The Experts below are selected from a list of 312 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Cathy Clerbaux - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Infrared remote sensing of Atmospheric Composition and air quality: Towards operational applications
    Comptes Rendus Geoscience, 2020
    Co-Authors: Cathy Clerbaux, Solène Turquety, Pierre Coheur
    Abstract:

    International audienceAtmospheric remote sensing from satellites is an essential component of the observational strategy deployed to monitor Atmospheric pollution and changing Composition. During this decade, remote sensors using the thermal infrared (TIR) spectral range have demonstrated their ability to sound the troposphere and provide global distribution for some of the key Atmospheric species. This article illustrates three operational applications made possible with the IASI instrument onboard the European satellite MetOp, which opens new perspectives for routine observation of the evolution of Atmospheric Composition from space

  • Atmospheric Composition: IASI’s top ten
    2016
    Co-Authors: Cathy Clerbaux, Maya George, Sophie Bauduin, Anne Boynard, Pierre-françois Coheur, Lieven Clarisse, Cyril Crevoisier, Stamatia Doniki, Juliette Hadji-lazaro, Daniel Hurtmans
    Abstract:

    The IASI mission is a versatile mission that fulfills the needs of three different communities: numerical weather prediction, climate research and Atmospheric Composition monitoring. In order to converge on the design of such an instrument all three communities had to make reasonable accommodations 20 years ago, and it turns out that this mission is now recognized as essential for weather forecasting, and for tracking pollutants/greenhouse gases from space. With the launch of MetOp-B and -C and the continuity and new challenges offered by IASI-NG, an exceptional data record will be available in the next few years. The presentation (movie) illustrates some of the major findings related to Atmospheric Composition changes as monitored by IASI during the last 10 years. It relies on accurate data available in near real time along with an excellent horizontal coverage. We will show the global scale mapping of gases, along with the detection of dust and ash particles, as well as the potential of the mission to catch special events such as volcanic eruptions, large fires and pollution peaks.

  • Monitoring of Atmospheric Composition with IASI/MetOp Sounders : ULB/LATMOS data in open access via Ether website
    2016
    Co-Authors: Juliette Hadji-lazaro, Cathy Clerbaux, Maya George, Pierre-françois Coheur, Lieven Clarisse, Daniel Hurtmans, Cathy Boonne, Martin Van Damme, Simon Whitburn, Thomas August
    Abstract:

    The IASI remote sensor flying onboard the MetOp-A and -B satellites has been providing twice daily observation of the Atmospheric Composition since the end of 2007. Global distributions of several reactive species are retrieved from IASI radiance spectra in near-realtime both at ULB and LATMOS, using dedicated radiative transfer models and retrieval schemes. Among the different algorithms set up, the FORLI software series provides vertical profiles for CO, O3, and HNO3, while alternative methods using brightness temperature differences or so-called “hyperspectral range indices” coupled with look-up tables allow retrieval of SO2, NH3 and VOCs columns. The FORLI software package is now implemented in the EUMETSAT operational processing chain, in the framework of the Ozone and Atmospheric Composition Satellite Application Facility (O3MSAF). CO products are now operationally distributed by EUMETCAST, and SO2, O3 and HNO3 should follow in 2016-2017. In this presentation, we will review the methods and the products available from our processing chains. Global scale distributions of CO, O3 profiles as well as SO2 and NH3 columns can be downloaded from the Ether (AERIS) website for further scientific analysis.

