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Haixue Kuang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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simultaneous determination of four triterpenoid saponins in Aralia elata leaves by hplc elsd combined with hierarchical clustering analysis
Phytochemical Analysis, 2017Co-Authors: Baimei Li, Zhibin Wang, Qiuhong Wang, Hongwei Zhang, Hai Jiang, Haixue KuangAbstract:Introduction Aralia elata leaves are known to have several biological activities, including anti-arrythmia, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-fatigue, antimicrobial and antiviral effects. Our previous study found that triterpenoid saponins from the leaves of A. elata had antitumor effects. Quantification of the triterpenoids is important for the quality control of A. elata leaves. Objective To establish high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with evaporative light scattering detection (HPLC-ELSD) for the simultaneous determination of four major triterpenoid saponins, including Aralia-saponin IV, Aralia-saponin VI, 3-O-β-d- glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-d-glucopyranosyl oleanolic acid 28-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (Aralia-saponin TTP)and Aralia-saponin V. Methodology The separation was carried out on a Dikma Diamonsil C18 column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) efficiently with gradient elution consisting of acetonitrile and water. Results All calibration curves showed good linear regression (R2 > 0.9996) within the ranges of tested concentrations. This validated method was applied to determine the contents of the four major triterpenoid saponins in 53 samples from different regions of northeast China. Hierarchical clustering analysis was first used to classify and differentiate Aralia elata leaves. Conclusion The method developed was successfully applied to analyse four major triterpenoid saponins in Aralia elata leaves which is helpful for quality control of the herb. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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determination and pharmacokinetic study of two triterpenoid saponins in rat plasma after oral administration of the extract of Aralia elata leaves by uhplc esi ms ms
Journal of Chromatography B, 2015Co-Authors: Zhibin Wang, Qiong Wu, Yonghai Meng, Qi Wang, Chunjuan Yang, Qiuhong Wang, Bingyou Yang, Haixue KuangAbstract:Abstract Aralia elata (Miq.) Seems (A. elata) grow in Northeast China and the total saponins of A. elata is used to auxiliary treatment for the acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis and the transaminase on the high side. Aralia-saponinV and Aralia-saponinVI are the major bioactive saponins in A. elata leaves. A selective and sensitive UHPLC–MS/MS method was developed and validated for the determination and pharmacokinetic study of Aralia-saponinV and Aralia-saponinVI indwelling the extract in rat plasma in this article. The sample pretreatment involved a one-step extraction of 0.2 mL plasma with methanol. Shengmaxinside C was used as internal standard (I.S.). The separation was carried out on an Agilent SB-C18 column (1.8 μm, 50 mm × 2.1 mm) at 30 °C with a mobile phase of acetonitrile–5 mM ammonium acetate (90:10, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.2 mL/min. The detection was performed on a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode via electrospray ionization (ESI) source operating in the negative ionization mode. The optimized mass transition ion-pairs (m/z) monitored for Aralia-saponinV, Aralia-saponinVI and I.S. were 1103.2/941.2, 1119.2/957.0 and 707.0/647.1, respectively. The current UHPLC–MS/MS assay method was validated for linearity, intra-day and inter-day precisions, accuracy, extraction recovery and stability, and it was suitable for the pharmacokinetic studies of the two saponins after oral administration of extract of A. elata leaves. The lower limits of quantification were 5.70 ng/mL for Aralia-saponinV and 6.15 ng/mL for Aralia-saponinVI. Intra-day and inter-day precisions were less than 7.4% and the accuracy range was from 1.19% to 8.60%. The mean extraction recoveries of analytes and I.S. from rat plasma were all more than 89.5%. This paper described a simple, sensitive and validated UHPLC–MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of Aralia-saponinV and Aralia-saponinVI in rat plasma after oral administration of the extract of A. elata leaves, and investigated on their pharmacokinetic studies as well.
