The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Hugo R Monteiro - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • amitraz toxicity to the midge chironomus riparius life history and biochemical responses
    Chemosphere, 2019
    Co-Authors: Hugo R Monteiro, Marco F L Lemos, Sara C Novais, Amadeu M V M Soares, João L.t. Pestana
    Abstract:

    Abstract Acute and chronic toxicity of the formamidine pesticide amitraz to the midge Chironomus riparius was assessed using conventional ecotoxicological tests and biochemical approaches (biomarkers). Amitraz is mainly used as an ectoparasiticide in veterinary medicine, but also in agriculture and Apiculture. However, information of amitraz toxicity to non-target invertebrates is limited. Besides the impairment of developmental and emergence rates (reduced larval growth, emergence, and delayed development time) caused by chronic exposure to amitraz, acute exposures induced alterations in the antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT), and in energetic metabolism biomarkers, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and electron transport system (ETS) activities. Moreover, lipid peroxidation (LPO) increased by amitraz exposure. Our results reveal potential secondary effects of amitraz to invertebrates and biomarkers that may aid in the interpretation of sub-lethal toxic responses to amitraz. These results add information concerning the potential outcomes of amitraz exposure to freshwater invertebrates underlining the importance of risk assessment studies of formamidine pesticides.

Ilan Sela - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • bidirectional transfer of rnai between honey bee and varroa destructor varroa gene silencing reduces varroa population
    PLOS Pathogens, 2012
    Co-Authors: Yael Garbian, Sharoni Shafir, Haim Kalev, Eyal Maori, Ilan Sela
    Abstract:

    The mite Varroa destructor is an obligatory ectoparasite of the honey bee (Apis mellifera) and is one of the major threats to Apiculture worldwide. We previously reported that honey bees fed on double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) with a sequence homologous to that of the Israeli acute paralysis virus are protected from the viral disease. Here we show that dsRNA ingested by bees is transferred to the Varroa mite and from mite on to a parasitized bee. This cross-species, reciprocal exchange of dsRNA between bee and Varroa engendered targeted gene silencing in the latter, and resulted in an over 60% decrease in the mite population. Thus, transfer of gene-silencing-triggering molecules between this invertebrate host and its ectoparasite could lead to a conceptually novel approach to Varroa control.

  • iapv a bee affecting virus associated with colony collapse disorder can be silenced by dsrna ingestion
    Insect Molecular Biology, 2009
    Co-Authors: Eyal Maori, Sharoni Shafir, Haim Kalev, Eitan Tsur, Eitan Glick, Nitzan Paldi, Ilan Sela
    Abstract:

    Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD) has been associated with Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV). CCD poses a serious threat to Apiculture and agriculture as a whole, due to the consequent inability to provide the necessary amount of bees for pollination of critical crops. Here we report on RNAi-silencing of IAPV infection by feeding bees with double-stranded RNA, as an efficient and feasible way of controlling this viral disease. The association of CCD with IAPV is discussed, as well as the potential of controlling CCD.

Yves Le Conte - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • ecology of varroa destructor the major ectoparasite of the western honey bee apis mellifera
    Annual Review of Entomology, 2016
    Co-Authors: Francesco Nazzi, Yves Le Conte
    Abstract:

    Varroa destructor is the most important ectoparasite of Apis mellifera. This review addresses the interactions between the varroa mite, its environment, and the honey bee host, mediated by an impressive number of cues and signals, including semiochemicals regulating crucial steps of the mite's life cycle. Although mechanical stimuli, temperature, and humidity play an important role, chemical communication is the most important channel. Kairomones are used at all stages of the mite's life cycle, and the exploitation of bees' brood pheromones is particularly significant given these compounds function as primer and releaser signals that regulate the social organization of the honey bee colony. V. destructor is a major problem for Apiculture, and the search for novel control methods is an essential task for researchers. A detailed study of the ecological interactions of V. destructor is a prerequisite for creating strategies to sustainably manage the parasite.

  • la genetique et l Apiculture
    INFO REINES, 2014
    Co-Authors: Benjamin Basso, J P Bidanel, Yves Le Conte, Alain Vignal
    Abstract:

    L'implication relativement recente de l'INRA et de l'ITSAP-Institut de l'abeille sur la thematique"genetique de l'abeille" semble meriter quelques precisions sur les perspectives des travaux en cours. Ce texte rappelle quelques notions importantes pour aborder sereinement ce sujet et replace la demarche proposee par les instituts techniques et scientifiques dans ce contexte.