  • Atmospheric Composition Monitoring with MOPITT and IASI: CO, a Tracer of Pollution
    2014
    Co-Authors: Maya George, Cathy Clerbaux, P F Coheur, Juliette Hadji-lazaro, Daniel Hurtmans, Antje Inness, Idir Bouarar, Merritt N. Deeter, David P. Edwards, John C. Gille
    Abstract:

    Carbon monoxide (CO) is an important trace gas for understanding air quality and Atmospheric Composition. It is a good tracer of pollution plumes and Atmospheric dynamics. In this presentation we analyse the global and regional CO distributions as seen by remote sensors onboard of satellites, in particular the nadir-looking thermal infrared MOPITT/Terra and IASI/MetOp instruments. Since several years of data are now available, we show CO distributions over polluted and clean regions for the period 2008-2013, and we discuss their evolution with time. A detailed analysis was performed to compare both datasets and we show the influence of the a priori assumptions in the retrieval process. We did a retrieval experience where the MOPITT retrieval code was run on the MOPITT dataset using the IASI a priori profile and covariance matrix. The agreement for total columns and profiles distributions is discussed, and the retrieved profiles are validated with aircraft IAGOS data. Finally, we will also describe how MOPITT and IASI data are routinely assimilated in the Monitoring Atmospheric Composition and Climate (MACC) system (the pre-operational Copernicus Atmosphere Service of the European Union), which provides analyses and forecasts of global CO distributions.

  • IASI/MetOp sounder contribution for Atmospheric Composition monitoring: 4-year study of radiance data
    2013
    Co-Authors: Charlotte Oudot, Cathy Clerbaux, Lieven Clarisse, Daniel Hurtmans, J. Hadji Lazaro, Michael George, Sarah Safieddine, P F Coheur
    Abstract:

    During the last decades, remote sensing sounders have demonstrated their capability for monitoring Atmospheric Composition and pollution. With now 5 years of continuous observations of IASI instrument, flying on board of MetOp-A platform, we are able to analyze long term variations of Atmospheric molecules. This article involves new tendencies for CO and CO2 molecules based on IASI LIC radiances. Comparisons with total columns are also provided.

Thierry Leblanc - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC): History, status and perspectives
    2017
    Co-Authors: Martine De Mazière, Anne M. Thompson, Michael J. Kurylo, Jeannette Wild, Germar Bernhard, Thomas Blumenstock, James Hannigan, Jean-christopher Lambert, Thierry Leblanc, Thomas J. Mcgee
    Abstract:

    <p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC) is an international global network of more than 80 stations making high quality measurements of Atmospheric Composition that began official operations in 1991 after five years of planning. Originally named the Network for the Detection of Stratospheric Change (NDSC), the goal of NDACC is to observe changes in the chemical and physical state of the stratosphere and upper troposphere and to assess the impact of such changes on the lower troposphere and climate. NDACC’s origins, station locations, organizational structure and data archiving are described. NDACC is structured around categories of ground-based observational techniques, timely cross-cutting themes (ozone, water vapour, measurement strategies and emphases), satellite measurement systems, and theory and analyses. To widen its scope, NDACC has established formal collaborative agreements with eight other Cooperating Networks. A brief history is provided, major accomplishments of NDACC during its first 25 years of operation are reviewed, and a forward-looking perspective is presented.</p>

  • the network for the detection of Atmospheric Composition change ndacc history status and perspectives
    Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2017
    Co-Authors: Martine De Mazière, Anne M. Thompson, Michael J. Kurylo, Germar Bernhard, Thomas Blumenstock, James Hannigan, Jean-christopher Lambert, J D Wild, G O Braathen, Thierry Leblanc
    Abstract:

    The Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC) is an international global network of more than 90 stations making high-quality measurements of Atmospheric Composition that began official operations in 1991 after 5 years of planning. Apart from sonde measurements, all measurements in the network are performed by ground-based remote-sensing techniques. Originally named the Network for the Detection of Stratospheric Change (NDSC), the name of the network was changed to NDACC in 2005 to better reflect the expanded scope of its measurements. The primary goal of NDACC is to establish long-term databases for detecting changes and trends in the chemical and physical state of the atmosphere (mesosphere, stratosphere, and troposphere) and to assess the coupling of such changes with climate and air quality. NDACC's origins, station locations, organizational structure, and data archiving are described. NDACC is structured around categories of ground-based observational techniques (sonde, lidar, microwave radiometers, Fourier-transform infrared, UV-visible DOAS (differential optical absorption spectroscopy)-type, and Dobson–Brewer spectrometers, as well as spectral UV radiometers), timely cross-cutting themes (ozone, water vapour, measurement strategies, cross-network data integration), satellite measurement systems, and theory and analyses. Participation in NDACC requires compliance with strict measurement and data protocols to ensure that the network data are of high and consistent quality. To widen its scope, NDACC has established formal collaborative agreements with eight other cooperating networks and Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW). A brief history is provided, major accomplishments of NDACC during its first 25 years of operation are reviewed, and a forward-looking perspective is presented.

