Aromatics

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Francisco Rodriguez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • design of the recovery section of the extracted Aromatics in the separation of btex from naphtha feed to ethylene crackers using 4empy tf2n and emim dca mixed ionic liquids as solvent
    Separation and Purification Technology, 2017
    Co-Authors: Pablo Navarro, Marcos Larriba, Julian Garcia, Francisco Rodriguez
    Abstract:

    Abstract Aromatic hydrocarbons are mainly obtained from reformer and pyrolysis gasolines by liquid-liquid extraction. In these streams, the content of Aromatics is between 40 wt.% and 70 wt.%. However, several streams as the naphtha feed to ethylene crackers, in which the Aromatics are between 10 wt.% and 25 wt.%, have not available technology to obtain a commercial stream of BTEX. In our previous contribution, the BTEX removing from a naphtha model with the minimum aromatic content, 10 wt.%, was studied using ionic liquids (ILs) as solvents. The high aromatic purity in the extract stream and the good extraction yields obtained suggested liquid-liquid extraction using ILs as a good technological election. To confirm this, in this work the vapor-liquid separation of all hydrocarbons from the solvent in the extract stream have been determined at several temperatures by using a headspace – gas chromatography (HS-GC) technique. After that, the operating conditions were simulated to maximize the purity and recovery of the Aromatics. The proposed recovery section to selectively separate the Aromatics from the extract stream consists in three flash distillation units that operate at low temperatures and high vacuum conditions, achieving an aromatic-rich stream with a purity of 98.5 wt.%.

  • extraction and recovery process to selectively separate Aromatics from naphtha feed to ethylene crackers using 1 ethyl 3 methylimidazolium thiocyanate ionic liquid
    Chemical Engineering Research & Design, 2017
    Co-Authors: Pablo Navarro, Marcos Larriba, Julian Garcia, Noemi Delgadomellado, Pablo Sanchezmigallon, Francisco Rodriguez
    Abstract:

    Abstract Naphtha feed to ethylene crackers is an industrial stream of interest to form part of the habitual main sources of Aromatics, pyrolysis and reformer gasolines, in order to reduce the costs caused by the non-converted Aromatics in the ethylene crackers. Nonetheless, its lower aromatic concentration (10–25 wt. %) in comparison with gasolines (over 50 wt.%) has limited the implementation of the now-used technologies. Ionic liquids (ILs) arise as alternative solvents to current-used organic solvents, since the ILs are capable to selectively extract aromatic from a low-concentrated stream as is the naphtha feed to ethylene crackers. Accordingly, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium thiocyanate ([emim][SCN]) has been selected to conceptually design the liquid–liquid extraction alternative process to separate BTEX from a naphtha model since this IL has shown the highest values of aromatic/aliphatic selectivity. The process simulation was based on experimental liquid–liquid equilibria (LLE) and vapor–liquid equilibria (VLE) data, the latter destined to plan the hydrocarbon recovery from the extract stream. Kremser method for extraction and a new algorithm for flash distillation units were used to simulate the process and select the most favorable working conditions to increase the purity of aliphatics in the raffinate stream and the purity in the aromatic stream obtained.

  • separation of btex from a naphtha feed to ethylene crackers using a binary mixture of 4empy tf2n and emim dca ionic liquids
    Separation and Purification Technology, 2015
    Co-Authors: Marcos Larriba, Pablo Navarro, Julian Garcia, Emilio J Gonzalez, Francisco Rodriguez
    Abstract:

    Abstract The separation of BTEX from petroleum streams with aromatic contents between 20 and 65 wt.% is usually made by liquid–liquid extraction. Nevertheless, there are no technologies currently available to perform the separation of Aromatics from streams with an aromatic content lower than 20 wt.%. In this work, we have studied the separation of BTEX from a naphtha feed to ethylene crackers with a total aromatic content equal to 10 wt.%. Aromatics are not converted to olefins in ethylene crackers and their presence increases operating costs and the size of furnaces. Because of this, the separation of BTEX from this stream has been studied using the binary IL mixture formed by the 1-ethyl-4-methylpyridinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([4empy][Tf 2 N]) and the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide ([emim][DCA]), since this IL mixture previously showed adequate extractive properties in the BTEX extraction from reformer gasoline. The separation of BTEX from the naphtha has also been studied using sulfolane, the most used solvent in aromatic extraction at industrial scale. The influence of temperature and solvent to feed ratio on several extractive properties has been carried out from the experimental results employing both extraction solvents. The Kremser equation has been used to simulate the countercurrent extraction columns in the separation of BTEX from the naphtha, studying the effect of the number of equilibrium stages in the extraction yield of BTEX and in the purity of the Aromatics obtained.

