The Experts below are selected from a list of 321 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
M. Cheralathan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION TO MITIGATE EXHAUST EMISSIONS IN A SINGLE CYLINDER CI ENGINE FUELLED WITH METHYL ESTER OF NEEM OIL USING TOCOPHEROL ACETATE
2020Co-Authors: M. CheralathanAbstract:Biodiesel offers cleaner combustion over conventional diesel fuel including reduced particulate matter, carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbon emissions. However, several studies reported slight increase in NOx emissions (about 13%) for biodiesel fuel compared with conventional diesel fuel. Use of Antioxidant Additives is one of the most cost-effective ways to reduce the formation of NOx. In this study, the effect of Antioxidant Additive (-Tocopherol Acetate) on NOx emissions in a neem methyl ester fuelled direct injection diesel engine has been investigated experimentally. The Antioxidant Additive is mixed in various proportions with neem methyl ester and was tested in computerized 4-stroke water-cooled single cylinder diesel engine of 3.5 kW rated power. Results show that the Antioxidant Additive is effective in controlling the emissions like NOx, HC and Smoke intensity of neem biodiesel fuelled diesel engines. Particularly for MENO200T mixture, NOx emissions reduce by 22.41 % at full load conditions due to the delay or inhibitions of oxidative process by donating an electron or hydrogen atom to a radical derivative.
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The effect of Antioxidant Additives with methyl ester of neem oil on the oxidation stability
Energy Sources Part A-recovery Utilization and Environmental Effects, 2016Co-Authors: G. Balaji, M. CheralathanAbstract:ABSTRACTBiodiesel as an alternative to diesel fuel prepared from vegetable oils or animal fats has attracted more and more attention because of its renewability and environment-friendly nature. But biodiesel undergoes oxidation and degenerates more quickly than mineral diesel. This problem needs to be addressed to increase the biodiesel usage. In this paper, the experimental investigation on the effect of Antioxidant Additives on the oxidation stability of a methyl ester of neem oil (MENO) was reported. The Antioxidant Additive is mixed in various proportions (100–400 ppm) with MENO. The oxidation stability was tested in the Rancimat apparatus. Results show that the Antioxidant Additive is effective in increasing the oxidation stability of MENO.
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Experimental investigation to reduce exhaust emissions in a single cylinder CI engine fuelled with methyl ester of neem oil using Antioxidant (L-ascorbic acid)
Biofuels, 2016Co-Authors: G. Balaji, M. CheralathanAbstract:ABSTRACTBiodiesel offers cleaner combustion over conventional diesel fuel, including reduced particulate matter, carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbon emissions. However, several studies point to a slight increase in NOx emissions (about 13%) for biodiesel fuel compared with conventional diesel fuel. The use of Antioxidant Additives is one of the most cost-effective ways to reduce the formation of NOx. In this study, the effect of Antioxidant Additive (L-ascorbic acid) on NOx emissions in a neem methyl ester fuelled direct injection diesel engine has been investigated experimentally. The Antioxidant Additive is mixed in various proportions with neem methyl ester and was tested in computerized four-stroke, water-cooled single cylinder diesel engine of 3.5 kW rated power. Results show that the Antioxidant Additive is effective in controlling the emissions like NOx, HC and CO2 of neem biodiesel fuelled diesel engines. Particularly for LA300 mixture, NOx emissions reduce by 16.95% at full load conditions d...
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simultaneous reduction of nox and hc emissions in a ci engine fueled with methyl ester of neem oil using ethylenediamine as Antioxidant Additive
Energy Sources Part A-recovery Utilization and Environmental Effects, 2015Co-Authors: G. Balaji, M. CheralathanAbstract:Biodiesel offers cleaner combustion over conventional diesel fuel, including reduced particulate matter, carbon monoxide, and unburned hydrocarbon emissions. However, several studies point to an increase in NOx emissions for biodiesel fuel compared with conventional diesel fuel. In this article, the experimental investigation of the effect of Antioxidant Additive (ethylenediamine) on NOx and HC emissions in a methyl ester of neem oil fueled direct-injection diesel engine has been reported. The Antioxidant Additive is mixed in various proportions with methyl ester of neem oil and was tested in a computerized four-stroke water-cooled single-cylinder diesel engine of 3.5 kW rated power. Results show that the Antioxidant Additive is effective in controlling the NOx and HC emissions of methyl ester of neem oil fueled diesel engines.