Zhibin Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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simultaneous determination of four triterpenoid saponins in Aralia elata leaves by hplc elsd combined with hierarchical clustering analysis
Phytochemical Analysis, 2017Co-Authors: Baimei Li, Zhibin Wang, Qiuhong Wang, Hongwei Zhang, Hai Jiang, Haixue KuangAbstract:Introduction Aralia elata leaves are known to have several biological activities, including anti-arrythmia, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-fatigue, antimicrobial and antiviral effects. Our previous study found that triterpenoid saponins from the leaves of A. elata had antitumor effects. Quantification of the triterpenoids is important for the quality control of A. elata leaves. Objective To establish high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with evaporative light scattering detection (HPLC-ELSD) for the simultaneous determination of four major triterpenoid saponins, including Aralia-saponin IV, Aralia-saponin VI, 3-O-β-d- glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-d-glucopyranosyl oleanolic acid 28-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (Aralia-saponin TTP)and Aralia-saponin V. Methodology The separation was carried out on a Dikma Diamonsil C18 column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) efficiently with gradient elution consisting of acetonitrile and water. Results All calibration curves showed good linear regression (R2 > 0.9996) within the ranges of tested concentrations. This validated method was applied to determine the contents of the four major triterpenoid saponins in 53 samples from different regions of northeast China. Hierarchical clustering analysis was first used to classify and differentiate Aralia elata leaves. Conclusion The method developed was successfully applied to analyse four major triterpenoid saponins in Aralia elata leaves which is helpful for quality control of the herb. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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determination and pharmacokinetic study of two triterpenoid saponins in rat plasma after oral administration of the extract of Aralia elata leaves by uhplc esi ms ms
Journal of Chromatography B, 2015Co-Authors: Zhibin Wang, Qiong Wu, Yonghai Meng, Qi Wang, Chunjuan Yang, Qiuhong Wang, Bingyou Yang, Haixue KuangAbstract:Abstract Aralia elata (Miq.) Seems (A. elata) grow in Northeast China and the total saponins of A. elata is used to auxiliary treatment for the acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis and the transaminase on the high side. Aralia-saponinV and Aralia-saponinVI are the major bioactive saponins in A. elata leaves. A selective and sensitive UHPLC–MS/MS method was developed and validated for the determination and pharmacokinetic study of Aralia-saponinV and Aralia-saponinVI indwelling the extract in rat plasma in this article. The sample pretreatment involved a one-step extraction of 0.2 mL plasma with methanol. Shengmaxinside C was used as internal standard (I.S.). The separation was carried out on an Agilent SB-C18 column (1.8 μm, 50 mm × 2.1 mm) at 30 °C with a mobile phase of acetonitrile–5 mM ammonium acetate (90:10, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.2 mL/min. The detection was performed on a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode via electrospray ionization (ESI) source operating in the negative ionization mode. The optimized mass transition ion-pairs (m/z) monitored for Aralia-saponinV, Aralia-saponinVI and I.S. were 1103.2/941.2, 1119.2/957.0 and 707.0/647.1, respectively. The current UHPLC–MS/MS assay method was validated for linearity, intra-day and inter-day precisions, accuracy, extraction recovery and stability, and it was suitable for the pharmacokinetic studies of the two saponins after oral administration of extract of A. elata leaves. The lower limits of quantification were 5.70 ng/mL for Aralia-saponinV and 6.15 ng/mL for Aralia-saponinVI. Intra-day and inter-day precisions were less than 7.4% and the accuracy range was from 1.19% to 8.60%. The mean extraction recoveries of analytes and I.S. from rat plasma were all more than 89.5%. This paper described a simple, sensitive and validated UHPLC–MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of Aralia-saponinV and Aralia-saponinVI in rat plasma after oral administration of the extract of A. elata leaves, and investigated on their pharmacokinetic studies as well.
Shaojiang Song - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The resource investigation and microscopic identification of cortex of Aralia elata
Journal of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 2020Co-Authors: Jincai Lu, Shaojiang Song, Xinjiang WangAbstract:The resource distribution of Aralia elata in northeast China were investigated. By means of the optical microscope, the features of histology and powder of cortex of this plant were first examined. In the cortex, there are a large number of secretory ducts and a small quantity of druses of calcium oxalate.
