The Experts below are selected from a list of 30 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Norbert E Kaminski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • 15 deoxy δ12 14 prostaglandin j2 glycerol ester a putative metabolite of 2 arachidonyl glycerol activates peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ
    Molecular Pharmacology, 2011
    Co-Authors: Priyadarshini Raman, Barbara L F Kaplan, Jerry T Thompson, John P Vanden Heuvel, Norbert E Kaminski
    Abstract:

    2-Arachidonyl glycerol (2-AG) is an endogenous Arachidonic Acid Derivative capable of suppressing interleukin (IL)-2 production by activated T cells. 2-AG-mediated IL-2 suppression is dependent on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) metabolism and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) activation. The objective of the present studies was to examine whether 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-PGJ2-glycerol ester (15d-PGJ2-G), a putative metabolite of 2-AG, can mimic the actions of 2-AG on IL-2 regulation through PPARγ activation. 15d-PGJ2-G bound PPARγ-ligand binding domain in a PPARγ competitive binding assay. 15d-PGJ2-G treatment activated PPARγ in a reporter assay, and PPARγ activation was attenuated when a PPARγ antagonist, 2-chloro-5-nitro-N-4-pyridinylbenzamide (T0070907), was present. 15d-PGJ2-G treatment suppressed IL-2 production by activated Jurkat cells, which was partially attenuated when pretreated with T0070907. Moreover, IL-2 suppression was pronounced when 15d-PGJ2-G was present 30 min before or after T-cell activation. Concordant with IL-2 suppression, 15d-PGJ2-G treatment decreased nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) transcriptional activity in transiently transfected Jurkat cells. It is noteworthy that T0070907 alone markedly increased NFAT reporter activity, suggesting the existence of endogenous PPARγ activation and modulation of NFAT. Because COX-2 metabolism of 2-AG is important for IL-2 suppression, the effect of 2-AG on COX-2 and PPARγ mRNA expression was investigated. 2-AG treatment decreased the up-regulation of COX-2 mRNA after T-cell activation, which suggests negative feedback limiting COX-2-mediated metabolism of 2-AG. PPARγ mRNA expression was increased upon activation, and 2-AG treatment produced a modest decrease in PPARγ mRNA expression. Collectively, our findings suggest that 15d-PGJ2-G activates PPARγ to decrease NFAT transcriptional activity and IL-2 expression in activated T cells.

Priyadarshini Raman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • 15 deoxy δ12 14 prostaglandin j2 glycerol ester a putative metabolite of 2 arachidonyl glycerol activates peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ
    Molecular Pharmacology, 2011
    Co-Authors: Priyadarshini Raman, Barbara L F Kaplan, Jerry T Thompson, John P Vanden Heuvel, Norbert E Kaminski
    Abstract:

    2-Arachidonyl glycerol (2-AG) is an endogenous Arachidonic Acid Derivative capable of suppressing interleukin (IL)-2 production by activated T cells. 2-AG-mediated IL-2 suppression is dependent on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) metabolism and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) activation. The objective of the present studies was to examine whether 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-PGJ2-glycerol ester (15d-PGJ2-G), a putative metabolite of 2-AG, can mimic the actions of 2-AG on IL-2 regulation through PPARγ activation. 15d-PGJ2-G bound PPARγ-ligand binding domain in a PPARγ competitive binding assay. 15d-PGJ2-G treatment activated PPARγ in a reporter assay, and PPARγ activation was attenuated when a PPARγ antagonist, 2-chloro-5-nitro-N-4-pyridinylbenzamide (T0070907), was present. 15d-PGJ2-G treatment suppressed IL-2 production by activated Jurkat cells, which was partially attenuated when pretreated with T0070907. Moreover, IL-2 suppression was pronounced when 15d-PGJ2-G was present 30 min before or after T-cell activation. Concordant with IL-2 suppression, 15d-PGJ2-G treatment decreased nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) transcriptional activity in transiently transfected Jurkat cells. It is noteworthy that T0070907 alone markedly increased NFAT reporter activity, suggesting the existence of endogenous PPARγ activation and modulation of NFAT. Because COX-2 metabolism of 2-AG is important for IL-2 suppression, the effect of 2-AG on COX-2 and PPARγ mRNA expression was investigated. 2-AG treatment decreased the up-regulation of COX-2 mRNA after T-cell activation, which suggests negative feedback limiting COX-2-mediated metabolism of 2-AG. PPARγ mRNA expression was increased upon activation, and 2-AG treatment produced a modest decrease in PPARγ mRNA expression. Collectively, our findings suggest that 15d-PGJ2-G activates PPARγ to decrease NFAT transcriptional activity and IL-2 expression in activated T cells.

Gary H Perdew - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • 12 r hydroxy 5 z 8 z 10 e 14 z eicosatetraenoic Acid 12 r hete an Arachidonic Acid Derivative is an activator of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor
    Molecular Pharmacology, 2008
    Co-Authors: Christopher R Chiaro, Rushang D Patel, Gary H Perdew
    Abstract:

    The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-regulated transcription factor that can be activated by structurally diverse chemicals, ranging from environmental carcinogens to dietary metabolites. Evidence supporting a necessary role for the AHR in normal biology has been established; however, identification of key endogenous ligand/activator remains to be established. Here, we report the ability of 12(R)-hydroxy-5(Z),8(Z),10(E), 14(Z)-eicosatetraenoic Acid [12(R)-HETE], an Arachidonic Acid metabolite produced by either a lipoxygenase or cytochrome P-450 pathway, to act as a potent indirect modulator of the AHR pathway. In contrast, structurally similar HETE isomers failed to demonstrate significant activation of the AHR. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays, together with ligand competition binding experiments, have demonstrated the inability of 12(R)-HETE to directly bind or directly activate the AHR to a DNA binding species in vitro. However, cell-based xenobiotic-responsive element-driven luciferase reporter assays indicate the ability of 12(R)-HETE to modulate AHR activity, and quantitation of induction of an AHR target gene confirmed 12(R)-HETE9s ability to activate AHR-mediated transcription, even at high nanomolar concentrations in human hepatoma (HepG2)- and keratinocyte (HaCaT)-derived cell lines. One explanation for these results is that a metabolite of 12(R)-HETE is acting as a direct ligand for the AHR. However, several known metabolites failed to exhibit AHR activity. The ability of 12(R)-HETE to activate AHR target genes required receptor expression. These results indicate that 12(R)-HETE can serve as a potent activator of AHR activity and suggest that in normal and inflammatory disease conditions in skin, 12(R)-HETE is produced, perhaps leading to AHR activation.

Barbara L F Kaplan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • 15 deoxy δ12 14 prostaglandin j2 glycerol ester a putative metabolite of 2 arachidonyl glycerol activates peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ
    Molecular Pharmacology, 2011
    Co-Authors: Priyadarshini Raman, Barbara L F Kaplan, Jerry T Thompson, John P Vanden Heuvel, Norbert E Kaminski
    Abstract:

    2-Arachidonyl glycerol (2-AG) is an endogenous Arachidonic Acid Derivative capable of suppressing interleukin (IL)-2 production by activated T cells. 2-AG-mediated IL-2 suppression is dependent on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) metabolism and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) activation. The objective of the present studies was to examine whether 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-PGJ2-glycerol ester (15d-PGJ2-G), a putative metabolite of 2-AG, can mimic the actions of 2-AG on IL-2 regulation through PPARγ activation. 15d-PGJ2-G bound PPARγ-ligand binding domain in a PPARγ competitive binding assay. 15d-PGJ2-G treatment activated PPARγ in a reporter assay, and PPARγ activation was attenuated when a PPARγ antagonist, 2-chloro-5-nitro-N-4-pyridinylbenzamide (T0070907), was present. 15d-PGJ2-G treatment suppressed IL-2 production by activated Jurkat cells, which was partially attenuated when pretreated with T0070907. Moreover, IL-2 suppression was pronounced when 15d-PGJ2-G was present 30 min before or after T-cell activation. Concordant with IL-2 suppression, 15d-PGJ2-G treatment decreased nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) transcriptional activity in transiently transfected Jurkat cells. It is noteworthy that T0070907 alone markedly increased NFAT reporter activity, suggesting the existence of endogenous PPARγ activation and modulation of NFAT. Because COX-2 metabolism of 2-AG is important for IL-2 suppression, the effect of 2-AG on COX-2 and PPARγ mRNA expression was investigated. 2-AG treatment decreased the up-regulation of COX-2 mRNA after T-cell activation, which suggests negative feedback limiting COX-2-mediated metabolism of 2-AG. PPARγ mRNA expression was increased upon activation, and 2-AG treatment produced a modest decrease in PPARγ mRNA expression. Collectively, our findings suggest that 15d-PGJ2-G activates PPARγ to decrease NFAT transcriptional activity and IL-2 expression in activated T cells.

Jerry T Thompson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • 15 deoxy δ12 14 prostaglandin j2 glycerol ester a putative metabolite of 2 arachidonyl glycerol activates peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ
    Molecular Pharmacology, 2011
    Co-Authors: Priyadarshini Raman, Barbara L F Kaplan, Jerry T Thompson, John P Vanden Heuvel, Norbert E Kaminski
    Abstract:

    2-Arachidonyl glycerol (2-AG) is an endogenous Arachidonic Acid Derivative capable of suppressing interleukin (IL)-2 production by activated T cells. 2-AG-mediated IL-2 suppression is dependent on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) metabolism and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) activation. The objective of the present studies was to examine whether 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-PGJ2-glycerol ester (15d-PGJ2-G), a putative metabolite of 2-AG, can mimic the actions of 2-AG on IL-2 regulation through PPARγ activation. 15d-PGJ2-G bound PPARγ-ligand binding domain in a PPARγ competitive binding assay. 15d-PGJ2-G treatment activated PPARγ in a reporter assay, and PPARγ activation was attenuated when a PPARγ antagonist, 2-chloro-5-nitro-N-4-pyridinylbenzamide (T0070907), was present. 15d-PGJ2-G treatment suppressed IL-2 production by activated Jurkat cells, which was partially attenuated when pretreated with T0070907. Moreover, IL-2 suppression was pronounced when 15d-PGJ2-G was present 30 min before or after T-cell activation. Concordant with IL-2 suppression, 15d-PGJ2-G treatment decreased nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) transcriptional activity in transiently transfected Jurkat cells. It is noteworthy that T0070907 alone markedly increased NFAT reporter activity, suggesting the existence of endogenous PPARγ activation and modulation of NFAT. Because COX-2 metabolism of 2-AG is important for IL-2 suppression, the effect of 2-AG on COX-2 and PPARγ mRNA expression was investigated. 2-AG treatment decreased the up-regulation of COX-2 mRNA after T-cell activation, which suggests negative feedback limiting COX-2-mediated metabolism of 2-AG. PPARγ mRNA expression was increased upon activation, and 2-AG treatment produced a modest decrease in PPARγ mRNA expression. Collectively, our findings suggest that 15d-PGJ2-G activates PPARγ to decrease NFAT transcriptional activity and IL-2 expression in activated T cells.