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Experimental investigation of Antioxidant effect on oxidation stability and emissions in a methyl ester of neem oil fueled DI diesel engine
Renewable Energy, 2015Co-Authors: G. Balaji, M. CheralathanAbstract:In this paper, the experimental investigation of the effect of Antioxidant Additive (A-tocopherol acetate) on oxidation stability and NOx emissions in a methyl ester of neem oil fueled direct injection diesel engine has been reported. The Antioxidant Additive is mixed in various proportions (100-400 ppm) with methyl ester of neem oil. The oxidation stability was tested in Rancimat apparatus and emissions, performance in a computerized 4-stroke water-cooled single cylinder diesel engine of 3.5 kW rated power. Results show that the Antioxidant Additive is effective in increasing the oxidation stability and in controlling the NOx emissions of methyl ester of neem oil fueled diesel engines. However, HC, CO, smoke emissions and brake specific energy consumption were found to have increased by the addition of Antioxidants.
J L Sanchez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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renewable Antioxidant Additive for biodiesel obtained from black liquor
Fuel, 2019Co-Authors: Jeanmichel Lavoie, Noemi Gillalaguna, Alberto Gonzalo, Thierry Ghislain, Emmanuelle Bahl, J Arauzo, J L SanchezAbstract:Abstract Black liquor obtained from semichemical pulping of barley straw was depolymerized in a stirred autoclave reactor, at temperature in the range of 250–300 °C while varying the amount of catalyst (zeolite Y). Three fractions were obtained from the depolymerized liquor: a fraction directly extracted from the liquid with isopropyl acetate (Lα), a second one which contains the heaviest compounds precipitated from the liquid at pH 1 (Lβ) and a third one obtained by extraction of the acidified liquid (Lγ). The three fractions were tested as Antioxidant Additives for biodiesel, blending them individually at a dosage of 1 wt%. The Antioxidant activity was Lα > Lγ > Lβ. The Lα fraction showed the highest Antioxidant activity, increasing the oxidation stability time over neat biodiesel from 150 to 250%. The phenolic volatile content of the fractions (measured by GC/MS) decreased in the same rank (Lα > Lγ > Lβ), so there doesn’t seem to be correlation between the volatile content and the increase of Antioxidant activity. Depolymerizarion temperature was the most influential parameter, showing a clear positive effect on the Antioxidant activity for the three fractions.
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performance and emissions of a diesel engine using sunflower biodiesel with a renewable Antioxidant Additive from bio oil
Fuel, 2018Co-Authors: Cristina Dueso, M Munoz, F Moreno, J Arroyo, Noemi Gillalaguna, Ana Bautista, Alberto Gonzalo, J L SanchezAbstract:Abstract The aim of this study is to test the behaviour of sunflower biodiesel in a diesel engine after being treated with a natural Antioxidant Additive produced from bio-oil extraction (final dosage of bio-oil compounds in doped biodiesel of 1.9 wt%). The influence of this renewable Additive in both the engine performance and the produced emissions was evaluated. Five more fuels were used for the sake of comparison: petroleum diesel, neat sunflower biodiesel without Additives, commercial biodiesel, commercial B10 blend and another B10 blend prepared from petro-diesel and doped sunflower biodiesel. Brake power was found to be similar for the six fuels, while the brake specific fuel consumption and the brake thermal efficiency were higher for biodiesel fuels. Only slight differences (
Ying Dong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Ultrasound-assisted lipase-catalyzed synthesis of D-isoascorbyl palmitate: Process optimization and Kinetic evaluation
Chemistry Central Journal, 2013Co-Authors: Feng Jie Cui, Si Lian Yu, Wen-jing Sun, Zhuan Wei, Hong-xia Zhao, Qiang Zhou, Ying DongAbstract:BACKGROUND: D-isoascorbic acid is a food Antioxidant Additive and used in accordance with Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP). High solubility in water (about 150 g/L at 25°C) reduces its effectiveness in stabilizing fats and oils. Our research group had successfully synthesized D-isoascorbyl palmitate using immobilized lipase Novozym 435 as a biocatalyst. Low production efficiency of D-isoascorbyl palmitate is still a problem for industrial production due to the long reaction time of over 24 h. In the present work, ultrasonic treatment was applied for accelerating the reaction process. The operation parameters were optimized to obtain the maximum D-isoascorbyl palmitate conversion rate by using a 5-level-4-factor Central Composite Design (CCD) and Response Surface Methdology (RSM). The reaction apparent kinetic parameters under the ultrasound treatment and mechanical shaking conditions were also determined and compared.