The Experts below are selected from a list of 16770 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Silvia Cappellozza - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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investigation of the protein profile of silkworm bombyx mori pupae reared on a well calibrated Artificial Diet compared to mulberry leaf Diet
PeerJ, 2019Co-Authors: Cristina Lamberti, Francesco Gai, Simona Cirrincione, Marzia Giribaldi, M Purrotti, Marcello Manfredi, Emilio Marengo, Benedetto Sicuro, Alessio Saviane, Silvia CappellozzaAbstract:Background Silkworm pupae is the main by-product of the sericulture industry with an interesting nutritional profile, especially in terms of proteins. In consideration of its possible use as a food or food ingredient in Western countries, a comparative proteomic experiment has been performed to investigate the differences of the protein profile of male and female silkworm pupae reared on mulberry leaves or on an Artificial Diet. Methods The nutritional profile of lyophilized silkworm pupae in terms of dry matter and ash was evaluated according to the AOAC procedures, the total nitrogen content was determined by a nitrogen analyzer and the silkworm pupae gross energy value was measured using an adiabatic calorimetric bomb. The comparative proteomic analysis was performed on male and female silkworm pupae reared on mulberry leaves or on the Artificial Diet. Proteins were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis and, after a multivariate statistical analysis, the differentially expressed proteins were identified by LC-MS/MS. Results The comparative proteomic approach highlighted 47 silkworm pupae proteins differentially expressed comparing Diet and gender. PCA analysis showed that seven proteins were more effective in discriminating the sex and five were more effective in discriminating the Diet type. In spite of the above-mentioned differences in the silkworm pupae protein profile, no strong alteration of the pupa physiological traits have been demonstrated, suggesting a general silkworm pupae flexibility to adapt to a well-balanced Artificial Diet. Differences in lipid transport and metabolism were found among the experimental groups, that might have a relevant effect on the timing and on hormone secretion. This aspect may also affect silk production, as univoltine strains are the most productive. The proteomic data provided in this work, may offer a contribution in understanding also the influence of gender and farming strategy on the allergen profile of Bombyx mori, when used as food or as a food ingredient. Female silkworm pupae reared on mulberry leaves seemed to contain lower levels of known allergens than those reared in the other experimental conditions; these findings will have to be taken into account when farming B. mori for food production purposes. However, our results need to be supported by further characterization of the allergenic potential of B. mori.
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identification of enterococcus mundtii as a pathogenic agent involved in the flacherie disease in bombyx mori l larvae reared on Artificial Diet
Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 2011Co-Authors: Silvia Cappellozza, Alessio Saviane, G Tettamanti, Marta Squadrin, Elena Vendramin, Paolo Paolucci, Eleonora Franzetti, Andrea SquartiniAbstract:Enterococcus mundtii was shown to be directly correlated with flacherie disease of the silkworm larvae reared on Artificial Diet supplemented with chloramphenicol. Its identification was carried out by means of light and electron microscopy and nucleotide sequencing of 16S gene. The bacterium is capable of rapidly multiplying in the silkworm gut and of invading other body tissues, as demonstrated by deliberate infection of germfree larvae and by subsequent TEM observations. E. mundtii can endure alkaline pH of the silkworm gut and it has been proved to adapt in vitro to commonly applied doses of chloramphenicol, whose use can further contribute to reduce competition by other bacteria in Bombyx mori alimentary canal. The modality of transmission of the infection to the larvae was among the objectives of the present research. Since contamination of the progeny by mother moths can be avoided through routine egg shell disinfection, a trans-ovarian vertical transmission can be ruled out. On the other hand the bacterium was for the first time identified on mulberry leaves, and therefore Artificial Diet based on leaf powder could be a source of infection. We showed that while microwaved Diet could contain live E. mundtii cells, the autoclaved Diet is safe in this respect. Being E. mundtii also part of the human-associated microbiota, and since B. mori is totally domestic species, a possible role of man in its epidemiology can be postulated.
