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Raphael H Grzebieta - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • out on a limb risk factors for Arm Fracture in playground equipment falls
    Injury Prevention, 2005
    Co-Authors: Shauna Sherker, Joan Ozannesmith, George Rechnitzer, Raphael H Grzebieta
    Abstract:

    Objectives: To investigate and quantify fall height, surface depth, and surface impact attenuation as risk factors for Arm Fracture in children who fall from playground equipment. Design: Unmatched case control study. Setting: Five case hospitals and 78 randomly selected control schools. Participants: Children aged less than 13 years in Victoria, Australia who fell from school playground equipment and landed on their Arm. Cases sustained an upper limb Fracture and controls had minor or no injury. A total of 402 cases and 283 controls were included. Interventions: Children were interviewed in the playground as soon as possible after their fall. Main outcome measures: Falls were recreated on site using two validated impact test devices: a headform (measuring peak G and HIC) and a novel anthropometric Arm load dummy. Equipment and fall heights, as well as surface depth and substrate were measured. Results: Arm Fracture risk was greatest for critical equipment heights above 1.5 m (OR 2.39, 95% CI 1.49 to 3.84, p<0.01), and critical fall heights above 1.0 m (OR 2.96, 95% CI 1.71 to 5.15, p<0.01). Peak headform deceleration below 100G was protective (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.45 to 0.99, p = 0.04). Compliance with 20 cm surface depth recommendation was poor for both cases and controls. Conclusions: Arm Fracture-specific criteria should be considered for future standards. These include surface and height conditions where critical headform deceleration is less than 100G. Consideration should also be given to reducing maximum equipment height to 1.5 m. Improved surface depth compliance and, in particular, guidelines for surface maintenance are required.

  • out on a limb risk factors for Arm Fracture in playground equipment falls
    Injury Prevention, 2005
    Co-Authors: Shauna Sherker, Joan Ozannesmith, George Rechnitzer, Raphael H Grzebieta
    Abstract:

    Objectives: To investigate and quantify fall height, surface depth, and surface impact attenuation as risk factors for Arm Fracture in children who fall from playground equipment. Design: Unmatched case control study. Setting: Five case hospitals and 78 randomly selected control schools. Participants: Children aged less than 13 years in Victoria, Australia who fell from school playground equipment and landed on their Arm. Cases sustained an upper limb Fracture and controls had minor or no injury. A total of 402 cases and 283 controls were included. Interventions: Children were interviewed in the playground as soon as possible after their fall. Main outcome measures: Falls were recreated on site using two validated impact test devices: a headform (measuring peak G and HIC) and a novel anthropometric Arm load dummy. Equipment and fall heights, as well as surface depth and substrate were measured. Results: Arm Fracture risk was greatest for critical equipment heights above 1.5 m (OR 2.39, 95% CI 1.49 to 3.84, p<0.01), and critical fall heights above 1.0 m (OR 2.96, 95% CI 1.71 to 5.15, p<0.01). Peak headform deceleration below 100G was protective (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.45 to 0.99, p = 0.04). Compliance with 20 cm surface depth recommendation was poor for both cases and controls. Conclusions: Arm Fracture-specific criteria should be considered for future standards. These include surface and height conditions where critical headform deceleration is less than 100G. Consideration should also be given to reducing maximum equipment height to 1.5 m. Improved surface depth compliance and, in particular, guidelines for surface maintenance are required.

  • development of a multidisciplinary method to determine risk factors for Arm Fracture in falls from playground equipment
    Injury Prevention, 2003
    Co-Authors: Shauna Sherker, Joan Ozannesmith, George Rechnitzer, Raphael H Grzebieta
    Abstract:

    Objectives: To present the development of a novel multidisciplinary method to investigate physical risk factors for playground related Arm Fracture. Rationale: Previous playground injury research has been limited in its ability to determine risk factors for Arm Fractures, despite their common and costly occurrence. Biomechanical studies have focused exclusively on head injury. Few epidemiological studies have quantified surface impact attenuation and none have investigated specific injury outcomes such as Arm Fracture. Design: An unmatched case-control study design was developed. An instrumented child dummy and rig were designed to simulate real playground falls in situ. Validated output from the dummy was used to quantify Arm load. Other field measurements included equipment height, fall height, surface depth, headform deceleration, and head injury criterion. Discussion: Validated methods of biomechanics and epidemiology were combined in a robust design. The principle strength of this method was the use of a multidisciplinary approach to identify and quantify risk and protective factors for Arm Fracture in falls from playground equipment. Application of this method will enable countermeasures for prevention of playground related Arm Fracture to be developed.

