Antisocial Behavior

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Paul J. Frick - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Early Identification and Treatment of Antisocial Behavior.
    Pediatric Clinics of North America, 2016
    Co-Authors: Paul J. Frick
    Abstract:

    Severe and persistent Antisocial Behavior is a prevalent, serious, and costly mental health problem. Individuals who are most likely to show persistent Antisocial Behavior through adolescence and into adulthood often show patterns of severe and varied conduct problems early in childhood. Treatments that intervene early in the development of these problems are most effective and least costly. Furthermore, there appear to be several common causal pathways that differ in their genetic, emotional, cognitive, and contextual characteristics. These pathways are differentiated by the level of callous-unemotional traits displayed by the individual.

  • Antisocial Behavior from a developmental psychopathology perspective
    Development and Psychopathology, 2009
    Co-Authors: Paul J. Frick, Essi Viding
    Abstract:

    This paper reviews research on chronic patterns of Antisocial Behavior and places this research into a developmental psychopathologyframework.Specifically,researchsuggeststhatthereareatleastthreeimportantpathwaysthroughwhich children and adolescents can develop severe Antisocial Behaviors. One group of youth shows Antisocial Behavior that begins in adolescence, and two groups show Antisocial Behavior that begins in childhood but differ on the presence or absence of callous–unemotional traits. In outlining these distinct pathways to Antisocial Behavior, we have tried to illustrate some key concepts from developmental psychopathology such as equifinality and multifinality, the importance of understanding the interface between normal and abnormal development, and the importance of using multiple levels of analyses to advance causal theories. Finally, we discuss how this development model can be used to enhance existing interventions for Antisocial individuals. The study of Antisocial, criminal, and aggressive Behaviors has a long and rich research history (Binder, 1987). This intensive focus from research is not surprising given that these Behaviors often operate at a very high cost to society, such as costs to victims of these Behaviors and the costs associated with detaining individuals in an effort to protect potential future victims (Krug, Dahlberg, Mercy, Zwi, & Lozano, 2002; Loeber & Farrington, 2001). Of importance, these Behaviors have been studied from a number of different perspectives, including anthropological, evolutionary, sociological, psychological, and biological perspectives, to name a few. Research from each of these disciplines provides a unique perspective for understanding the course, causes, and most effective interventions for individuals who show severe Antisocial Behaviors. In this paper, and in fitting with this special section, we take a developmental psychopathology approach for integrating the large and diverse research literature on Antisocial Behavior, used broadly to refer to criminal and aggressive Behaviors, as well as other Behaviors that violate the rights of others or major societal norms. We think that a developmental psychopathology approach for integrating this research could be important forat least two reasons. First, a developmental psychopathology framework provides a very useful way for integrating the diverse research literatures into a coherent causal model. This can help us to understand the developmental mechanisms that can lead to Antisocial Behavior patterns and to translate this research into implications for prevention and treatment. Second, research on AntisocialBehaviorprovidesaclearwayofillustrating the importance of several key developmental psychopathology concepts, such as equifinality and multifinality, the importance of integrating research onbothnormalandabnormaldevelopment,andthe importance of integrating multiple level of analyses (e.g., neurological, social, cognitive, Behavioral) for understanding psychopathological conditions. One broad question that is often raised in taking a developmental psychopathology perspective on Antisocial Behavior is whether or

  • Antisocial Behavior from a developmental psychopathology perspective
    Development and Psychopathology, 2009
    Co-Authors: Paul J. Frick, Essi Viding
    Abstract:

    This paper reviews research on chronic patterns of Antisocial Behavior and places this research into a developmental psychopathology framework. Specifically, research suggests that there are at least three important pathways through which children and adolescents can develop severe Antisocial Behaviors. One group of youth shows Antisocial Behavior that begins in adolescence, and two groups show Antisocial Behavior that begins in childhood but differ on the presence or absence of callous-unemotional traits. In outlining these distinct pathways to Antisocial Behavior, we have tried to illustrate some key concepts from developmental psychopathology such as equifinality and multifinality, the importance of understanding the interface between normal and abnormal development, and the importance of using multiple levels of analyses to advance causal theories. Finally, we discuss how this development model can be used to enhance existing interventions for Antisocial individuals.

