The Experts below are selected from a list of 309 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Ricardo Garcia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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size determination of Field induced water menisci in noncontact atomic force microscopy
Journal of Applied Physics, 2002Co-Authors: Montserrat Calleja, M J Tello, Ricardo GarciaAbstract:We have studied the dimensions of water capillaries formed by an Applied Electrical Field between an atomic force microscope tip and a flat silicon surface. The lateral and vertical dimensions of the liquid meniscus are in the 5–30 nm range. The size depends on the duration and strength of the voltage pulse. It increases by increasing the voltage strength or the pulse duration. The meniscus size is deduced from the experimental measurement of the snap-off separation. These results are of special relevance to optimize local oxidation nanolithography.We have studied the dimensions of water capillaries formed by an Applied Electrical Field between an atomic force microscope tip and a flat silicon surface. The lateral and vertical dimensions of the liquid meniscus are in the 5–30 nm range. The size depends on the duration and strength of the voltage pulse. It increases by increasing the voltage strength or the pulse duration. The meniscus size is deduced from the experimental measurement of the snap-off separation. These results are of special relevance to optimize local oxidation nanolithography.
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size determination of Field induced water menisci in noncontact atomic force microscopy
Journal of Applied Physics, 2002Co-Authors: Montserrat Calleja, M J Tello, Ricardo GarciaAbstract:We have studied the dimensions of water capillaries formed by an Applied Electrical Field between an atomic force microscope tip and a flat silicon surface. The lateral and vertical dimensions of the liquid meniscus are in the 5–30 nm range. The size depends on the duration and strength of the voltage pulse. It increases by increasing the voltage strength or the pulse duration. The meniscus size is deduced from the experimental measurement of the snap-off separation. These results are of special relevance to optimize local oxidation nanolithography.
Sabato Santaniello - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cortical network synchrony under Applied Electrical Field in vitro
Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2018Co-Authors: Taylor Jackvony, Min D Tangschomer, Sabato SantanielloAbstract:Synchronous network activity plays a crucial role in complex brain functions. Stimulating the nerv-ous system with Applied electric Field (EF) is a common tool for probing network responses. We used a gold wire-embedded silk protein film-based interface culture to investigate the effects of ap-plied electric Fields (EF) on random cortical networks of in vitro cultures. Two-week-old cultures were exposed to EF of 27 mV/mm for <1 hour and monitored by time-lapse calcium imaging. Net-work activity was represented by calcium signal time series mapped to source neurons and analyzed by using a community detection algorithm. Cortical cultures exhibited large scale, synchronized oscillations under alternating EF of changing frequencies. Field polarity and frequency change were both found to be necessary for network synchrony, as monophasic pulses of similar frequency changes or EF of a constant frequency failed to induce correlated activities of neurons. Group-specific oscillatory patterns were entrained by network-level synchronous oscillations when the alternating EF frequency was increased from 0.2 Hz to 200 kHz. Binary responses of either activity increase or decrease contributed to the opposite phase patterns of different sub-populations. Conversely, when the EF frequency decreased over the same range span, more complex behavior emerged showing group-specific amplitude and phase patterns. Based on the findings from this pi-lot study, we hypothesized a mechanism of network control by temporal coordination of distributed neuronal activity, involving coordinated stimulation by alternating EF polarity, and timed delay by change of frequency. These insights will inform the design of future neuromodulation approaches for controlling neural network functions.
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Cortical Network Synchrony Under Applied Electrical Field in vitro.