Shauna Sherker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • out on a limb risk factors for Arm Fracture in playground equipment falls
    Injury Prevention, 2005
    Co-Authors: Shauna Sherker, Joan Ozannesmith, George Rechnitzer, Raphael H Grzebieta
    Abstract:

    Objectives: To investigate and quantify fall height, surface depth, and surface impact attenuation as risk factors for Arm Fracture in children who fall from playground equipment. Design: Unmatched case control study. Setting: Five case hospitals and 78 randomly selected control schools. Participants: Children aged less than 13 years in Victoria, Australia who fell from school playground equipment and landed on their Arm. Cases sustained an upper limb Fracture and controls had minor or no injury. A total of 402 cases and 283 controls were included. Interventions: Children were interviewed in the playground as soon as possible after their fall. Main outcome measures: Falls were recreated on site using two validated impact test devices: a headform (measuring peak G and HIC) and a novel anthropometric Arm load dummy. Equipment and fall heights, as well as surface depth and substrate were measured. Results: Arm Fracture risk was greatest for critical equipment heights above 1.5 m (OR 2.39, 95% CI 1.49 to 3.84, p<0.01), and critical fall heights above 1.0 m (OR 2.96, 95% CI 1.71 to 5.15, p<0.01). Peak headform deceleration below 100G was protective (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.45 to 0.99, p = 0.04). Compliance with 20 cm surface depth recommendation was poor for both cases and controls. Conclusions: Arm Fracture-specific criteria should be considered for future standards. These include surface and height conditions where critical headform deceleration is less than 100G. Consideration should also be given to reducing maximum equipment height to 1.5 m. Improved surface depth compliance and, in particular, guidelines for surface maintenance are required.

  • out on a limb risk factors for Arm Fracture in playground equipment falls
    Injury Prevention, 2005
    Co-Authors: Shauna Sherker, Joan Ozannesmith, George Rechnitzer, Raphael H Grzebieta
    Abstract:

    Objectives: To investigate and quantify fall height, surface depth, and surface impact attenuation as risk factors for Arm Fracture in children who fall from playground equipment. Design: Unmatched case control study. Setting: Five case hospitals and 78 randomly selected control schools. Participants: Children aged less than 13 years in Victoria, Australia who fell from school playground equipment and landed on their Arm. Cases sustained an upper limb Fracture and controls had minor or no injury. A total of 402 cases and 283 controls were included. Interventions: Children were interviewed in the playground as soon as possible after their fall. Main outcome measures: Falls were recreated on site using two validated impact test devices: a headform (measuring peak G and HIC) and a novel anthropometric Arm load dummy. Equipment and fall heights, as well as surface depth and substrate were measured. Results: Arm Fracture risk was greatest for critical equipment heights above 1.5 m (OR 2.39, 95% CI 1.49 to 3.84, p<0.01), and critical fall heights above 1.0 m (OR 2.96, 95% CI 1.71 to 5.15, p<0.01). Peak headform deceleration below 100G was protective (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.45 to 0.99, p = 0.04). Compliance with 20 cm surface depth recommendation was poor for both cases and controls. Conclusions: Arm Fracture-specific criteria should be considered for future standards. These include surface and height conditions where critical headform deceleration is less than 100G. Consideration should also be given to reducing maximum equipment height to 1.5 m. Improved surface depth compliance and, in particular, guidelines for surface maintenance are required.