Richard J. Engelen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The CAMS reanalysis of Atmospheric Composition
    Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2019
    Co-Authors: Antje Inness, Melanie Ades, Anna Agusti-panareda, Jerome Barre, A. Benedictow, A.-m. Blechschmidt, Juan Jose Dominguez, Richard J. Engelen, Henk Eskes, Johannes Flemming
    Abstract:

    The Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) reanalysis is the latest global reanalysis dataset of Atmospheric Composition produced by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), consisting of three-dimensional time-consistent Atmospheric Composition fields, including aerosols and chemical species. The dataset currently covers the period 2003–2016 and will be extended in the future by adding 1 year each year. A reanalysis for greenhouse gases is being produced separately. The CAMS reanalysis builds on the experience gained during the production of the earlier Monitoring Atmospheric Composition and Climate (MACC) reanalysis and CAMS interim reanalysis. Satellite retrievals of total column CO; tropospheric column NO2; aerosol optical depth (AOD); and total column, partial column and profile ozone retrievals were assimilated for the CAMS reanalysis with ECMWF's Integrated Forecasting System. The new reanalysis has an increased horizontal resolution of about 80 km and provides more chemical species at a better temporal resolution (3-hourly analysis fields, 3-hourly forecast fields and hourly surface forecast fields) than the previously produced CAMS interim reanalysis. The CAMS reanalysis has smaller biases compared with most of the independent ozone, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide and aerosol optical depth observations used for validation in this paper than the previous two reanalyses and is much improved and more consistent in time, especially compared to the MACC reanalysis. The CAMS reanalysis is a dataset that can be used to compute climatologies, study trends, evaluate models, benchmark other reanalyses or serve as boundary conditions for regional models for past periods.

  • The CAMS reanalysis of Atmospheric Composition
    2018
    Co-Authors: Antje Inness, Melanie Ades, Anna Agusti-panareda, Jerome Barre, A. Benedictow, A.-m. Blechschmidt, Juan Jose Dominguez, Richard J. Engelen, Henk Eskes, Johannes Flemming
    Abstract:

    <p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) reanalysis is the latest global reanalysis data set of Atmospheric Composition produced by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), consisting of 3-dimensional time-consistent Atmospheric Composition fields, including aerosols and chemical species. The dataset currently covers the period 2003–2016 and will be extended in the future by adding one year each year. A reanalysis for greenhouse gases is being produced separately. The CAMS reanalysis builds on the experience gained during the production of the earlier Monitoring Atmospheric Composition and Climate (MACC) reanalysis and CAMS interim reanalysis. Satellite retrievals of total column CO, tropospheric column NO<sub>2</sub>, aerosol optical depth and total column, partial column and profile ozone retrievals were assimilated for the CAMS reanalysis with ECMWF’s Integrated Forecasting System. The new reanalysis has an increased horizontal resolution of about 80 km and provides more chemical species at a better temporal resolution (3-hourly analysis fields, 3-hourly forecast fields and hourly surface forecast fields) than the previously produced CAMS interim reanalysis. The CAMS reanalysis has smaller biases compared to independent ozone, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide and aerosol optical depth observations than the previous two reanalyses and is much improved and more consistent in time, especially compared to the MACC reanalysis. The CAMS reanalysis is a dataset that can be used to compute climatologies, study trends, evaluate models, benchmark other reanalyses or serve as boundary conditions for regional models for past periods.</p>

  • the macc reanalysis an 8 yr data set of Atmospheric Composition
    Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2012
    Co-Authors: Antje Inness, Cathy Clerbaux, Pierre-françois Coheur, A. Benedetti, Idir Bouarar, Frank Baier, S Chabrillat, Hannah Clark, Richard J. Engelen
    Abstract:

    Abstract. An eight-year long reanalysis of Atmospheric Composition data covering the period 2003–2010 was constructed as part of the FP7-funded Monitoring Atmospheric Composition and Climate project by assimilating satellite data into a global model and data assimilation system. This reanalysis provides fields of chemically reactive gases, namely carbon monoxide, ozone, nitrogen oxides, and formaldehyde, as well as aerosols and greenhouse gases globally at a horizontal resolution of about 80 km for both the troposphere and the stratosphere. This paper describes the assimilation system for the reactive gases and presents validation results for the reactive gas analysis fields to document the data set and to give a first indication of its quality. Tropospheric CO values from the MACC reanalysis are on average 10–20% lower than routine observations from commercial aircrafts over airports through most of the troposphere, and have larger negative biases in the boundary layer at urban sites affected by air pollution, possibly due to an underestimation of CO or precursor emissions. Stratospheric ozone fields from the MACC reanalysis agree with ozonesondes and ACE-FTS data to within ±10% in most seasons and regions. In the troposphere the reanalysis shows biases of −5% to +10% with respect to ozonesondes and aircraft data in the extratropics, but has larger negative biases in the tropics. Area-averaged total column ozone agrees with ozone fields from a multi-sensor reanalysis data set to within a few percent. NO 2 fields from the reanalysis show the right seasonality over polluted urban areas of the NH and over tropical biomass burning areas, but underestimate wintertime NO 2 maxima over anthropogenic pollution regions and overestimate NO 2 in northern and southern Africa during the tropical biomass burning seasons. Tropospheric HCHO is well simulated in the MACC reanalysis even though no satellite data are assimilated. It shows good agreement with independent SCIAMACHY retrievals over regions dominated by biogenic emissions with some anthropogenic input, such as the eastern US and China, and also over African regions influenced by biogenic sources and biomass burning.

  • toward a monitoring and forecasting system for Atmospheric Composition the gems project
    Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 2008
    Co-Authors: A Hollingsworth, Richard J. Engelen, Henk Eskes, A. Benedetti, C Textor, Olivier Boucher, Frederic Chevallier, A Dethof, H Elbern, Johannes Flemming
    Abstract:

    The Global and Regional Earth System Monitoring Using Satellite and In Situ Data (GEMS) project is combining the manifold expertise in Atmospheric Composition research and numerical weather prediction of 32 European institutes to build a comprehensive monitoring and forecasting system for greenhouse gases, reactive gases, aerosol, and regional air quality. The project is funded by the European Commission as part of the Global Monitoring of Environment and Security (GMES) framework. GEMS has extended the data assimilation system of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) to include various tracers for which satellite observations exist. A chemical transport model has been coupled to this system to account for the Atmospheric chemistry. The GEMS system provides lateral boundary conditions for a set of 10 regional air quality forecast models and global Atmospheric fields for use in surface flux inversions for the greenhouse gases. Observations from both in situ and satellite sources are used as input, and the output products will serve users such as policy makers, environmental agencies, the science community, and providers of end-user services for air quality and health. This article provides an overview of GEMS and uses some recent results to illustrate the current status of the project. It is expected that GEMS will grow into a full operational service for the Atmospheric component of GMES in the next decade. Part of this transition will be the merge with the Protocol Monitoring for the GMES Service Element: Atmosphere (PROMOTE) GMES project into the Monitoring of Atmospheric Composition and Climate (MACC) project.