Frontiers in neuroscience, 2018Co-Authors: Min D. Tang-schomer, Taylor Jackvony, Sabato SantanielloAbstract:Synchronous network activity plays a crucial role in complex brain functions. Stimulating the nerv-ous system with Applied electric Field (EF) is a common tool for probing network responses. We used a gold wire-embedded silk protein film-based interface culture to investigate the effects of ap-plied electric Fields (EF) on random cortical networks of in vitro cultures. Two-week-old cultures were exposed to EF of 27 mV/mm for
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Cortical Network Synchrony Under Applied Electrical Field in vitro
Frontiers Media S.A., 2018Co-Authors: Min D. Tang-schomer, Taylor Jackvony, Sabato SantanielloAbstract:Synchronous network activity plays a crucial role in complex brain functions. Stimulating the nervous system with Applied electric Field (EF) is a common tool for probing network responses. We used a gold wire-embedded silk protein film-based interface culture to investigate the effects of Applied EFs on random cortical networks of in vitro cultures. Two-week-old cultures were exposed to EF of 27 mV/mm for <1 h and monitored by time-lapse calcium imaging. Network activity was represented by calcium signal time series mapped to source neurons and analyzed by using a community detection algorithm. Cortical cultures exhibited large scale, synchronized oscillations under alternating EF of changing frequencies. Field polarity and frequency change were both found to be necessary for network synchrony, as monophasic pulses of similar frequency changes or EF of a constant frequency failed to induce correlated activities of neurons. Group-specific oscillatory patterns were entrained by network-level synchronous oscillations when the alternating EF frequency was increased from 0.2 Hz to 200 kHz. Binary responses of either activity increase or decrease contributed to the opposite phase patterns of different sub-populations. Conversely, when the EF frequency decreased over the same range span, more complex behavior emerged showing group-specific amplitude and phase patterns. These findings formed the basis of a hypothesized network control mechanism for temporal coordination of distributed neuronal activity, involving coordinated stimulation by alternating polarity, and time delay by change of frequency. These novel EF effects on random neural networks have important implications for brain functional studies and neuromodulation applications
Montserrat Calleja - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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size determination of Field induced water menisci in noncontact atomic force microscopy
Journal of Applied Physics, 2002Co-Authors: Montserrat Calleja, M J Tello, Ricardo GarciaAbstract:We have studied the dimensions of water capillaries formed by an Applied Electrical Field between an atomic force microscope tip and a flat silicon surface. The lateral and vertical dimensions of the liquid meniscus are in the 5–30 nm range. The size depends on the duration and strength of the voltage pulse. It increases by increasing the voltage strength or the pulse duration. The meniscus size is deduced from the experimental measurement of the snap-off separation. These results are of special relevance to optimize local oxidation nanolithography.We have studied the dimensions of water capillaries formed by an Applied Electrical Field between an atomic force microscope tip and a flat silicon surface. The lateral and vertical dimensions of the liquid meniscus are in the 5–30 nm range. The size depends on the duration and strength of the voltage pulse. It increases by increasing the voltage strength or the pulse duration. The meniscus size is deduced from the experimental measurement of the snap-off separation. These results are of special relevance to optimize local oxidation nanolithography.
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size determination of Field induced water menisci in noncontact atomic force microscopy
Journal of Applied Physics, 2002Co-Authors: Montserrat Calleja, M J Tello, Ricardo GarciaAbstract:We have studied the dimensions of water capillaries formed by an Applied Electrical Field between an atomic force microscope tip and a flat silicon surface. The lateral and vertical dimensions of the liquid meniscus are in the 5–30 nm range. The size depends on the duration and strength of the voltage pulse. It increases by increasing the voltage strength or the pulse duration. The meniscus size is deduced from the experimental measurement of the snap-off separation. These results are of special relevance to optimize local oxidation nanolithography.
Min D Tangschomer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cortical network synchrony under Applied Electrical Field in vitro
Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2018Co-Authors: Taylor Jackvony, Min D Tangschomer, Sabato SantanielloAbstract:Synchronous network activity plays a crucial role in complex brain functions. Stimulating the nerv-ous system with Applied electric Field (EF) is a common tool for probing network responses. We used a gold wire-embedded silk protein film-based interface culture to investigate the effects of ap-plied electric Fields (EF) on random cortical networks of in vitro cultures. Two-week-old cultures were exposed to EF of 27 mV/mm for <1 hour and monitored by time-lapse calcium imaging. Net-work activity was represented by calcium signal time series mapped to source neurons and analyzed by using a community detection algorithm. Cortical cultures exhibited large scale, synchronized oscillations under alternating EF of changing frequencies. Field polarity and frequency change were both found to be necessary for network synchrony, as monophasic pulses of similar frequency changes or EF of a constant frequency failed to induce correlated activities of neurons. Group-specific oscillatory patterns were entrained by network-level synchronous oscillations when the alternating EF frequency was increased from 0.2 Hz to 200 kHz. Binary responses of either activity increase or decrease contributed to the opposite phase patterns of different sub-populations. Conversely, when the EF frequency decreased over the same range span, more complex behavior emerged showing group-specific amplitude and phase patterns. Based on the findings from this pi-lot study, we hypothesized a mechanism of network control by temporal coordination of distributed neuronal activity, involving coordinated stimulation by alternating EF polarity, and timed delay by change of frequency. These insights will inform the design of future neuromodulation approaches for controlling neural network functions.
Heloisa N Bordallo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sample cell for studying liquid interfaces with an in situ electric Field using x ray reflectivity and application to clay particles at oil oil interfaces
Journal of Synchrotron Radiation, 2018Co-Authors: Simon R Larsen, Marie Hansteen, Barbara Pacakova, Keld Theodor, Thomas Arnold, Adrian R Rennie, Geir Helgesen, Kenneth D Knudsen, Heloisa N BordalloAbstract:Commissioning results of a liquid sample cell for X-ray reflectivity studies with an in situ Applied Electrical Field are presented. The cell consists of a Plexiglas container with lateral Kapton windows for air–liquid and liquid–liquid interface studies, and was constructed with grooves to accept plate electrodes on the walls parallel to the direction of the beam. Both copper and ITO plate electrodes have been used, the latter being useful for simultaneous optical studies. Commissioning tests were made at the I07 beamline of the Diamond Light Source.