS. A promising material is the Antimicrobial Surface coating AGXX®, a self-recycling material consisting of two noble metals. It drastically reduced microbial growth of multi-resistant human pathogens, such as staphylococci and enterococci. Further novel approaches include the application of cold atmospheric plasma for the sterilization of spacecrafts.
-
A Novel Antimicrobial Coating Represses Biofilm and Virulence-Related Genes in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
Frontiers in Microbiology, 2018Co-Authors: Ankita Vaishampayan, Anne De Jong, Darren J. Wight, Elisabeth GrohmannAbstract:Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become an important cause of hospital-acquired infections worldwide. It is one of the most threatening pathogens due to its multi-drug resistance and strong biofilm-forming capacity. Thus, there is an urgent need for novel alternative strategies to combat bacterial infections. Recently, we demonstrated that a novel Antimicrobial Surface coating, AGXX®, consisting of micro-galvanic elements of the two noble metals, silver and ruthenium, Surface-conditioned with ascorbic acid, efficiently inhibits MRSA growth. In this study, we demonstrated that the Antimicrobial coating caused a significant reduction in biofilm formation (46%) of the clinical MRSA isolate, S. aureus 04-02981. To understand the molecular mechanism of the Antimicrobial coating, we exposed S. aureus 04-02981 for different time-periods to the coating and investigated its molecular response via next-generation RNA-sequencing. A conventional Antimicrobial silver coating served as a control. RNA-sequencing demonstrated down-regulation of many biofilm-associated genes and of genes related to virulence of S. aureus. The Antimicrobial substance also down-regulated the two-component quorum-sensing system agr suggesting that it might interfere with quorum-sensing while diminishing biofilm formation in S. aureus 04-02981.
-
Stress response of a clinical Enterococcus faecalis isolate subjected to a novel Antimicrobial Surface coating.
Microbiological Research, 2017Co-Authors: Emanuel Clauss-lendzian, Ankita Vaishampayan, Uwe Landau, Carsten Meyer, Anne De Jong, Elisabeth GrohmannAbstract:Abstract Emerging antibiotic resistance among pathogenic bacteria, paired with their ability to form biofilms on medical and technical devices, represents a serious problem for effective and long-term decontamination in health-care environments and gives rise to an urgent need for new Antimicrobial materials. Here we present the impact of AGXX ® , a novel broad-spectrum Antimicrobial Surface coating consisting of micro-galvanic elements formed by silver and ruthenium, on the transcriptome of Enterococcus faecalis . A clinical E. faecalis isolate was subjected to metal stress by growing it for different periods in presence of the Antimicrobial coating or silver-coated steel meshes. Subsequently, total RNA was isolated and next-generation RNA sequencing was performed to analyze variations in gene expression in presence of the Antimicrobial materials with focus on known stress genes. Exposure to the Antimicrobial coating had a large impact on the transcriptome of E. faecalis . After 24 min almost 1/5 of the E. faecalis genome displayed differential expression. At each time-point the cop operon was strongly up-regulated, providing indirect evidence for the presence of free Ag + -ions. Moreover, exposure to the Antimicrobial coating induced a broad general stress response in E. faecalis . Genes coding for the chaperones GroEL and GroES and the Clp proteases, ClpE and ClpB, were among the top up-regulated heat shock genes. Differential expression of thioredoxin, superoxide dismutase and glutathione synthetase genes indicates a high level of oxidative stress. We postulate a mechanism of action where the combination of Ag + -ions and reactive oxygen species generated by AGXX ® results in a synergistic Antimicrobial effect, superior to that of conventional silver coatings.
Sean P Elliott - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
impact of a novel Antimicrobial Surface coating on healthcare associated infections and environmental bioburden at two urban hospitals
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2019Co-Authors: Katherine Ellingson, Kristen Pogrebabrown, Charles P. Gerba, Sean P ElliottAbstract:BACKGROUND: Approximately 1 in 25 people admitted to a hospital in the United States will suffer a healthcare-associated infection (HAI). Environmental contamination of hospital Surfaces contributes to HAI transmission. We investigated the impact of an Antimicrobial Surface coating on HAIs and environmental bioburden at two urban hospitals. METHODS: A transparent Antimicrobial Surface coating was applied to patient rooms and common areas in three units at each hospital. Longitudinal regression models were used to compare changes in hospital-onset multidrug-resistant organism bloodstream infection (MDRO-BSI) and Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) rates in the 12 months before and after application of the Surface coating. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were compared for units receiving the Surface coating application and for contemporaneous control units. Environmental samples were collected pre- and post-application to identify bacterial colony forming units (CFU) and percent of sites positive for select clinically relevant pathogens. RESULTS: Across both hospitals, there was a 36% decline in pooled HAIs (MDRO-BSI + CDI) in units receiving Surface coating application (IRR=0.64, 95% CI=0.44-0.91), and no decline in control units (IRR=1.20, 95% CI=0.92-1.55). Following the Surface application, total bacterial CFU at Hospitals A and B declined by 64% and 75%, respectively; the percentage of environmental samples positive for clinically relevant pathogens also declined significantly for both hospitals. CONCLUSIONS: Statistically significant reductions in HAIs and environmental bioburden occurred in units receiving the Antimicrobial Surface coating, suggesting the potential for improved patient outcomes and persistent reduction in environmental contamination. Future studies should assess optimal implementation methods and long-term impact.