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Artificial Diet rearing system for the silkworm bombyx mori lepidoptera bombycidae effect of vitamin c deprivation on larval growth and cocoon production
Applied Entomology and Zoology, 2005Co-Authors: Luciano Cappellozza, Alessio Saviane, Silvia Cappellozza, G SbrennaAbstract:An Artificial Diet containing 2% L-ascorbic acid was given to silkworm (Bombyx mori) larvae throughout larval life, or only in some larval instars in order to make a comparison of larvae fed on a Diet without L-ascorbic acid throughout larval life. Obtained results show that, when complete L-ascorbic acid deprivation is done during the larval cycle, it affects larval growth and cocoon production. Furthermore, L-ascorbic acid absence from larval food, particularly during the first and last instars, generates beneficial effects to cocoon production without affecting the survival rate or delaying the larval cycle.
Boxiong Zhong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparative proteomic analysis between the domesticated silkworm bombyx mori reared on fresh mulberry leaves and on Artificial Diet
Journal of Proteome Research, 2008Co-Authors: Zhonghua Zhou, Meilan Yu, Keping Chen, Fang Yu, Jianying Li, Yaozhou Zhang, Huijuan Yang, Ming Chen, Boxiong ZhongAbstract:To gain an insight into the effects of different Diets on growth and development of the domesticated silkworm at protein level, we employed comparative proteomic approach to investigate the proteomic differences of midgut, hemolymph, fat body and posterior silk gland of the silkworms reared on fresh mulberry leaves and on Artificial Diet. Seventy-six differentially expressed proteins were identified by MALDI TOF/TOF MS, and among them, 41 proteins were up-regulated, and 35 proteins were down-regulated. Database searches, combined with GO analysis and KEGG pathway analysis revealed that some hemolymph proteins such as Nuecin, Gloverin-like proteins, PGRP, P50 and β-N-acetylglucosamidase were related to innate immunity of the silkworm, and some proteins identified in silkworm midgut including Myosin 1 light chain, Tropomyosin 1, Profilin, Serpin-2 and GSH-Px were involved in digestion and nutrition absorption. Moreover, two up-regulated enzymes in fat body of larvae reared on Artificial Diet were identified...
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comparative proteomic analysis between the domesticated silkworm bombyx mori reared on fresh mulberry leaves and on Artificial Diet
Journal of Proteome Research, 2008Co-Authors: Zhonghua Zhou, Keping Chen, Yaozhou Zhang, Huijuan Yang, Ming Chen, Chengfu Lou, Yong Wang, Boxiong ZhongAbstract:To gain an insight into the effects of different Diets on growth and development of the domesticated silkworm at protein level, we employed comparative proteomic approach to investigate the proteomic differences of midgut, hemolymph, fat body and posterior silk gland of the silkworms reared on fresh mulberry leaves and on Artificial Diet. Seventy-six differentially expressed proteins were identified by MALDI TOF/TOF MS, and among them, 41 proteins were up-regulated, and 35 proteins were downregulated. Database searches, combined with GO analysis and KEGG pathway analysis revealed that some hemolymph proteins such as Nuecin, Gloverin-like proteins, PGRP, P50 and beta/-N-acetylglucosamidase were related to innate immunity of the silkworm, and some proteins identified in silkworm midgut including Myosin 1 light chain, Tropomyosin 1, Profilin, Serpin-2 and GSH-Px were involved in digestion and nutrition absorption. Moreover, two up-regulated enzymes in fat body of larvae reared on Artificial Diet were identified as V-ATPase subunit B and Arginine kinase which participate in energy metabolism. Furthermore, 6 down-regulated proteins identified in posterior silk gland of silkworm larvae reared on Artificial Diet including Ribosomal protein SA, EF-2, EF-1gamma, AspAT, ERp57 and PHB were related to silk synthesis. Our results suggested that the different Diets could alter the expression of proteins related to immune system, digestion and absorption of nutrient, energy metabolism and silk synthesis poor nutrition and absorption of nutrition in silkworm. The results also confirmed that the poor nutrient absorption, weakened innate immunity, decreased energy metabolism and reduced silk synthesis are the main reasons for low cocoons yield, inferior filament quality, low survival rate of young larvae and insufficient resistance against specific pathogens in the silkworms fed on Artificial Diet.