I. S.a. Isaksen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Atmospheric Composition Change
    The Future of the World's Climate, 2020
    Co-Authors: I. S.a. Isaksen, Gunnar Myhre, Pierre Bousquet, Claire Granier, Stig B. Dalsøren, Rasmus Benestad, Michael Gauss, Terje Berntsen, Zbigniew Klimont, William Collins
    Abstract:

    Chemically active climate compounds are either primary compounds such as methane (CH4), removed by oxidation in the atmosphere, or secondary compounds such as ozone (O3), sulfate and organic aerosols, formed and removed in the atmosphere. Man-induced climate-chemistry interaction is a two-way process: Emissions of pollutants change the Atmospheric Composition contributing to climate change through the aforementioned climate components, and climate change, through changes in temperature, dynamics, the hydrological cycle, Atmospheric stability, and biosphere-atmosphere interactions, affects the Atmospheric Composition and oxidation processes in the troposphere. Here we present progress in our understanding of processes of importance for climate-chemistry interactions, and their contributions to changes in Atmospheric Composition and climate forcing. A key factor is the oxidation potential involving compounds such as O3 and the hydroxyl radical (OH). Reported studies represent both current and future changes. Reported results include new estimates of radiative forcing based on extensive model studies of chemically active climate compounds such as O3, and of particles inducing both direct and indirect effects. Through EU projects such as ACCENT, QUANTIFY, and the AEROCOM project, extensive studies on regional and sector-wise differences in the impact on Atmospheric distribution are performed. Studies have shown that land-based emissions have a different effect on climate than ship and aircraft emissions, and different measures are needed to reduce the climate impact. Several areas where climate change can affect the tropospheric oxidation process and the chemical Composition are identified. This can take place through enhanced stratospheric-tropospheric exchange of ozone, more frequent periods with stable conditions favouring pollution build up over industrial areas, enhanced temperature-induced biogenic emissions, methane releases from permafrost thawing, and enhanced concentration through reduced biospheric uptake. During the last 510 years, new observational data have been made available and used for model validation and the study of Atmospheric processes. Although there are significant uncertainties in the modelling of Composition changes, access to new observational data has improved modelling capability. Emission scenarios for the coming decades have a large uncertainty range, in particular with respect to regional trends, leading to a significant uncertainty range in estimated regional Composition changes and climate impact

  • Atmospheric Composition Change: Climate-Chemistry Interactions
    The Future of the World's Climate, 2012
    Co-Authors: I. S.a. Isaksen, Gunnar Myhre, Pierre Bousquet, Claire Granier, Stig B. Dalsøren, Rasmus Benestad, Michael Gauss, Terje Berntsen, Zbigniew Klimont, William Collins
    Abstract:

    The coupling between climate change and Atmospheric Composition results from the basic structure of the Earth atmosphere climate system, and the fundamental processes within it. The Composition of the atmosphere is determined by natural and human-related emissions, and the energy that flows into, out of, and within the atmosphere. Atmospheric Composition influences climate by regulating the radiation budget. Potentially significant contributions to the climate impact are provided by compounds such as CO2, CH4, O3, particles, and cirrus clouds. For the chemically active gases, processes in the atmosphere are important, with large spatial and temporal variations. The climate-chemistry interactions are therefore characterized by significant regional differences with regions such as South East Asia being a future key region due to significant increases in energy use and pollution emission. Likewise, ship and air traffic represent important sectors because of significant increases in emissions in recent years. The relative contributions to the emissions from various sectors are expected to change significantly over the next few decades due to differences in mitigation options and costs. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  • Atmospheric Composition change climate chemistry interactions
    Atmospheric Environment, 2009
    Co-Authors: I. S.a. Isaksen, Gunnar Myhre, Pierre Bousquet, Claire Granier, Stig B. Dalsøren, Rasmus Benestad, Michael Gauss, Terje Berntsen, Zbigniew Klimont, W J Collins
    Abstract:

    Abstract Chemically active climate compounds are either primary compounds like methane (CH 4 ), removed by oxidation in the atmosphere, or secondary compounds like ozone (O 3 ), sulfate and organic aerosols, both formed and removed in the atmosphere. Man-induced climate–chemistry interaction is a two-way process: Emissions of pollutants change the Atmospheric Composition contributing to climate change through the aforementioned climate components, and climate change, through changes in temperature, dynamics, the hydrological cycle, Atmospheric stability, and biosphere-atmosphere interactions, affects the Atmospheric Composition and oxidation processes in the troposphere. Here we present progress in our understanding of processes of importance for climate–chemistry interactions, and their contributions to changes in Atmospheric Composition and climate forcing. A key factor is the oxidation potential involving compounds like O 3 and the hydroxyl radical (OH). Reported studies represent both current and future changes. Reported results include new estimates of radiative forcing based on extensive model studies of chemically active climate compounds like O 3 , and of particles inducing both direct and indirect effects. Through EU projects like ACCENT, QUANTIFY, and the AeroCom project, extensive studies on regional and sector-wise differences in the impact on Atmospheric distribution are performed. Studies have shown that land-based emissions have a different effect on climate than ship and aircraft emissions, and different measures are needed to reduce the climate impact. Several areas where climate change can affect the tropospheric oxidation process and the chemical Composition are identified. This can take place through enhanced stratospheric–tropospheric exchange of ozone, more frequent periods with stable conditions favoring pollution build up over industrial areas, enhanced temperature induced biogenic emissions, methane releases from permafrost thawing, and enhanced concentration through reduced biospheric uptake. During the last 5–10 years, new observational data have been made available and used for model validation and the study of Atmospheric processes. Although there are significant uncertainties in the modeling of Composition changes, access to new observational data has improved modeling capability. Emission scenarios for the coming decades have a large uncertainty range, in particular with respect to regional trends, leading to a significant uncertainty range in estimated regional Composition changes and climate impact.

Pierre-françois Coheur - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Atmospheric Composition: IASI’s top ten
    2016
    Co-Authors: Cathy Clerbaux, Maya George, Sophie Bauduin, Anne Boynard, Pierre-françois Coheur, Lieven Clarisse, Cyril Crevoisier, Stamatia Doniki, Juliette Hadji-lazaro, Daniel Hurtmans
    Abstract:

    The IASI mission is a versatile mission that fulfills the needs of three different communities: numerical weather prediction, climate research and Atmospheric Composition monitoring. In order to converge on the design of such an instrument all three communities had to make reasonable accommodations 20 years ago, and it turns out that this mission is now recognized as essential for weather forecasting, and for tracking pollutants/greenhouse gases from space. With the launch of MetOp-B and -C and the continuity and new challenges offered by IASI-NG, an exceptional data record will be available in the next few years. The presentation (movie) illustrates some of the major findings related to Atmospheric Composition changes as monitored by IASI during the last 10 years. It relies on accurate data available in near real time along with an excellent horizontal coverage. We will show the global scale mapping of gases, along with the detection of dust and ash particles, as well as the potential of the mission to catch special events such as volcanic eruptions, large fires and pollution peaks.

  • Monitoring of Atmospheric Composition with IASI/MetOp Sounders : ULB/LATMOS data in open access via Ether website
    2016
    Co-Authors: Juliette Hadji-lazaro, Cathy Clerbaux, Maya George, Pierre-françois Coheur, Lieven Clarisse, Daniel Hurtmans, Cathy Boonne, Martin Van Damme, Simon Whitburn, Thomas August
    Abstract:

    The IASI remote sensor flying onboard the MetOp-A and -B satellites has been providing twice daily observation of the Atmospheric Composition since the end of 2007. Global distributions of several reactive species are retrieved from IASI radiance spectra in near-realtime both at ULB and LATMOS, using dedicated radiative transfer models and retrieval schemes. Among the different algorithms set up, the FORLI software series provides vertical profiles for CO, O3, and HNO3, while alternative methods using brightness temperature differences or so-called “hyperspectral range indices” coupled with look-up tables allow retrieval of SO2, NH3 and VOCs columns. The FORLI software package is now implemented in the EUMETSAT operational processing chain, in the framework of the Ozone and Atmospheric Composition Satellite Application Facility (O3MSAF). CO products are now operationally distributed by EUMETCAST, and SO2, O3 and HNO3 should follow in 2016-2017. In this presentation, we will review the methods and the products available from our processing chains. Global scale distributions of CO, O3 profiles as well as SO2 and NH3 columns can be downloaded from the Ether (AERIS) website for further scientific analysis.