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effect of five triterpenoid compounds from the buds of Aralia elata on stimulus induced superoxide generation tyrosyl phosphorylation and translocation of cytosolic compounds to the cell membrane in human neutrophils
Planta Medica, 2006Co-Authors: Mei Zhang, Shaojiang Song, Shuhan Tang, Koichi Yamashita, Masanobu Manabe, Hiroyuki KodamaAbstract:The buds of Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem (Japanese angelica tree) have long been used as a tonic, antiarthritic and antidiabetic agent in China and Japan. We have isolated five triterpenoids, congmuyanosides A, C, D, echinocystic acid and 3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-hederagenin from the buds of Aralia elata, and investigated their effects on stimulus-induced superoxide generation in human neutrophils. Congmuyanoside A, echinocystic acid and 3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl(12)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-hederagenin suppressed the superoxide generation induced by N-formyl-methionyl-leucylphenylalanine (fMLP) in a concentration-dependent manner. Congmuyanosides C, D and echinocystic acid significantly suppressed the superoxide generation induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and arachidonic acid (AA). The compounds also suppressed fMLP- and AA-induced tyrosyl or PMA-induced serine/threonine phosphorylation and translocation of cytosolic compounds, p47 phox , p67 phox and Rac to the cell membrane.
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five saponins from the root bark of Aralia elata
Phytochemistry, 2001Co-Authors: Shaojiang Song, Norio Nakamura, Masao Hattori, Suixu XuAbstract:Abstract Five saponins, 3-O-{β- d -glucopyranosyl (1→2)-[β- d -glucopyranosyl (1→3)]-β- d -glucopyranosyl}-oleanolic acid 28-O-β- d -glucopyranosyl ester (Aralia-saponin V), 3-O-{β- d -glucopyranosyl (1→2)-[β- d -glucopyranosyl (1→3)]-β- d -glucopyranosyl}-echinocystic acid 28-O-β- d -glucopyranosyl ester (Aralia-saponin VI), 3-O-{β- d -glucopyranosyl (1→2)-[β- d -glucopyranosyl (1→3)]-β- d -glucopyranosyl}-hederagenin 28-O-β- d -glucopyranosyl ester (Aralia-saponin VII), 3-O-{β- d -glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β- d -glucopyranosyl-(1→ 3)-[β- d -glucopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β- d -glucopyranosyl}-caulophyllogenin 28-O-β- d -glucopyranosyl ester (Aralia-saponin VIII), 3-O-{β- d -glucopyranosyl (1→2)-[β- d -glucopyranosyl(1→3)]-α- l -arabinopyranosyl}-hederagenin 28-O-β- d -glucopyranosyl ester (Aralia-saponin IX), were isolated from the root bark of Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem., together with four known compounds. Their structures were determined on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic methods.
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four new saponins from the root bark of Aralia elata
Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 2000Co-Authors: Shaojiang Song, Norio Nakamura, Masao Hattori, M A Chaomei, X U SuixuAbstract:Four new saponins, 3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→3)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl]-16α-hydroxyolenolic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (called Aralia-saponin I), 3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→3)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl]-16α-hydroxyhederagenin 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (Aralia-saponin II), 3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→3)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl]-16α-hydroxyloleanolic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (Araliasaponin III), 3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-16α-hydroxyoleanolic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (Aralia-saponin IV), were isolated form the root bark of Aralia elata (Miq.)Seem., together with nineteen known compounds including glycosides of (20S)-protopanaxadiol and (20S)-pro-topanaxatriol. Their structures were determined on the basis of chemical and spectrocopy methods.