-
Impact of a Novel Antimicrobial Surface Coating on Health Care-Associated Infections and Environmental Bioburden at 2 Urban Hospitals.
Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2019Co-Authors: Katherine Ellingson, Charles P. Gerba, Kristen Pogreba-brown, Sean P ElliottAbstract:BACKGROUND Approximately 1 in 25 people admitted to a hospital in the United States will suffer a health care-associated infection (HAI). Environmental contamination of hospital Surfaces contributes to HAI transmission. We investigated the impact of an Antimicrobial Surface coating on HAIs and environmental bioburdens at 2 urban hospitals. METHODS A transparent Antimicrobial Surface coating was applied to patient rooms and common areas in 3 units at each hospital. Longitudinal regression models were used to compare changes in hospital-onset multidrug-resistant organism bloodstream infection (MDRO-BSI) and Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) rates in the 12 months before and after application of the Surface coating. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were compared for units receiving the Surface coating application and for contemporaneous control units. Environmental samples were collected pre- and post-application to identify bacterial colony forming units (CFUs) and the percent of sites positive for select, clinically relevant pathogens. RESULTS Across both hospitals, there was a 36% decline in pooled HAIs (combined MDRO-BSIs and CDIs) in units receiving the Surface coating application (IRR, 0.64; 95% confidence interval [CI], .44-.91), and no decline in the control units (IRR, 1.20; 95% CI, .92-1.55). Following the Surface application, the total bacterial CFUs at Hospitals A and B declined by 79% and 75%, respectively; the percentages of environmental samples positive for clinically relevant pathogens also declined significantly for both hospitals. CONCLUSIONS Statistically significant reductions in HAIs and environmental bioburdens occurred in the units receiving the Antimicrobial Surface coating, suggesting the potential for improved patient outcomes and persistent reductions in environmental contamination. Future studies should assess optimal implementation methods and long-term impacts.
-
1216. A Novel Antimicrobial Surface Coating Demonstrates Persistent Reduction of both Microbial Burden and Healthcare-Associated Infections at Two High-acuity Hospitals
Open Forum Infectious Diseases, 2019Co-Authors: Sean P Elliott, Katherine Ellingson, Kristen Pogebra-brown, Charles P. GerbaAbstract:Abstract Background Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) pose substantial risks to patients and hospitals. Surface disinfection practices in hospitals have limited efficacy because Surfaces are frequently and easily re-contaminated. A need for innovative technologies to address these challenges exists. One such innovation is a novel Antimicrobial Surface coating with potential to persistently reduce environmental bacterial load. Here, we use a multicenter, nonrandomized, controlled, pre-post study design to assess the impact of an Antimicrobial Surface coating on environmental bioburden and HAIs at two high acuity hospitals. Methods An Antimicrobial Surface coating was applied via electrostatic spray to patient rooms and common areas in three selected units at each hospital. Quantitative Surface cultures were sent to an independent microbiology laboratory pre- and 11-weeks post-application to identify total bacterial colony-forming units (CFU). HAI outcomes from treatment and contemporaneous control units were assessed using National Healthcare Safety Network protocols for multidrug-resistant organism bloodstream infections (MDRO-BSI) and Clostridium difficile infections (CDI). We used Poisson regression models to compare HAI rates for treated and untreated units for 12-months before and after application of Surface coating. Results Both hospitals showed statistically significant decreases in total bacterial CFU following application of the Antimicrobial Surface coating (64% and 75% decreases in Hospitals A and B, respectively, P < 0.0001). Across both hospitals, there was a 36% decline in pooled HAIs (hospital-onset MDRO-BSI + CDI) following application of Surface coating in treated units (IRR = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.44–0.91), and no decline in HAIs over the same period in nontreated units (IRR = 1.20, 95% CI = 0.92–1.55). Conclusion Significant and persistent reductions in both microbial burden and associated HAIs occurred in units where Surfaces were treated with Antimicrobial Surface coating, suggesting the potential for improved patient outcomes and reduced healthcare costs. Optimal implementation methods and long-term impact should be assessed with further study of this novel environmental control intervention. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