  • the macc reanalysis an 8 yr data set of Atmospheric Composition
    Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2012
    Co-Authors: Antje Inness, Cathy Clerbaux, Pierre-françois Coheur, A. Benedetti, Idir Bouarar, Frank Baier, S Chabrillat, Hannah Clark, Richard J. Engelen
    Abstract:

    Abstract. An eight-year long reanalysis of Atmospheric Composition data covering the period 2003–2010 was constructed as part of the FP7-funded Monitoring Atmospheric Composition and Climate project by assimilating satellite data into a global model and data assimilation system. This reanalysis provides fields of chemically reactive gases, namely carbon monoxide, ozone, nitrogen oxides, and formaldehyde, as well as aerosols and greenhouse gases globally at a horizontal resolution of about 80 km for both the troposphere and the stratosphere. This paper describes the assimilation system for the reactive gases and presents validation results for the reactive gas analysis fields to document the data set and to give a first indication of its quality. Tropospheric CO values from the MACC reanalysis are on average 10–20% lower than routine observations from commercial aircrafts over airports through most of the troposphere, and have larger negative biases in the boundary layer at urban sites affected by air pollution, possibly due to an underestimation of CO or precursor emissions. Stratospheric ozone fields from the MACC reanalysis agree with ozonesondes and ACE-FTS data to within ±10% in most seasons and regions. In the troposphere the reanalysis shows biases of −5% to +10% with respect to ozonesondes and aircraft data in the extratropics, but has larger negative biases in the tropics. Area-averaged total column ozone agrees with ozone fields from a multi-sensor reanalysis data set to within a few percent. NO 2 fields from the reanalysis show the right seasonality over polluted urban areas of the NH and over tropical biomass burning areas, but underestimate wintertime NO 2 maxima over anthropogenic pollution regions and overestimate NO 2 in northern and southern Africa during the tropical biomass burning seasons. Tropospheric HCHO is well simulated in the MACC reanalysis even though no satellite data are assimilated. It shows good agreement with independent SCIAMACHY retrievals over regions dominated by biogenic emissions with some anthropogenic input, such as the eastern US and China, and also over African regions influenced by biogenic sources and biomass burning.

  • Monitoring and forecast of Atmospheric Composition using the IASI/Metop satellite mission
    2011
    Co-Authors: Cathy Clerbaux, Pierre-françois Coheur
    Abstract:

    Thermal infrared nadir-looking sounders on-board polar-orbiting satellites are now playing a key role for monitoring the Atmospheric Composition change. They add to the products available from UV-visible instruments and these altogether contribute in drawing a more complete picture of the tropospheric Composition, its changes over space and time, and its impact on the global environment. The French IASI instrument launched onboard the European MetOp satellite series is providing essential inputs for weather forecasting and pollution/climate monitoring. This mission is recording Atmospheric spectra at each location two times per day, with an excellent horizontal resolution and coverage, from which global, regional and local distributions of trace gas concentrations can be derived. Thanks to the very good radiometric performance of the instrument a list of 24 climate and chemistry relevant species has been identified. The talk will summarize operational near real time applications that are currently being developed, and illustrate the latest results obtain to track pollution plumes coming from different sources in order to monitor and forecast Atmospheric Composition.

  • Infrared remote sensing of Atmospheric Composition and air quality: Towards operational applications
    Comptes Rendus Geoscience, 2010
    Co-Authors: Cathy Clerbaux, Solène Turquety, Pierre-françois Coheur
    Abstract:

    Atmospheric remote sensing from satellites is an essential component of the observational strategy deployed to monitor Atmospheric pollution and changing Composition. During this decade, remote sensors using the thermal infrared (TIR) spectral range have demonstrated their ability to sound the troposphere and provide global distribution for some of the key Atmospheric species. This article illustrates three operational applications made possible with the IASI instrument onboard the European satellite MetOp, which opens new perspectives for routine observation of the evolution of Atmospheric Composition from space.