Pablo Navarro - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • design of the recovery section of the extracted Aromatics in the separation of btex from naphtha feed to ethylene crackers using 4empy tf2n and emim dca mixed ionic liquids as solvent
    Separation and Purification Technology, 2017
    Co-Authors: Pablo Navarro, Marcos Larriba, Julian Garcia, Francisco Rodriguez
    Abstract:

    Abstract Aromatic hydrocarbons are mainly obtained from reformer and pyrolysis gasolines by liquid-liquid extraction. In these streams, the content of Aromatics is between 40 wt.% and 70 wt.%. However, several streams as the naphtha feed to ethylene crackers, in which the Aromatics are between 10 wt.% and 25 wt.%, have not available technology to obtain a commercial stream of BTEX. In our previous contribution, the BTEX removing from a naphtha model with the minimum aromatic content, 10 wt.%, was studied using ionic liquids (ILs) as solvents. The high aromatic purity in the extract stream and the good extraction yields obtained suggested liquid-liquid extraction using ILs as a good technological election. To confirm this, in this work the vapor-liquid separation of all hydrocarbons from the solvent in the extract stream have been determined at several temperatures by using a headspace – gas chromatography (HS-GC) technique. After that, the operating conditions were simulated to maximize the purity and recovery of the Aromatics. The proposed recovery section to selectively separate the Aromatics from the extract stream consists in three flash distillation units that operate at low temperatures and high vacuum conditions, achieving an aromatic-rich stream with a purity of 98.5 wt.%.

  • extraction and recovery process to selectively separate Aromatics from naphtha feed to ethylene crackers using 1 ethyl 3 methylimidazolium thiocyanate ionic liquid
    Chemical Engineering Research & Design, 2017
    Co-Authors: Pablo Navarro, Marcos Larriba, Julian Garcia, Noemi Delgadomellado, Pablo Sanchezmigallon, Francisco Rodriguez
    Abstract:

    Abstract Naphtha feed to ethylene crackers is an industrial stream of interest to form part of the habitual main sources of Aromatics, pyrolysis and reformer gasolines, in order to reduce the costs caused by the non-converted Aromatics in the ethylene crackers. Nonetheless, its lower aromatic concentration (10–25 wt. %) in comparison with gasolines (over 50 wt.%) has limited the implementation of the now-used technologies. Ionic liquids (ILs) arise as alternative solvents to current-used organic solvents, since the ILs are capable to selectively extract aromatic from a low-concentrated stream as is the naphtha feed to ethylene crackers. Accordingly, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium thiocyanate ([emim][SCN]) has been selected to conceptually design the liquid–liquid extraction alternative process to separate BTEX from a naphtha model since this IL has shown the highest values of aromatic/aliphatic selectivity. The process simulation was based on experimental liquid–liquid equilibria (LLE) and vapor–liquid equilibria (VLE) data, the latter destined to plan the hydrocarbon recovery from the extract stream. Kremser method for extraction and a new algorithm for flash distillation units were used to simulate the process and select the most favorable working conditions to increase the purity of aliphatics in the raffinate stream and the purity in the aromatic stream obtained.

  • separation of btex from a naphtha feed to ethylene crackers using a binary mixture of 4empy tf2n and emim dca ionic liquids
    Separation and Purification Technology, 2015
    Co-Authors: Marcos Larriba, Pablo Navarro, Julian Garcia, Emilio J Gonzalez, Francisco Rodriguez
    Abstract:

    Abstract The separation of BTEX from petroleum streams with aromatic contents between 20 and 65 wt.% is usually made by liquid–liquid extraction. Nevertheless, there are no technologies currently available to perform the separation of Aromatics from streams with an aromatic content lower than 20 wt.%. In this work, we have studied the separation of BTEX from a naphtha feed to ethylene crackers with a total aromatic content equal to 10 wt.%. Aromatics are not converted to olefins in ethylene crackers and their presence increases operating costs and the size of furnaces. Because of this, the separation of BTEX from this stream has been studied using the binary IL mixture formed by the 1-ethyl-4-methylpyridinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([4empy][Tf 2 N]) and the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide ([emim][DCA]), since this IL mixture previously showed adequate extractive properties in the BTEX extraction from reformer gasoline. The separation of BTEX from the naphtha has also been studied using sulfolane, the most used solvent in aromatic extraction at industrial scale. The influence of temperature and solvent to feed ratio on several extractive properties has been carried out from the experimental results employing both extraction solvents. The Kremser equation has been used to simulate the countercurrent extraction columns in the separation of BTEX from the naphtha, studying the effect of the number of equilibrium stages in the extraction yield of BTEX and in the purity of the Aromatics obtained.