\n\nRESULTS: Results showed that ultrasound treatment decreased the reaction time by over 50%. D-isoascorbyl palmitate yielded to 94.32 ± 0.17% and the productivity reached to 8.67 g L-1 h-1 under the optimized conditions as: 9% of enzyme load (w/w), 61°C of reaction temperature, 1:5 of D- isoascorbic-to-palmitic acid molar ratio, and 137 W of the ultrasound power. The immobilized lipase Novozym 435 could be reused for 7 times with 65% of the remained D-isoascorbyl palmitate conversion rate. The reaction kinetics showed that the maximum apparent reaction rate (vmax) of the ultrasound-assisted reaction was 2.85 times higher than that of the mechanical shaking, which proved that ultrasound treatment significantly enhanced the reaction efficiency.\n\nCONCLUSION: A systematic study on ultrasound-assisted enzymatic esterification for D-isoascorbyl palmitate production is reported. The results show a promising perspective of the ultrasound technique to reduce the reaction time and improve the production efficiency. The commercial D-isoascorbyl palmitate synthesis will be potentially realized due to this ultrasound-promoted esters synthesis method.
Bose Narayanasamy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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correction to effect of basil Antioxidant Additive on the performance combustion and emission characteristics of used cooking oil biodiesel in ci engine
Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 2020Co-Authors: Nagarajan Jeyakumar, Bose NarayanasamyAbstract:As the demand for fossil fuels has increased tremendously, cooking oil is found to be an effective source of biodiesel, but storage problems and NOX emissions are the major disadvantages. The current study discusses the effect of natural Antioxidant Additive Basil on the performance, emission and combustion characteristics of used cooking oil biodiesel in a diesel engine. The Basil powder prepared has been characterized through scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy-dispersive spectrum and CHNS analysis. Thermal analysis of the prepared Basil particles has been carried out by employing thermal gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The addition of ethanol extracts of the Antioxidant increased the oxidation stability measured in terms of the induction period of the biodiesel. The DPPH scavenging activity for the Basil extract increased with concentration, which represents the Antioxidant characteristics. The composition of fatty acid and fuel properties of the prepared biodiesel have been determined by means of gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The Antioxidant was added to used cooking oil blend (UCOME20) at a concentration of 500, 1000 and 1500 ppm for which the stability has been determined using zeta potential. The results show that brake thermal efficiency and brake-specific fuel consumption reduced with the addition of Antioxidants. NOx emission decreases, whereas hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide and smoke emissions increase. Also, maximum cylinder pressure and heat release rate decreased with the addition of Basil Antioxidant to UCOME blend when compared to UCOME20.
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Effect of Basil Antioxidant Additive on the performance, combustion and emission characteristics of used cooking oil biodiesel in CI engine
Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 2019Co-Authors: Nagarajan Jeyakumar, Bose NarayanasamyAbstract:As the demand for fossil fuels has increased tremendously, cooking oil is found to be an effective source of biodiesel, but storage problems and NOX emissions are the major disadvantages. The current study discusses the effect of natural Antioxidant Additive Basil on the performance, emission and combustion characteristics of used cooking oil biodiesel in a diesel engine. The Basil powder prepared has been characterized through scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy-dispersive spectrum and CHNS analysis. Thermal analysis of the prepared Basil particles has been carried out by employing thermal gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The addition of ethanol extracts of the Antioxidant increased the oxidation stability measured in terms of the induction period of the biodiesel. The DPPH scavenging activity for the Basil extract increased with concentration, which represents the Antioxidant characteristics. The composition of fatty acid and fuel properties of the prepared biodiesel have been determined by means of gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The Antioxidant was added to used cooking oil blend (UCOME20) at a concentration of 500, 1000 and 1500 ppm for which the stability has been determined using zeta potential. The results show that brake thermal efficiency and brake-specific fuel consumption reduced with the addition of Antioxidants. NOx emission decreases, whereas hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide and smoke emissions increase. Also, maximum cylinder pressure and heat release rate decreased with the addition of Basil Antioxidant to UCOME blend when compared to UCOME20.