  • developmental pathways to Antisocial Behavior the delayed onset pathway in girls
    Development and Psychopathology, 1999
    Co-Authors: Persephanie Silverthorn, Paul J. Frick
    Abstract:

    Recent research has suggested that there are two distinct trajectories for the development of Antisocial Behavior in boys: a childhood-onset pathway and an adolescent-onset pathway. After reviewing the limited available research on Antisocial girls, we propose that this influential method of conceptualizing the development of severe Antisocial Behavior may not apply to girls without some important modifications. Antisocial girls appear to show many of the correlates that have been associated with the childhood-onset pathway in boys, and they tend to show impaired adult adjustment, which is also similar to boys in the childhood-onset pathway. However, Antisocial girls typically show an adolescent-onset to their Antisocial Behavior. We have proposed that these girls show a third developmental pathway which we have labeled the "delayed-onset" pathway. This model rests on the assumption that many of the putative pathogenic mechanisms that contribute to the development of Antisocial Behavior in girls, such as cognitive and neuropsychological deficits, a dysfunctional family environment, and/or the presence of a callous and unemotional interpersonal style, may be present in childhood, but they do not lead to severe and overt Antisocial Behavior until adolescence. Therefore, we propose that the delayed-onset pathway for girls is analogous to the childhood-onset pathway in boys and that there is no analogous pathway in girls to the adolescent-onset pathway in boys. Although this model clearly needs to be tested in future research, it highlights the need to test the applicability of current theoretical models for explaining the development of Antisocial Behavior in girls.

Madeline M Carrig - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • substance abuse hinders desistance in young adults Antisocial Behavior
    Development and Psychopathology, 2004
    Co-Authors: Andrea M Hussong, Terrie E. Moffitt, Avshalom Caspi, Patrick J Curran, Madeline M Carrig
    Abstract:

    We examined two hypotheses about the developmental relation between substance abuse and individual differences in desistance from Antisocial Behavior during young adulthood. The "snares" hypothesis posits that substance abuse should result in time-specific elevations in Antisocial Behavior relative to an individual's own developmental trajectory of Antisocial Behavior, whereas the "launch" hypothesis posits that substance abuse early in young adulthood slows an individual's overall pattern of crime desistance relative to the population norm during this developmental period. We conducted latent trajectory analyses to test these hypotheses using interview data about Antisocial Behaviors and substance abuse assessed at ages 18, 21, and 26 in men from the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study (N = 461). We found significant individual variability in initial levels and rates of change in Antisocial Behavior over time as well as support for both the snares hypothesis and the launch hypothesis as explanations for the developmental relation between substance abuse and crime desistance in young men.

Essi Viding - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Antisocial Behavior from a developmental psychopathology perspective
    Development and Psychopathology, 2009
    Co-Authors: Paul J. Frick, Essi Viding
    Abstract:

    This paper reviews research on chronic patterns of Antisocial Behavior and places this research into a developmental psychopathologyframework.Specifically,researchsuggeststhatthereareatleastthreeimportantpathwaysthroughwhich children and adolescents can develop severe Antisocial Behaviors. One group of youth shows Antisocial Behavior that begins in adolescence, and two groups show Antisocial Behavior that begins in childhood but differ on the presence or absence of callous–unemotional traits. In outlining these distinct pathways to Antisocial Behavior, we have tried to illustrate some key concepts from developmental psychopathology such as equifinality and multifinality, the importance of understanding the interface between normal and abnormal development, and the importance of using multiple levels of analyses to advance causal theories. Finally, we discuss how this development model can be used to enhance existing interventions for Antisocial individuals. The study of Antisocial, criminal, and aggressive Behaviors has a long and rich research history (Binder, 1987). This intensive focus from research is not surprising given that these Behaviors often operate at a very high cost to society, such as costs to victims of these Behaviors and the costs associated with detaining individuals in an effort to protect potential future victims (Krug, Dahlberg, Mercy, Zwi, & Lozano, 2002; Loeber & Farrington, 2001). Of importance, these Behaviors have been studied from a number of different perspectives, including anthropological, evolutionary, sociological, psychological, and biological perspectives, to name a few. Research from each of these disciplines provides a unique perspective for understanding the course, causes, and most effective interventions for individuals who show severe Antisocial Behaviors. In this paper, and in fitting with this special section, we take a developmental psychopathology approach for integrating the large and diverse research literature on Antisocial Behavior, used broadly to refer to criminal and aggressive Behaviors, as well as other Behaviors that violate the rights of others or major societal norms. We think that a developmental psychopathology approach for integrating this research could be important forat least two reasons. First, a developmental psychopathology framework provides a very useful way for integrating the diverse research literatures into a coherent causal model. This can help us to understand the developmental mechanisms that can lead to Antisocial Behavior patterns and to translate this research into implications for prevention and treatment. Second, research on AntisocialBehaviorprovidesaclearwayofillustrating the importance of several key developmental psychopathology concepts, such as equifinality and multifinality, the importance of integrating research onbothnormalandabnormaldevelopment,andthe importance of integrating multiple level of analyses (e.g., neurological, social, cognitive, Behavioral) for understanding psychopathological conditions. One broad question that is often raised in taking a developmental psychopathology perspective on Antisocial Behavior is whether or