Alessio Saviane - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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investigation of the protein profile of silkworm bombyx mori pupae reared on a well calibrated Artificial Diet compared to mulberry leaf Diet
PeerJ, 2019Co-Authors: Cristina Lamberti, Francesco Gai, Simona Cirrincione, Marzia Giribaldi, M Purrotti, Marcello Manfredi, Emilio Marengo, Benedetto Sicuro, Alessio Saviane, Silvia CappellozzaAbstract:Background Silkworm pupae is the main by-product of the sericulture industry with an interesting nutritional profile, especially in terms of proteins. In consideration of its possible use as a food or food ingredient in Western countries, a comparative proteomic experiment has been performed to investigate the differences of the protein profile of male and female silkworm pupae reared on mulberry leaves or on an Artificial Diet. Methods The nutritional profile of lyophilized silkworm pupae in terms of dry matter and ash was evaluated according to the AOAC procedures, the total nitrogen content was determined by a nitrogen analyzer and the silkworm pupae gross energy value was measured using an adiabatic calorimetric bomb. The comparative proteomic analysis was performed on male and female silkworm pupae reared on mulberry leaves or on the Artificial Diet. Proteins were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis and, after a multivariate statistical analysis, the differentially expressed proteins were identified by LC-MS/MS. Results The comparative proteomic approach highlighted 47 silkworm pupae proteins differentially expressed comparing Diet and gender. PCA analysis showed that seven proteins were more effective in discriminating the sex and five were more effective in discriminating the Diet type. In spite of the above-mentioned differences in the silkworm pupae protein profile, no strong alteration of the pupa physiological traits have been demonstrated, suggesting a general silkworm pupae flexibility to adapt to a well-balanced Artificial Diet. Differences in lipid transport and metabolism were found among the experimental groups, that might have a relevant effect on the timing and on hormone secretion. This aspect may also affect silk production, as univoltine strains are the most productive. The proteomic data provided in this work, may offer a contribution in understanding also the influence of gender and farming strategy on the allergen profile of Bombyx mori, when used as food or as a food ingredient. Female silkworm pupae reared on mulberry leaves seemed to contain lower levels of known allergens than those reared in the other experimental conditions; these findings will have to be taken into account when farming B. mori for food production purposes. However, our results need to be supported by further characterization of the allergenic potential of B. mori.
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identification of enterococcus mundtii as a pathogenic agent involved in the flacherie disease in bombyx mori l larvae reared on Artificial Diet
Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 2011Co-Authors: Silvia Cappellozza, Alessio Saviane, G Tettamanti, Marta Squadrin, Elena Vendramin, Paolo Paolucci, Eleonora Franzetti, Andrea SquartiniAbstract:Enterococcus mundtii was shown to be directly correlated with flacherie disease of the silkworm larvae reared on Artificial Diet supplemented with chloramphenicol. Its identification was carried out by means of light and electron microscopy and nucleotide sequencing of 16S gene. The bacterium is capable of rapidly multiplying in the silkworm gut and of invading other body tissues, as demonstrated by deliberate infection of germfree larvae and by subsequent TEM observations. E. mundtii can endure alkaline pH of the silkworm gut and it has been proved to adapt in vitro to commonly applied doses of chloramphenicol, whose use can further contribute to reduce competition by other bacteria in Bombyx mori alimentary canal. The modality of transmission of the infection to the larvae was among the objectives of the present research. Since contamination of the progeny by mother moths can be avoided through routine egg shell disinfection, a trans-ovarian vertical transmission can be ruled out. On the other hand the bacterium was for the first time identified on mulberry leaves, and therefore Artificial Diet based on leaf powder could be a source of infection. We showed that while microwaved Diet could contain live E. mundtii cells, the autoclaved Diet is safe in this respect. Being E. mundtii also part of the human-associated microbiota, and since B. mori is totally domestic species, a possible role of man in its epidemiology can be postulated.
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Artificial Diet rearing system for the silkworm bombyx mori lepidoptera bombycidae effect of vitamin c deprivation on larval growth and cocoon production
Applied Entomology and Zoology, 2005Co-Authors: Luciano Cappellozza, Alessio Saviane, Silvia Cappellozza, G SbrennaAbstract:An Artificial Diet containing 2% L-ascorbic acid was given to silkworm (Bombyx mori) larvae throughout larval life, or only in some larval instars in order to make a comparison of larvae fed on a Diet without L-ascorbic acid throughout larval life. Obtained results show that, when complete L-ascorbic acid deprivation is done during the larval cycle, it affects larval growth and cocoon production. Furthermore, L-ascorbic acid absence from larval food, particularly during the first and last instars, generates beneficial effects to cocoon production without affecting the survival rate or delaying the larval cycle.