Valery G Makarov - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Aralia elata var mandshurica rupr maxim j wen an overview of pharmacological studies
Phytomedicine, 2016Co-Authors: A N Shikov, O N Pozharitskaya, Valery G MakarovAbstract:Abstract Purpose Aralia elata var. mandshurica (Rupr. & Maxim.) J.Wen syn. A. mandshurica Rupr. & Maxim is evaluated for its medicinal application. The aim of this study is to analyze pharmacological studies on A. elata var. mandshurica published until December 2015. Methods The information regarding the chemistry, safety, effectiveness, and pharmacological and clinical effects of A. elata was systematically collected from the scientific literature through library catalogs; online services such as E-library.ru, Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Results A. elata is often considered an example of a medicinal plant used in Chinese, Korean, and Japanese traditional medicine. However, the contemporary applications of Aralia in officinal medicine result primarily from a large number of pharmacological and clinical investigations carried out in the former USSR in the mid-20th century. Since the 1950s, medicinal preparations from radices of A. elata and radices of A. mandshurica have secured an established position within Russian/USSR medicine as evidenced by the inclusion of the drug in recent editions of the National Pharmacopoeia of the USSR and in the Register of Medicinal Preparations of Russia. Pharmacological studies on animals have shown that Aralia increases physical working capacity and affords a stress-protective effect against a broad spectrum of harmful factors including cold stress, immobilization, UV irradiation, and low air pressure. The phytoadaptogen exerts an effect on the central nervous, reproductive, immune, respiratory, and gastrointestinal systems; the metabolic syndrome including hypolipidemic and antidiabetic effects; and blood coagulation. Together with general properties of adaptogens, Aralia has its own specificity, which manifests in cardioprotective and antiarrhythmic activities. Studies on isolated organs, cells, and enzymes have revealed that Aralia preparations exhibit antioxidant activities and enhance sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase activity, inhibit endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated apoptosis markers (GRP78, CHOP, Caspase-12, and JNK), and increase phosphorylation of STAT3 and Bcl2/Bax ratio; they also show cytotoxic activities against some tumor cell lines; affect NF-κB and PPARs activities; and regulate biosynthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inflammation-related protein expression, tissue respiration, and oxygen consumption. In healthy subjects, Aralia increases mental performance, working capacity, and endurance of movement. Numerous clinical trials have shown the efficiency of Aralia preparations in patients with traumatic brain injury (accompanied with asthenic syndrome and neurotic reactions, depression, neurasthenia, and psychasthenia), neurological diseases (accompanied with astheno-depressive and astheno-hypochondriasis syndromes), myasthenia syndrome (accompanied with chronic post-influenza arachnoiditis), and arterial hypotension. Aralia tincture and “Saparal” are useful as antiviral remedies. Radioprotective properties of Aralia have been reported in pregnant women. Synergistic antiobesity effect was reported for the combination of A. mandshurica and Engelhardtia chrysolepis extracts and antidiabetic effect for the combination of Aralia and glipizide. Promising stress-relieving effects of Aralia are reported for professionals whose work requires a high level of attention. Its proposed ability to moderate stress-induced damage and dysfunction in the cardiovascular tissue might make Aralia the adaptogen of choice among patients with higher risk for cardiovascular diseases. Because Aralia extract administration appears to affect plasma glucose level and hepatic lipid accumulation and ameliorate hyperinsulinemia, it might also provide benefits and be the adaptogen of choice for patients with obesity and diabetes. Conclusion This review describes the considerable diversity of pharmacological effects of A. elata reported in numerous studies carried out in the former USSR and other countries, which have been confirmed over >47 years of use of the plant as an official medicinal remedy. The knowledge discussed in this review can be applied to the expansion of the use of this high-value plant in the pharmacotherapy of European and other countries and for the further discovery of new drugs based on the secondary metabolites of this plant. Modern approaches in mechanisms of action, including a study of gene expression profiling, suggest the most up-to-date challenges for the future research of Aralia.