  • new asian types of varroa destructor a potential new threat for world Apiculture
    Apidologie, 2010
    Co-Authors: Maria Navajas, Denis L. Anderson, Lilia I De Guzman, Zachary Y Huang, Jeremy Clement, Ting Zhou, Yves Le Conte
    Abstract:

    The invasion of the Western honey bee, Apis mellifera, by Varroa destructor is attributed to two mitochondrial haplotypes (K and J) that shifted last century from their primary host the Eastern honey bee, A. cerana, in north-east Asia. Here, mitochondrial DNA sequences (cox1, cox3, atp6 and cytb: 2700 base pairs) were obtained from mites infesting both Eastern and Western honeybees (respectively 21 and 11 colonies) from Asia including regions where the shifts first occurred. A total of eighteen haplotypes were uncovered in Asia (11 on A. cerana and 7 on A. mellifera). Two new variants of the K haplotype and two of the J haplotype were found on Western honeybees in what appeared to be well-established infestations. New haplotypes may represent a potential threat to A. mellifera worldwide. The extreme lack of polymorphism in the K and J haplotypes outside of Asia, can now be plausibly explained as being due to genetic 'bottlenecks' that occurred in Asia before and after mites shifted from their original Eastern honeybee host. Apis mellifera / Apis cerana / Varroa / mitochondrial DNA/diversity

Linsheng Yu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • transcriptomic analysis to elucidate the response of honeybees hymenoptera apidae to amitraz treatment
    PLOS ONE, 2020
    Co-Authors: Liang Ye, Anran Wang, Lai Li, Linsheng Yu
    Abstract:

    Amitraz is an acaricide that is widely used in Apiculture. Several studies have reported that in honeybees (Apis mellifera Linnaeus; Hymenoptera: Apidae), amitraz affects learning, memory, behavior, immunity, and various other physiological processes. Despite this, few studies have explored the molecular mechanisms underlying the action of amitraz on honeybees. Here, we investigated the transcriptome of honeybees after exposure to 9.4 mg/L amitraz for 10 d, a subchronic dose. Overall, 279 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified (237 upregulated, 42 downregulated). Several, including Pla2, LOC725381, LOC413324, LOC724386, LOC100577456, LOC551785, and P4504c3, were validated by quantitative PCR. According to gene ontology, DEGs were mainly involved in metabolism, biosynthesis, and translation. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses revealed that amitraz treatment affected the relaxin signaling pathway, platelet activation, and protein digestion and absorption.

Mariangela Vallone - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • application of a precision Apiculture system to monitor honey daily production
    Sensors, 2020
    Co-Authors: Pietro Catania, Mariangela Vallone
    Abstract:

    Precision beekeeping or precision Apiculture is an apiary management strategy based on the monitoring of individual bee colonies to minimize resource consumption and maximize the productivity of bees. Bees play a fundamental role in ensuring pollination; they can also be considered as indicators of the state of pollution and are used as bio monitors. Beekeeping needs continuous monitoring of the animals and can benefit from advanced intelligent ambiance technologies. The aim of this study was the design of a precision Apiculture system (PAS) platform for monitoring and controlling the following environmental parameters: wind, temperature, and relative humidity inside and outside the hive, in order to assess their influence on honey production. PAS is based on an Arduino board with an Atmel microcontroller, and the connection of a load cell for recording the weight of the hive, relative humidity and temperature sensor inside the hive, and relative humidity and temperature sensor outside the hive using an anemometer. PAS was installed in common hives and placed in an open field in a French honeysuckle plot; the system was developed to operate in continuous mode, monitoring the period of 24 April-1 June 2019. Temperature was constant in the monitored period, around 35 °C, inside the hive, proving that no criticalities occurred regarding swarming or absconding. In the period between 24 and 28 May, a lack of honey production was recorded, attributed to a lowering of the external temperature. PAS was useful to point out the eventual reduction in honey production due to wind; several peaks of windiness exceeding 5 m s-1 were recorded, noting that honey production decreases with the peaks in wind. Therefore, the data recorded by PAS platform provided a valid decisional support to the operator. It can be implemented by inserting additional sensors for detecting other parameters, such as rain or sound.