  • development of a multidisciplinary method to determine risk factors for Arm Fracture in falls from playground equipment
    Injury Prevention, 2003
    Co-Authors: Shauna Sherker, Joan Ozannesmith, George Rechnitzer, Raphael H Grzebieta
    Abstract:

    Objectives: To present the development of a novel multidisciplinary method to investigate physical risk factors for playground related Arm Fracture. Rationale: Previous playground injury research has been limited in its ability to determine risk factors for Arm Fractures, despite their common and costly occurrence. Biomechanical studies have focused exclusively on head injury. Few epidemiological studies have quantified surface impact attenuation and none have investigated specific injury outcomes such as Arm Fracture. Design: An unmatched case-control study design was developed. An instrumented child dummy and rig were designed to simulate real playground falls in situ. Validated output from the dummy was used to quantify Arm load. Other field measurements included equipment height, fall height, surface depth, headform deceleration, and head injury criterion. Discussion: Validated methods of biomechanics and epidemiology were combined in a robust design. The principle strength of this method was the use of a multidisciplinary approach to identify and quantify risk and protective factors for Arm Fracture in falls from playground equipment. Application of this method will enable countermeasures for prevention of playground related Arm Fracture to be developed.

Joan Ozannesmith - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • out on a limb risk factors for Arm Fracture in playground equipment falls
    Injury Prevention, 2005
    Co-Authors: Shauna Sherker, Joan Ozannesmith, George Rechnitzer, Raphael H Grzebieta
    Abstract:

    Objectives: To investigate and quantify fall height, surface depth, and surface impact attenuation as risk factors for Arm Fracture in children who fall from playground equipment. Design: Unmatched case control study. Setting: Five case hospitals and 78 randomly selected control schools. Participants: Children aged less than 13 years in Victoria, Australia who fell from school playground equipment and landed on their Arm. Cases sustained an upper limb Fracture and controls had minor or no injury. A total of 402 cases and 283 controls were included. Interventions: Children were interviewed in the playground as soon as possible after their fall. Main outcome measures: Falls were recreated on site using two validated impact test devices: a headform (measuring peak G and HIC) and a novel anthropometric Arm load dummy. Equipment and fall heights, as well as surface depth and substrate were measured. Results: Arm Fracture risk was greatest for critical equipment heights above 1.5 m (OR 2.39, 95% CI 1.49 to 3.84, p<0.01), and critical fall heights above 1.0 m (OR 2.96, 95% CI 1.71 to 5.15, p<0.01). Peak headform deceleration below 100G was protective (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.45 to 0.99, p = 0.04). Compliance with 20 cm surface depth recommendation was poor for both cases and controls. Conclusions: Arm Fracture-specific criteria should be considered for future standards. These include surface and height conditions where critical headform deceleration is less than 100G. Consideration should also be given to reducing maximum equipment height to 1.5 m. Improved surface depth compliance and, in particular, guidelines for surface maintenance are required.

  • out on a limb risk factors for Arm Fracture in playground equipment falls
    Injury Prevention, 2005
    Co-Authors: Shauna Sherker, Joan Ozannesmith, George Rechnitzer, Raphael H Grzebieta
    Abstract:

    Objectives: To investigate and quantify fall height, surface depth, and surface impact attenuation as risk factors for Arm Fracture in children who fall from playground equipment. Design: Unmatched case control study. Setting: Five case hospitals and 78 randomly selected control schools. Participants: Children aged less than 13 years in Victoria, Australia who fell from school playground equipment and landed on their Arm. Cases sustained an upper limb Fracture and controls had minor or no injury. A total of 402 cases and 283 controls were included. Interventions: Children were interviewed in the playground as soon as possible after their fall. Main outcome measures: Falls were recreated on site using two validated impact test devices: a headform (measuring peak G and HIC) and a novel anthropometric Arm load dummy. Equipment and fall heights, as well as surface depth and substrate were measured. Results: Arm Fracture risk was greatest for critical equipment heights above 1.5 m (OR 2.39, 95% CI 1.49 to 3.84, p<0.01), and critical fall heights above 1.0 m (OR 2.96, 95% CI 1.71 to 5.15, p<0.01). Peak headform deceleration below 100G was protective (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.45 to 0.99, p = 0.04). Compliance with 20 cm surface depth recommendation was poor for both cases and controls. Conclusions: Arm Fracture-specific criteria should be considered for future standards. These include surface and height conditions where critical headform deceleration is less than 100G. Consideration should also be given to reducing maximum equipment height to 1.5 m. Improved surface depth compliance and, in particular, guidelines for surface maintenance are required.