Marcos Larriba - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • design of the recovery section of the extracted Aromatics in the separation of btex from naphtha feed to ethylene crackers using 4empy tf2n and emim dca mixed ionic liquids as solvent
    Separation and Purification Technology, 2017
    Co-Authors: Pablo Navarro, Marcos Larriba, Julian Garcia, Francisco Rodriguez
    Abstract:

    Abstract Aromatic hydrocarbons are mainly obtained from reformer and pyrolysis gasolines by liquid-liquid extraction. In these streams, the content of Aromatics is between 40 wt.% and 70 wt.%. However, several streams as the naphtha feed to ethylene crackers, in which the Aromatics are between 10 wt.% and 25 wt.%, have not available technology to obtain a commercial stream of BTEX. In our previous contribution, the BTEX removing from a naphtha model with the minimum aromatic content, 10 wt.%, was studied using ionic liquids (ILs) as solvents. The high aromatic purity in the extract stream and the good extraction yields obtained suggested liquid-liquid extraction using ILs as a good technological election. To confirm this, in this work the vapor-liquid separation of all hydrocarbons from the solvent in the extract stream have been determined at several temperatures by using a headspace – gas chromatography (HS-GC) technique. After that, the operating conditions were simulated to maximize the purity and recovery of the Aromatics. The proposed recovery section to selectively separate the Aromatics from the extract stream consists in three flash distillation units that operate at low temperatures and high vacuum conditions, achieving an aromatic-rich stream with a purity of 98.5 wt.%.

  • extraction and recovery process to selectively separate Aromatics from naphtha feed to ethylene crackers using 1 ethyl 3 methylimidazolium thiocyanate ionic liquid
    Chemical Engineering Research & Design, 2017
    Co-Authors: Pablo Navarro, Marcos Larriba, Julian Garcia, Noemi Delgadomellado, Pablo Sanchezmigallon, Francisco Rodriguez
    Abstract:

    Abstract Naphtha feed to ethylene crackers is an industrial stream of interest to form part of the habitual main sources of Aromatics, pyrolysis and reformer gasolines, in order to reduce the costs caused by the non-converted Aromatics in the ethylene crackers. Nonetheless, its lower aromatic concentration (10–25 wt. %) in comparison with gasolines (over 50 wt.%) has limited the implementation of the now-used technologies. Ionic liquids (ILs) arise as alternative solvents to current-used organic solvents, since the ILs are capable to selectively extract aromatic from a low-concentrated stream as is the naphtha feed to ethylene crackers. Accordingly, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium thiocyanate ([emim][SCN]) has been selected to conceptually design the liquid–liquid extraction alternative process to separate BTEX from a naphtha model since this IL has shown the highest values of aromatic/aliphatic selectivity. The process simulation was based on experimental liquid–liquid equilibria (LLE) and vapor–liquid equilibria (VLE) data, the latter destined to plan the hydrocarbon recovery from the extract stream. Kremser method for extraction and a new algorithm for flash distillation units were used to simulate the process and select the most favorable working conditions to increase the purity of aliphatics in the raffinate stream and the purity in the aromatic stream obtained.

  • separation of btex from a naphtha feed to ethylene crackers using a binary mixture of 4empy tf2n and emim dca ionic liquids
    Separation and Purification Technology, 2015
    Co-Authors: Marcos Larriba, Pablo Navarro, Julian Garcia, Emilio J Gonzalez, Francisco Rodriguez
    Abstract:

    Abstract The separation of BTEX from petroleum streams with aromatic contents between 20 and 65 wt.% is usually made by liquid–liquid extraction. Nevertheless, there are no technologies currently available to perform the separation of Aromatics from streams with an aromatic content lower than 20 wt.%. In this work, we have studied the separation of BTEX from a naphtha feed to ethylene crackers with a total aromatic content equal to 10 wt.%. Aromatics are not converted to olefins in ethylene crackers and their presence increases operating costs and the size of furnaces. Because of this, the separation of BTEX from this stream has been studied using the binary IL mixture formed by the 1-ethyl-4-methylpyridinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([4empy][Tf 2 N]) and the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide ([emim][DCA]), since this IL mixture previously showed adequate extractive properties in the BTEX extraction from reformer gasoline. The separation of BTEX from the naphtha has also been studied using sulfolane, the most used solvent in aromatic extraction at industrial scale. The influence of temperature and solvent to feed ratio on several extractive properties has been carried out from the experimental results employing both extraction solvents. The Kremser equation has been used to simulate the countercurrent extraction columns in the separation of BTEX from the naphtha, studying the effect of the number of equilibrium stages in the extraction yield of BTEX and in the purity of the Aromatics obtained.

Julian Garcia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • design of the recovery section of the extracted Aromatics in the separation of btex from naphtha feed to ethylene crackers using 4empy tf2n and emim dca mixed ionic liquids as solvent
    Separation and Purification Technology, 2017
    Co-Authors: Pablo Navarro, Marcos Larriba, Julian Garcia, Francisco Rodriguez
    Abstract:

    Abstract Aromatic hydrocarbons are mainly obtained from reformer and pyrolysis gasolines by liquid-liquid extraction. In these streams, the content of Aromatics is between 40 wt.% and 70 wt.%. However, several streams as the naphtha feed to ethylene crackers, in which the Aromatics are between 10 wt.% and 25 wt.%, have not available technology to obtain a commercial stream of BTEX. In our previous contribution, the BTEX removing from a naphtha model with the minimum aromatic content, 10 wt.%, was studied using ionic liquids (ILs) as solvents. The high aromatic purity in the extract stream and the good extraction yields obtained suggested liquid-liquid extraction using ILs as a good technological election. To confirm this, in this work the vapor-liquid separation of all hydrocarbons from the solvent in the extract stream have been determined at several temperatures by using a headspace – gas chromatography (HS-GC) technique. After that, the operating conditions were simulated to maximize the purity and recovery of the Aromatics. The proposed recovery section to selectively separate the Aromatics from the extract stream consists in three flash distillation units that operate at low temperatures and high vacuum conditions, achieving an aromatic-rich stream with a purity of 98.5 wt.%.

  • extraction and recovery process to selectively separate Aromatics from naphtha feed to ethylene crackers using 1 ethyl 3 methylimidazolium thiocyanate ionic liquid
    Chemical Engineering Research & Design, 2017
    Co-Authors: Pablo Navarro, Marcos Larriba, Julian Garcia, Noemi Delgadomellado, Pablo Sanchezmigallon, Francisco Rodriguez
    Abstract:

    Abstract Naphtha feed to ethylene crackers is an industrial stream of interest to form part of the habitual main sources of Aromatics, pyrolysis and reformer gasolines, in order to reduce the costs caused by the non-converted Aromatics in the ethylene crackers. Nonetheless, its lower aromatic concentration (10–25 wt. %) in comparison with gasolines (over 50 wt.%) has limited the implementation of the now-used technologies. Ionic liquids (ILs) arise as alternative solvents to current-used organic solvents, since the ILs are capable to selectively extract aromatic from a low-concentrated stream as is the naphtha feed to ethylene crackers. Accordingly, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium thiocyanate ([emim][SCN]) has been selected to conceptually design the liquid–liquid extraction alternative process to separate BTEX from a naphtha model since this IL has shown the highest values of aromatic/aliphatic selectivity. The process simulation was based on experimental liquid–liquid equilibria (LLE) and vapor–liquid equilibria (VLE) data, the latter destined to plan the hydrocarbon recovery from the extract stream. Kremser method for extraction and a new algorithm for flash distillation units were used to simulate the process and select the most favorable working conditions to increase the purity of aliphatics in the raffinate stream and the purity in the aromatic stream obtained.