Fan Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Optimization an Optimal Artificial Diet for the Predatory Bug Orius sauteri (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae)
2016Co-Authors: Xiaoling Tan, Su Wang, Fan ZhangAbstract:Background: The flower bug Orius sauteri is an important polyphagous predator that is widely used for the biological control of mites and aphids. However, the optimal conditions for mass rearing of this insect are still unclear, thus limiting its application. Methodology: In this study, we investigated the optimal ingredients of an Artificial Diet for raising O. sauteri using a microencapsulation technique. The ingredients included egg yolk (vitellus), whole-pupa homogenate of the Tussah silk moth (Antheraea paphia), honey, sucrose, rapeseed (Brassica napus) pollen and sinkaline. We tested 25 combinations of the above ingredients using an orthogonal experimental design. Using statistical analysis, we confirmed the main effect factors amongst the components, and selected five optimal combinations based on different biological and physiological characters. Principal Findings: The results showed that, although different Artificial Diet formats significantly influenced the development and reproductive ability of O. sauteri, the complete development of O. sauteri to sexual maturity could only be achieved by optimizing the Artificial Diet according to specific biological characters. In general, pupae of A. paphia had more influence on O sauteri development than did Artificial components. The results of a follow-up test of locomotory and respiratory capacity indicated that respiratory quotient, metabolic rate and average creeping speed were all influenced b
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optimization and evaluation of microencapsulated Artificial Diet for mass rearing the predatory ladybird propylea japonica coleoptera coccinellidae
Insect Science, 2015Co-Authors: Xiaoling Tan, Su Wang, Jing Zhao, Fan ZhangAbstract:Artificial Diet optimization is a key aspect in mass rearing of natural enemies since it influences the quality and feeding effectiveness, and thus the success of the biological control program. Here, we introduced the microencapsulation method to package liquid Artificial Diet for feeding of the ladybird Propylea japonica. An orthogonal test of the quality of microencapsulated Artificial Diets (ADMs) was performed on key variables in production; Ca-alginate concentration, chitosan concentration and weight ratio of wall material to inner Diet. We compared the development and reproduction of P. japonica fed on the ADMs under different cold-stored periods with those fed on fresh aphids and liquid Artificial Diets, in addition to a comparison of respiration, locomotion and predation. Our results indicated that chitosan concentration and ratio of shell to core significantly influence the quality of ADMs. The optimal recipe is 1.0% Ca-alginate, 1.6% chitosan and shell : core = 1 : 2. Insects reared on fresh optimized ADMs were similar to those fed on fresh prey in all developmental and reproductive characteristics except for survival ratio and female fertility. ADMs appeared more beneficial than using a liquid Artificial Diet, although this may decrease with the prolonging of the cold-storage period. P. japonica fed either on fresh ADMs or fresh prey showed improved respiration and predation abilities compared to where liquid Artificial Diet was used. Our study indicates advantages of microencapsulation in the production of Artificial Diet for predatory ladybird rearing. A microencapsulated Diet can directly increase the efficiency and stability of mass rearing.
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optimization an optimal Artificial Diet for the predatory bug orius sauteri hemiptera anthocoridae
PLOS ONE, 2013Co-Authors: Xiaoling Tan, Su Wang, Fan ZhangAbstract:Background The flower bug Orius sauteri is an important polyphagous predator that is widely used for the biological control of mites and aphids. However, the optimal conditions for mass rearing of this insect are still unclear, thus limiting its application. Methodology In this study, we investigated the optimal ingredients of an Artificial Diet for raising O. sauteri using a microencapsulation technique. The ingredients included egg yolk (vitellus), whole-pupa homogenate of the Tussah silk moth (Antheraea paphia), honey, sucrose, rapeseed (Brassica napus) pollen and sinkaline. We tested 25 combinations of the above ingredients using an orthogonal experimental design. Using statistical analysis, we confirmed the main effect factors amongst the components, and selected five optimal combinations based on different biological and physiological characters. Principal Findings The results showed that, although different Artificial Diet formats significantly influenced the development and reproductive ability of O. sauteri, the complete development of O. sauteri to sexual maturity could only be achieved by optimizing the Artificial Diet according to specific biological characters. In general, pupae of A. paphia had more influence on O sauteri development than did Artificial components. The results of a follow-up test of locomotory and respiratory capacity indicated that respiratory quotient, metabolic rate and average creeping speed were all influenced by different Diets. Furthermore, the field evaluations of mating preference, predatory consumption and population dispersion also demonstrated the benefits that could be provided by optimal Artificial Diets. Conclusions A microencapsulated Artificial Diet overcame many of the difficulties highlighted by previous studies on the mass rearing of O. sauteri. Optimization of the microencapsulated Artificial Diet directly increased the biological and physiological characters investigated. Successive physiological tests and field investigations were used to evaluate the outcome of different Artificial Diet combinations on the quality of the reared O. sauteri.