  • Antisocial Behavior from a developmental psychopathology perspective
    Development and Psychopathology, 2009
    Co-Authors: Paul J. Frick, Essi Viding
    Abstract:

    This paper reviews research on chronic patterns of Antisocial Behavior and places this research into a developmental psychopathology framework. Specifically, research suggests that there are at least three important pathways through which children and adolescents can develop severe Antisocial Behaviors. One group of youth shows Antisocial Behavior that begins in adolescence, and two groups show Antisocial Behavior that begins in childhood but differ on the presence or absence of callous-unemotional traits. In outlining these distinct pathways to Antisocial Behavior, we have tried to illustrate some key concepts from developmental psychopathology such as equifinality and multifinality, the importance of understanding the interface between normal and abnormal development, and the importance of using multiple levels of analyses to advance causal theories. Finally, we discuss how this development model can be used to enhance existing interventions for Antisocial individuals.

Terrie E. Moffitt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • substance abuse hinders desistance in young adults Antisocial Behavior
    Development and Psychopathology, 2004
    Co-Authors: Andrea M Hussong, Terrie E. Moffitt, Avshalom Caspi, Patrick J Curran, Madeline M Carrig
    Abstract:

    We examined two hypotheses about the developmental relation between substance abuse and individual differences in desistance from Antisocial Behavior during young adulthood. The "snares" hypothesis posits that substance abuse should result in time-specific elevations in Antisocial Behavior relative to an individual's own developmental trajectory of Antisocial Behavior, whereas the "launch" hypothesis posits that substance abuse early in young adulthood slows an individual's overall pattern of crime desistance relative to the population norm during this developmental period. We conducted latent trajectory analyses to test these hypotheses using interview data about Antisocial Behaviors and substance abuse assessed at ages 18, 21, and 26 in men from the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study (N = 461). We found significant individual variability in initial levels and rates of change in Antisocial Behavior over time as well as support for both the snares hypothesis and the launch hypothesis as explanations for the developmental relation between substance abuse and crime desistance in young men.

  • Assortative mating for Antisocial Behavior: Developmental and methodological implications
    Behavior Genetics, 1998
    Co-Authors: Robert F. Krueger, Terrie E. Moffitt, Avshalom Caspi, April Bleske, Phil A. Silva
    Abstract:

    Do people mate assortatively for Antisocial Behavior? If so, what are the implications for the development and persistence of Antisocial Behavior? We investigated assortative mating for Antisocial Behavior and its correlates in a sample of 360 couples from Dunedin, New Zealand. We found substantial assortative mating for self-reports of Antisocial Behavior per se and for self-reports of couple members' tendencies to associate with Antisocial peers (0.54 on average). Perceptions about the likelihood of social sanctions for Antisocial Behavior (e.g., being caught by the authorities or losing the respect of one's family) showed moderate assortative mating (0.32 on average). However, assortative mating for personality traits related to Antisocial Behavior was low (0.15 on average). These findings suggest that, whereas assortative mating for many individual-difference variables (such as personality traits) is low, assortative mating for actual Antisocial Behaviors is substantial. We conclude that future family studies of Antisocial Behavior should endeavor to measure and understand the influence of assortative mating. In addition, we outline a testable Behavior-genetic model for the development of Antisocial Behavior, in which genes and environments promoting or discouraging Antisocial Behavior become concentrated within families (due to assortative mating), giving rise to widely varying individual developmental trajectories that are, nevertheless, similar within families.