  • separation of btex from a naphtha feed to ethylene crackers using a binary mixture of 4empy tf2n and emim dca ionic liquids
    Separation and Purification Technology, 2015
    Co-Authors: Marcos Larriba, Pablo Navarro, Julian Garcia, Emilio J Gonzalez, Francisco Rodriguez
    Abstract:

    Abstract The separation of BTEX from petroleum streams with aromatic contents between 20 and 65 wt.% is usually made by liquid–liquid extraction. Nevertheless, there are no technologies currently available to perform the separation of Aromatics from streams with an aromatic content lower than 20 wt.%. In this work, we have studied the separation of BTEX from a naphtha feed to ethylene crackers with a total aromatic content equal to 10 wt.%. Aromatics are not converted to olefins in ethylene crackers and their presence increases operating costs and the size of furnaces. Because of this, the separation of BTEX from this stream has been studied using the binary IL mixture formed by the 1-ethyl-4-methylpyridinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([4empy][Tf 2 N]) and the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide ([emim][DCA]), since this IL mixture previously showed adequate extractive properties in the BTEX extraction from reformer gasoline. The separation of BTEX from the naphtha has also been studied using sulfolane, the most used solvent in aromatic extraction at industrial scale. The influence of temperature and solvent to feed ratio on several extractive properties has been carried out from the experimental results employing both extraction solvents. The Kremser equation has been used to simulate the countercurrent extraction columns in the separation of BTEX from the naphtha, studying the effect of the number of equilibrium stages in the extraction yield of BTEX and in the purity of the Aromatics obtained.

George W Hube - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • production of green Aromatics and olefins by catalytic fast pyrolysis of wood sawdust
    Energy and Environmental Science, 2011
    Co-Authors: Torre R Carlso, Jungho Jae, Yuting Cheng, George W Hube
    Abstract:

    Catalytic fast pyrolysis of pine wood sawdust and furan (a model biomass compound) with ZSM-5 based catalysts was studied with three different reactors: a bench scale bubbling fluidized bed reactor, a fixed bed reactor and a semi-batch pyroprobe reactor. The highest aromatic yield from sawdust of 14% carbon in the fluidized bed reactor was obtained at low biomass weight hourly space velocities (less than 0.5 h−1) and high temperature (600 °C). Olefins (primarily ethylene and propylene) were also produced with a carbon yield of 5.4% carbon. The biomass weight hourly space velocity and the reactor temperature can be used to control both aromatic yield and selectivity. At low biomass WHSV the more valuable monocyclic Aromatics are produced and the formation of less valuable polycyclic Aromatics is inhibited. Lowering the reaction temperature also results in more valuable monocyclic Aromatics. The olefins produced during the reaction can be recycled to the reactor to produce additional Aromatics. Propylene is more reactive than ethylene. Co-feeding propylene to the reactor results in a higher aromatic yield in both continuous reactors and higher conversion of the intermediate furan in the fixed bed reactor. When olefins are recycled aromatic yields from wood of 20% carbon can be obtained. After ten reaction–regeneration cycles there were metal impurities deposited on the catalyst, however, the acid sites on the zeolite are not affected. Of the three reactors tested the batch pyroprobe reactor yielded the most Aromatics, however, the aromatic product is largely naphthalene. The continuous reactors produce less naphthalene and the sum of Aromatics plus olefin products is higher than the pyroprobe reactor.

  • catalytic fast pyrolysis of glucose with hzsm 5 the combined homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions
    Journal of Catalysis, 2010
    Co-Authors: Torre R Carlso, Jungho Jae, Geoffrey A Tompse, George W Hube
    Abstract:

    Abstract The production of Aromatics from glucose by catalytic fast pyrolysis occurs in two steps. First, glucose is thermally decomposed to smaller oxygenates through retro-aldol fragmentation, Grob fragmentation and dehydration reactions. At low temperatures ( d -glyceraldehyde, hydroxyacetone and hydroxyacetaldehyde being the primary products. At higher temperatures (>300 °C), dehydration is favored with levoglucosan as the major product. The addition of ZSM-5 catalyst to the pyrolysis reactor lowers the temperature at which the fragmentation and dehydration reactions occur at 206 °C and 312 °C, and at 282 °C and 369 °C, respectively. In the second step of catalytic fast pyrolysis, the dehydrated products enter into the catalyst where they are converted into Aromatics, CO, CO 2 and water. The catalytic conversion step is significantly slower than the initial pyrolysis reaction. The aromatic product selectivity is a function of catalyst to glucose weight ratio, heating rate and reaction temperature. At 600 °C, a maximum carbon yield of 32% Aromatics is realized after 240 s with catalysts to feed ratio of 19. The major competing reaction to aromatic production is the formation of coke. Coke is most likely formed by polymerization of the furans on the external catalyst surface.