  • development of a multidisciplinary method to determine risk factors for Arm Fracture in falls from playground equipment
    Injury Prevention, 2003
    Co-Authors: Shauna Sherker, Joan Ozannesmith, George Rechnitzer, Raphael H Grzebieta
    Abstract:

    Objectives: To present the development of a novel multidisciplinary method to investigate physical risk factors for playground related Arm Fracture. Rationale: Previous playground injury research has been limited in its ability to determine risk factors for Arm Fractures, despite their common and costly occurrence. Biomechanical studies have focused exclusively on head injury. Few epidemiological studies have quantified surface impact attenuation and none have investigated specific injury outcomes such as Arm Fracture. Design: An unmatched case-control study design was developed. An instrumented child dummy and rig were designed to simulate real playground falls in situ. Validated output from the dummy was used to quantify Arm load. Other field measurements included equipment height, fall height, surface depth, headform deceleration, and head injury criterion. Discussion: Validated methods of biomechanics and epidemiology were combined in a robust design. The principle strength of this method was the use of a multidisciplinary approach to identify and quantify risk and protective factors for Arm Fracture in falls from playground equipment. Application of this method will enable countermeasures for prevention of playground related Arm Fracture to be developed.

George Rechnitzer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • out on a limb risk factors for Arm Fracture in playground equipment falls
    Injury Prevention, 2005
    Co-Authors: Shauna Sherker, Joan Ozannesmith, George Rechnitzer, Raphael H Grzebieta
    Abstract:

    Objectives: To investigate and quantify fall height, surface depth, and surface impact attenuation as risk factors for Arm Fracture in children who fall from playground equipment. Design: Unmatched case control study. Setting: Five case hospitals and 78 randomly selected control schools. Participants: Children aged less than 13 years in Victoria, Australia who fell from school playground equipment and landed on their Arm. Cases sustained an upper limb Fracture and controls had minor or no injury. A total of 402 cases and 283 controls were included. Interventions: Children were interviewed in the playground as soon as possible after their fall. Main outcome measures: Falls were recreated on site using two validated impact test devices: a headform (measuring peak G and HIC) and a novel anthropometric Arm load dummy. Equipment and fall heights, as well as surface depth and substrate were measured. Results: Arm Fracture risk was greatest for critical equipment heights above 1.5 m (OR 2.39, 95% CI 1.49 to 3.84, p<0.01), and critical fall heights above 1.0 m (OR 2.96, 95% CI 1.71 to 5.15, p<0.01). Peak headform deceleration below 100G was protective (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.45 to 0.99, p = 0.04). Compliance with 20 cm surface depth recommendation was poor for both cases and controls. Conclusions: Arm Fracture-specific criteria should be considered for future standards. These include surface and height conditions where critical headform deceleration is less than 100G. Consideration should also be given to reducing maximum equipment height to 1.5 m. Improved surface depth compliance and, in particular, guidelines for surface maintenance are required.

  • out on a limb risk factors for Arm Fracture in playground equipment falls
    Injury Prevention, 2005
    Co-Authors: Shauna Sherker, Joan Ozannesmith, George Rechnitzer, Raphael H Grzebieta
    Abstract:

    Objectives: To investigate and quantify fall height, surface depth, and surface impact attenuation as risk factors for Arm Fracture in children who fall from playground equipment. Design: Unmatched case control study. Setting: Five case hospitals and 78 randomly selected control schools. Participants: Children aged less than 13 years in Victoria, Australia who fell from school playground equipment and landed on their Arm. Cases sustained an upper limb Fracture and controls had minor or no injury. A total of 402 cases and 283 controls were included. Interventions: Children were interviewed in the playground as soon as possible after their fall. Main outcome measures: Falls were recreated on site using two validated impact test devices: a headform (measuring peak G and HIC) and a novel anthropometric Arm load dummy. Equipment and fall heights, as well as surface depth and substrate were measured. Results: Arm Fracture risk was greatest for critical equipment heights above 1.5 m (OR 2.39, 95% CI 1.49 to 3.84, p<0.01), and critical fall heights above 1.0 m (OR 2.96, 95% CI 1.71 to 5.15, p<0.01). Peak headform deceleration below 100G was protective (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.45 to 0.99, p = 0.04). Compliance with 20 cm surface depth recommendation was poor for both cases and controls. Conclusions: Arm Fracture-specific criteria should be considered for future standards. These include surface and height conditions where critical headform deceleration is less than 100G. Consideration should also be given to reducing maximum equipment height to 1.5 m. Improved surface depth compliance and, in particular, guidelines for surface maintenance are required.