Zhonghua Zhou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparative proteomic analysis between the domesticated silkworm bombyx mori reared on fresh mulberry leaves and on Artificial Diet
Journal of Proteome Research, 2008Co-Authors: Zhonghua Zhou, Meilan Yu, Keping Chen, Fang Yu, Jianying Li, Yaozhou Zhang, Huijuan Yang, Ming Chen, Boxiong ZhongAbstract:To gain an insight into the effects of different Diets on growth and development of the domesticated silkworm at protein level, we employed comparative proteomic approach to investigate the proteomic differences of midgut, hemolymph, fat body and posterior silk gland of the silkworms reared on fresh mulberry leaves and on Artificial Diet. Seventy-six differentially expressed proteins were identified by MALDI TOF/TOF MS, and among them, 41 proteins were up-regulated, and 35 proteins were down-regulated. Database searches, combined with GO analysis and KEGG pathway analysis revealed that some hemolymph proteins such as Nuecin, Gloverin-like proteins, PGRP, P50 and β-N-acetylglucosamidase were related to innate immunity of the silkworm, and some proteins identified in silkworm midgut including Myosin 1 light chain, Tropomyosin 1, Profilin, Serpin-2 and GSH-Px were involved in digestion and nutrition absorption. Moreover, two up-regulated enzymes in fat body of larvae reared on Artificial Diet were identified...
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comparative proteomic analysis between the domesticated silkworm bombyx mori reared on fresh mulberry leaves and on Artificial Diet
Journal of Proteome Research, 2008Co-Authors: Zhonghua Zhou, Keping Chen, Yaozhou Zhang, Huijuan Yang, Ming Chen, Chengfu Lou, Yong Wang, Boxiong ZhongAbstract:To gain an insight into the effects of different Diets on growth and development of the domesticated silkworm at protein level, we employed comparative proteomic approach to investigate the proteomic differences of midgut, hemolymph, fat body and posterior silk gland of the silkworms reared on fresh mulberry leaves and on Artificial Diet. Seventy-six differentially expressed proteins were identified by MALDI TOF/TOF MS, and among them, 41 proteins were up-regulated, and 35 proteins were downregulated. Database searches, combined with GO analysis and KEGG pathway analysis revealed that some hemolymph proteins such as Nuecin, Gloverin-like proteins, PGRP, P50 and beta/-N-acetylglucosamidase were related to innate immunity of the silkworm, and some proteins identified in silkworm midgut including Myosin 1 light chain, Tropomyosin 1, Profilin, Serpin-2 and GSH-Px were involved in digestion and nutrition absorption. Moreover, two up-regulated enzymes in fat body of larvae reared on Artificial Diet were identified as V-ATPase subunit B and Arginine kinase which participate in energy metabolism. Furthermore, 6 down-regulated proteins identified in posterior silk gland of silkworm larvae reared on Artificial Diet including Ribosomal protein SA, EF-2, EF-1gamma, AspAT, ERp57 and PHB were related to silk synthesis. Our results suggested that the different Diets could alter the expression of proteins related to immune system, digestion and absorption of nutrient, energy metabolism and silk synthesis poor nutrition and absorption of nutrition in silkworm. The results also confirmed that the poor nutrient absorption, weakened innate immunity, decreased energy metabolism and reduced silk synthesis are the main reasons for low cocoons yield, inferior filament quality, low survival rate of young larvae and insufficient resistance against specific pathogens in the silkworms fed on Artificial Diet.