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Aralia elata var. mandshurica (Rupr. & Maxim.) J.Wen: An overview of pharmacological studies
Phytomedicine, 2016Co-Authors: A N Shikov, O N Pozharitskaya, Valery G MakarovAbstract:Abstract Purpose Aralia elata var. mandshurica (Rupr. & Maxim.) J.Wen syn. A. mandshurica Rupr. & Maxim is evaluated for its medicinal application. The aim of this study is to analyze pharmacological studies on A. elata var. mandshurica published until December 2015. Methods The information regarding the chemistry, safety, effectiveness, and pharmacological and clinical effects of A. elata was systematically collected from the scientific literature through library catalogs; online services such as E-library.ru, Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Results A. elata is often considered an example of a medicinal plant used in Chinese, Korean, and Japanese traditional medicine. However, the contemporary applications of Aralia in officinal medicine result primarily from a large number of pharmacological and clinical investigations carried out in the former USSR in the mid-20th century. Since the 1950s, medicinal preparations from radices of A. elata and radices of A. mandshurica have secured an established position within Russian/USSR medicine as evidenced by the inclusion of the drug in recent editions of the National Pharmacopoeia of the USSR and in the Register of Medicinal Preparations of Russia. Pharmacological studies on animals have shown that Aralia increases physical working capacity and affords a stress-protective effect against a broad spectrum of harmful factors including cold stress, immobilization, UV irradiation, and low air pressure. The phytoadaptogen exerts an effect on the central nervous, reproductive, immune, respiratory, and gastrointestinal systems; the metabolic syndrome including hypolipidemic and antidiabetic effects; and blood coagulation. Together with general properties of adaptogens, Aralia has its own specificity, which manifests in cardioprotective and antiarrhythmic activities. Studies on isolated organs, cells, and enzymes have revealed that Aralia preparations exhibit antioxidant activities and enhance sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase activity, inhibit endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated apoptosis markers (GRP78, CHOP, Caspase-12, and JNK), and increase phosphorylation of STAT3 and Bcl2/Bax ratio; they also show cytotoxic activities against some tumor cell lines; affect NF-κB and PPARs activities; and regulate biosynthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inflammation-related protein expression, tissue respiration, and oxygen consumption. In healthy subjects, Aralia increases mental performance, working capacity, and endurance of movement. Numerous clinical trials have shown the efficiency of Aralia preparations in patients with traumatic brain injury (accompanied with asthenic syndrome and neurotic reactions, depression, neurasthenia, and psychasthenia), neurological diseases (accompanied with astheno-depressive and astheno-hypochondriasis syndromes), myasthenia syndrome (accompanied with chronic post-influenza arachnoiditis), and arterial hypotension. Aralia tincture and “Saparal” are useful as antiviral remedies. Radioprotective properties of Aralia have been reported in pregnant women. Synergistic antiobesity effect was reported for the combination of A. mandshurica and Engelhardtia chrysolepis extracts and antidiabetic effect for the combination of Aralia and glipizide. Promising stress-relieving effects of Aralia are reported for professionals whose work requires a high level of attention. Its proposed ability to moderate stress-induced damage and dysfunction in the cardiovascular tissue might make Aralia the adaptogen of choice among patients with higher risk for cardiovascular diseases. Because Aralia extract administration appears to affect plasma glucose level and hepatic lipid accumulation and ameliorate hyperinsulinemia, it might also provide benefits and be the adaptogen of choice for patients with obesity and diabetes. Conclusion This review describes the considerable diversity of pharmacological effects of A. elata reported in numerous studies carried out in the former USSR and other countries, which have been confirmed over >47 years of use of the plant as an official medicinal remedy. The knowledge discussed in this review can be applied to the expansion of the use of this high-value plant in the pharmacotherapy of European and other countries and for the further discovery of new drugs based on the secondary metabolites of this plant. Modern approaches in mechanisms of action, including a study of gene expression profiling, suggest the most up-to-date challenges for the future research of Aralia.
Suixu Xu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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five saponins from the root bark of Aralia elata
Phytochemistry, 2001Co-Authors: Shaojiang Song, Norio Nakamura, Masao Hattori, Suixu XuAbstract:Abstract Five saponins, 3-O-{β- d -glucopyranosyl (1→2)-[β- d -glucopyranosyl (1→3)]-β- d -glucopyranosyl}-oleanolic acid 28-O-β- d -glucopyranosyl ester (Aralia-saponin V), 3-O-{β- d -glucopyranosyl (1→2)-[β- d -glucopyranosyl (1→3)]-β- d -glucopyranosyl}-echinocystic acid 28-O-β- d -glucopyranosyl ester (Aralia-saponin VI), 3-O-{β- d -glucopyranosyl (1→2)-[β- d -glucopyranosyl (1→3)]-β- d -glucopyranosyl}-hederagenin 28-O-β- d -glucopyranosyl ester (Aralia-saponin VII), 3-O-{β- d -glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β- d -glucopyranosyl-(1→ 3)-[β- d -glucopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β- d -glucopyranosyl}-caulophyllogenin 28-O-β- d -glucopyranosyl ester (Aralia-saponin VIII), 3-O-{β- d -glucopyranosyl (1→2)-[β- d -glucopyranosyl(1→3)]-α- l -arabinopyranosyl}-hederagenin 28-O-β- d -glucopyranosyl ester (Aralia-saponin IX), were isolated from the root bark of Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem., together with four known compounds. Their structures were determined on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic methods.