  • development of a multidisciplinary method to determine risk factors for Arm Fracture in falls from playground equipment
    Injury Prevention, 2003
    Co-Authors: Shauna Sherker, Joan Ozannesmith, George Rechnitzer, Raphael H Grzebieta
    Abstract:

    Objectives: To present the development of a novel multidisciplinary method to investigate physical risk factors for playground related Arm Fracture. Rationale: Previous playground injury research has been limited in its ability to determine risk factors for Arm Fractures, despite their common and costly occurrence. Biomechanical studies have focused exclusively on head injury. Few epidemiological studies have quantified surface impact attenuation and none have investigated specific injury outcomes such as Arm Fracture. Design: An unmatched case-control study design was developed. An instrumented child dummy and rig were designed to simulate real playground falls in situ. Validated output from the dummy was used to quantify Arm load. Other field measurements included equipment height, fall height, surface depth, headform deceleration, and head injury criterion. Discussion: Validated methods of biomechanics and epidemiology were combined in a robust design. The principle strength of this method was the use of a multidisciplinary approach to identify and quantify risk and protective factors for Arm Fracture in falls from playground equipment. Application of this method will enable countermeasures for prevention of playground related Arm Fracture to be developed.

Jeffrey E Hull - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • bard recovery filter evaluation and management of vena cava limb perforation Fracture and migration
    Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, 2009
    Co-Authors: Jeffrey E Hull, Scott W Robertson
    Abstract:

    Purpose To report on the evaluation and management of Bard Recovery filter limb perforation, Fracture, and migration. Materials and Methods In 2007, all patients who received a Bard Recovery filter at a single institution were contacted for consultation and evaluation by noncontrast computed tomography. Rates of limb perforation, Fracture, and migration were evaluated on early ( Results Fourteen of 16 patients with Bard Recovery filters were evaluated. The early images in nine patients (mean, 30 days; range, 0–126 d ± 40) demonstrated Arm perforations in 56% ( n = 5), leg perforation in 11% ( n = 1), and no early Fractures or migrations. Final images (mean, 899 days; range, 119–1,218 d ± 320) demonstrated filter Arm perforations in all 14 patients. Leg perforations were seen in 36% of patients ( n = 5), and there were a total of four Fractures with migration in 21% of patients ( n = 3). All Fractures occurred in Arms that had perforated the vena cava on early images. Two patients had already had their filters retrieved at 119 and 302 days, respectively; the remaining 12 patients elected to have their filters retrieved after evaluation. All 12 filters were retrieved at a mean of 1,021 days (range, 119–1,242 d ± 134). Leg hook Fractures occurred during eight of 12 filter retrieval procedures (67%). Conclusions Recovery filter limb perforation of the vena cava increases over time and is associated with a 21% incidence of filter Arm Fracture and migration. Follow-up imaging is recommended. Filter retrieval has a high success rate and is the authors' preferred management strategy.

  • retrieval of the recovery filter after Arm perforation Fracture and migration to the right ventricle
    Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, 2008
    Co-Authors: Jeffrey E Hull, Jiho Han, Glenn M Giessel
    Abstract:

    The authors report a case of inferior vena cava filter Arm perforation, followed by Fracture and migration to the right ventricle causing chest pain and nonsustained ventricular tachycardia. Review of abdominal computed tomographic (CT) scans show the two filter Arms that Fractured and migrated had perforated the vena cava 2 years previously. Microscopic evaluation of the retrieved filter and limbs revealed bending metal fatigue at the Fracture sites. This case and review of the literature suggest a causal relation between Bard Recovery filter Arm perforation and subsequent Fracture and migration. Percutaneous retrieval of filters with Arm Fracture or Arm migration is recommended.