  • IS AGE IMPORTANT? TESTING A GENERAL VERSUS A DEVELOPMENTAL THEORY OF Antisocial Behavior*
    Criminology, 1997
    Co-Authors: Dawn Jeglum Bartusch, Terrie E. Moffitt, Donald R. Lynam, Phil A. Silva
    Abstract:

    We tested competing hypotheses derived from Gottfredson and Hirschis (1990) general theory and Moffitt's (1993a) developmental theory of Antisocial Behavior. The developmental theory argues that different factors give rise to Antisocial Behavior at different points in the life course. In contrast, the general theory maintains that the factor underlying Antisocial Behavior (i.e., criminal propensity) is the same at all ages. To test these competing predictions, we used longitudinal data spanning from age 5 to age 18 for the male subjects in the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study. Using reports from three sources (parents, teachers, and the boys themselves), we estimated second-order confirmatory factor models of Antisocial Behavior. These models provided consistent support for the developmental theory, showing that separate latent factors underlie childhood and adolescent Antisocial Behavior. Moreover, we found that these childhood and adolescent factors related in ways predicted by Moffitt's developmental theory to four correlates of Antisocial Behavior: Childhood Antisocial Behavior was related more strongly than adolescent Antisocial Behavior to low verbal ability, by per activity, and negative/impulsive personality, whereas adolescent Antisocial Behavior was related more strongly than childhood Antisocial Behavior to peer delinquency. The two underlying latent factors also showed the predicted differential relations to later criminal convictions: Childhood Antisocial Behavior was significantly more strongly associated with convictions for violence, while adolescent Antisocial Behavior was significantly more strongly associated with convictions for nonviolent offenses.

  • adolescence limited and life course persistent Antisocial Behavior a developmental taxonomy
    Psychological Review, 1993
    Co-Authors: Terrie E. Moffitt
    Abstract:

    A dual taxonomy is presented to reconcile 2 incongruous facts about Antisocial Behavior: (a) It shows impressive continuity over age, but (b) its prevalence changes dramatically over age, increasing almost 10-fold temporarily during adolescence. This article suggests that delinquency conceals 2 distinct categories of individuals, each with a unique natural history and etiology: A small group engages in Antisocial Behavior of 1 sort or another at every life stage, whereas a larger group is Antisocial only during adolescence. According to the theory of life-course-persistent Antisocial Behavior, children's neuropsychological problems interact cumulatively with their criminogenic environments across development, culminating in a pathological personality. According to the theory of adolescence-limited Antisocial Behavior, a contemporary maturity gap encourages teens to mimic Antisocial Behavior in ways that are normative and adjustive. Language: en

Andrea M Hussong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • substance abuse hinders desistance in young adults Antisocial Behavior
    Development and Psychopathology, 2004
    Co-Authors: Andrea M Hussong, Terrie E. Moffitt, Avshalom Caspi, Patrick J Curran, Madeline M Carrig
    Abstract:

    We examined two hypotheses about the developmental relation between substance abuse and individual differences in desistance from Antisocial Behavior during young adulthood. The "snares" hypothesis posits that substance abuse should result in time-specific elevations in Antisocial Behavior relative to an individual's own developmental trajectory of Antisocial Behavior, whereas the "launch" hypothesis posits that substance abuse early in young adulthood slows an individual's overall pattern of crime desistance relative to the population norm during this developmental period. We conducted latent trajectory analyses to test these hypotheses using interview data about Antisocial Behaviors and substance abuse assessed at ages 18, 21, and 26 in men from the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study (N = 461). We found significant individual variability in initial levels and rates of change in Antisocial Behavior over time as well as support for both the snares hypothesis and the launch hypothesis as explanations for the developmental relation between substance abuse and crime desistance in young men.