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clove as Antioxidant Additive in diesel biodiesel fuel blends in diesel engines
International Journal of Green Energy, 2019Co-Authors: Nagarajan Jeyakumar, Bose NarayanasamyAbstract:ABSTRACTIncreased NOx emission from usage of biodiesel is a burning issue to be dealt with. Many techniques have been adopted to reduce NOx emissions from diesel engines. The present experimental study deals with the analysis of performance and emission characteristics of Cotton Seed oil biodiesel with the addition of natural Antioxidant extract of clove. FTIR analysis characterized the Antioxidant by the presence of hydroxyl groups denoted by the corresponding wave number. The oxidation stability of the test samples was determined in terms of induction period by means of Rancimat test. The induction periods of the test fuel samples B100, B20, B20+CL1000, and B20+CL2000 were found to be 2.20 h, 2.73 h, 10.19 h, and 11.12 h, respectively. Thus, the addition of Clove Antioxidant increased the oxidation stability of the biodiesel. Results show that the addition of Antioxidant to biodiesel blend has increased the Brake Thermal Efficiency to a maximum of 4.71% and decreased the Brake Specific Fuel Consumption ...
Bhaskar Singh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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green tea camellia assamica extract as an Antioxidant Additive to enhance the oxidation stability of biodiesel synthesized from waste cooking oil
Fuel, 2020Co-Authors: Rupam Bharti, Bhaskar SinghAbstract:Abstract Green tea (Camellia assamica) leaves extract as an Antioxidant Additive and its influence on the oxidation stability of biodiesel produced from waste cooking oil (WCO) has been studied. Camellia assamica extract can be used as an eco-friendly and non-toxic alternative of synthetic Antioxidants used to enhance the oxidation stability of biodiesel. The extraction of Antioxidants was performed in an oil bath at 60 °C for 4 h using ethanol as a solvent. Folin-Ciocalteu assay was used to determine the total phenolic content (TPC) of green tea extract spectrophotometrically. Calibration was done using Gallic acid at a concentration of 10–50 ppm in methanol. The calibration curve was used to obtain the concentration of phenolic compounds present in green tea extract. The extract yield was found to be 0.3 g g−1 dry green tea leaves. The TPC in the extract was found to be 173.16 mg GAE g−1 biomass. A 1000 ppm concentration of green tea extract in biodiesel was capable of enhancing the induction period (IP) of biodiesel from 2.88 h to 7.11 h, which met the American (ASTM D67451) and European (EN 14214) standard specification for oxidation stability of biodiesel. Hence, Camellia assamica can be used as a natural Antioxidant for enhancing biodiesel stability in place of synthetic Antioxidants derived from non-renewable resources.
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tinospora cordifolia stem extract as an Antioxidant Additive for enhanced stability of karanja biodiesel
Industrial Crops and Products, 2018Co-Authors: Dipesh Kumar, Bhaskar SinghAbstract:Abstract Oxidative stability of biodiesel is an important fuel quality parameter that not only affects the composition of the fuel but also affects the performance of the engine and tailpipe emissions. The fatty acid profiling of Karanja oil used in this study revealed the presence of ≈69% unsaturated components and the Karanja biodiesel (2.49 h) failed to meet the ASTM D6751 (3 h) and EN 14214 (6 h) specification for oxidation induction period. The utility of T. cordifolia stem extract as an Antioxidant Additive for Karanja biodiesel has been investigated in this work. The extraction experiments were optimised in terms of solvent composition, extraction time and extraction temperature using response surface based Box-Behnken designing approach. Characterisation of the stem extract revealed high total phenolic content with excellent radical scavenging activity. The extract was reasonably soluble in biodiesel, and it was able to extend the oxidation induction period of biodiesel. The ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 specifications were met at a loading of 100 and 600 ppm respectively. The findings of the study indicate that the T. cordifolia stem extract can serve as a cheap, environment-friendly and non-toxic alternative of synthetic Antioxidants.
