The Experts below are selected from a list of 17913 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Alberto Loizzo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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New beta-adrenergic agonists used illicitly as growth promoters in animal breeding: chemical and pharmacodynamic studies.
Toxicology, 2003Co-Authors: Gabriela Mazzanti, Claudia Daniele, Gianpiero Boatto, Giuliana Manca, Gianfranco Brambilla, Alberto LoizzoAbstract:Clenbuterol and beta-adrenergic receptor agonist drugs are illegally used as growth promoters in animal production. Pharmacologically active residues in edible tissues led to intoxication outbreaks in several countries. Pressure of official controls pulsed synthesis of new compounds to escape analytical procedures. We report two new compounds named 'A' and 'G4', found in feeding stuffs. Chemical structure was studied through nuclear magnetic resonance-imaging and infrared spectroscopy, and beta(1)- and beta(2)-adrenergic activity was evaluated on isolated guinea-pig Atrium and trachea in comparison with clenbuterol. Both compounds share with clenbuterol an halogenated aromatic ring with a primary amino group. Main modifications consisted of substitution of secondary amino group with an alkyl chain in compound A and substitution of the ter-butyl group with a benzene ring in compound G4. In guinea-pig trachea these compounds showed myorelaxant potency lower than clenbuterol (EC(50) was 43.8 nM for clenbuterol, 11700 nM for compound A, 2140 nM for G4). On the contrary, in the guinea-pig Atrium (Heart-beat rate stimulant effect) the compounds were more potent than clenbuterol (EC(50) was 15.2 nM for clenbuterol, 3.4 nM for compound A, 2.8 nM for G4). These pharmacodynamic properties, and stronger lipophilic properties shown by the two compounds may result in increased cardiovascular risk for consumers of illicitly treated animals.
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New β-adrenergic agonists used illicitly as growth promoters in animal breeding: chemical and pharmacodynamic studies
Toxicology, 2003Co-Authors: Gabriela Mazzanti, Claudia Daniele, Gianpiero Boatto, Giuliana Manca, Gianfranco Brambilla, Alberto LoizzoAbstract:Clenbuterol and β-adrenergic receptor agonist drugs are illegally used as growth promoters in animal production. Pharmacologically active residues in edible tissues led to intoxication outbreaks in several countries. Pressure of official controls pulsed synthesis of new compounds to escape analytical procedures. We report two new compounds named ‘A’ and ‘G4’, found in feeding stuffs. Chemical structure was studied through nuclear magnetic resonance-imaging and infrared spectroscopy, and β1- and β2-adrenergic activity was evaluated on isolated guinea-pig Atrium and trachea in comparison with clenbuterol. Both compounds share with clenbuterol an halogenated aromatic ring with a primary amino group. Main modifications consisted of substitution of secondary amino group with an alkyl chain in compound A and substitution of the ter-butyl group with a benzene ring in compound G4. In guinea-pig trachea these compounds showed myorelaxant potency lower than clenbuterol (EC50 was 43.8 nM for clenbuterol, 11 700 nM for compound A, 2140 nM for G4). On the contrary, in the guinea-pig Atrium (Heart-beat rate stimulant effect) the compounds were more potent than clenbuterol (EC50 was 15.2 nM for clenbuterol, 3.4 nM for compound A, 2.8 nM for G4). These pharmacodynamic properties, and stronger lipophilic properties shown by the two compounds may result in increased cardiovascular risk for consumers of illicitly treated animals.
Annegret Geipel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Ebstein's Anomaly of the Tricuspid Valve in the Fetus - A Multicenter Experience.
Ultraschall in der Medizin (Stuttgart Germany : 1980), 2016Co-Authors: Ingo Gottschalk, Lea Gottschalk, Rüdiger Stressig, Jochen Ritgen, Ulrike Herberg, Johannes Breuer, Renate Oberhoffer, Arne Willruth, Brigitte Strizek, Annegret GeipelAbstract:Purpose To assess the spectrum of associated anomalies, the intrauterine course, the outcome and possible prognostic markers in prenatally diagnosed Ebstein's anomaly (EA). Materials and Methods All cases of EA diagnosed over a period of 13 years with a minimum follow-up of 1 year were retrospectively collected in 4 tertiary referral centers in Germany. Results In the study period 76 cases of EA were prenatally diagnosed. The mean gestational age at diagnosis was 25.0 weeks (range: 13 - 35). 41 (53.9 %) cases were isolated and 35 (46.1 %) had other cardiac and/or extracardiac anomalies. 19 (25.0 %) pregnant women opted for termination of pregnancy, intrauterine fetal death occurred in 7 cases (9.2 %), neonatal death in 14 cases (18.4 %), death in infancy or childhood in 9 cases (11.8 %) and 27 children (35.5 %) were alive at the last follow-up. After exclusion of terminations, the only parameter inversely correlated with intrauterine survival was hydrops fetalis. Prognostic parameters significantly associated with postnatal non-survival were an abnormal Celermajer index (right Atrium/Heart ratio > 0.7), cardiomegaly (cardiothoracic circumference ratio > 0.5), absence of antegrade flow over the pulmonary valve and earlier diagnosis in pregnancy. Conclusion Prenatally diagnosed EA has a high morbidity and mortality with the highest loss rate in the intrauterine and neonatal period. In our study, hydrops fetalis was the only parameter significantly associated with intrauterine demise, while other prenatal markers were only significantly associated with postnatal mortality.
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Ebstein’s Anomaly of the Tricuspid Valve in the Fetus – A Multicenter Experience
Ultraschall in Der Medizin, 2016Co-Authors: Ingo Gottschalk, Lea Gottschalk, Rüdiger Stressig, Jochen Ritgen, Ulrike Herberg, Johannes Breuer, Renate Oberhoffer, Arne Willruth, Brigitte Strizek, Annegret GeipelAbstract:Purpose To assess the spectrum of associated anomalies, the intrauterine course, the outcome and possible prognostic markers in prenatally diagnosed Ebstein’s anomaly (EA). Materials and Methods All cases of EA diagnosed over a period of 13 years with a minimum follow-up of 1 year were retrospectively collected in 4 tertiary referral centers in Germany. Results In the study period 76 cases of EA were prenatally diagnosed. The mean gestational age at diagnosis was 25.0 weeks (range: 13 – 35). 41 (53.9 %) cases were isolated and 35 (46.1 %) had other cardiac and/or extracardiac anomalies. 19 (25.0 %) pregnant women opted for termination of pregnancy, intrauterine fetal death occurred in 7 cases (9.2 %), neonatal death in 14 cases (18.4 %), death in infancy or childhood in 9 cases (11.8 %) and 27 children (35.5 %) were alive at the last follow-up. After exclusion of terminations, the only parameter inversely correlated with intrauterine survival was hydrops fetalis. Prognostic parameters significantly associated with postnatal non-survival were an abnormal Celermajer index (right Atrium/Heart ratio > 0.7), cardiomegaly (cardiothoracic circumference ratio > 0.5), absence of antegrade flow over the pulmonary valve and earlier diagnosis in pregnancy. Conclusion Prenatally diagnosed EA has a high morbidity and mortality with the highest loss rate in the intrauterine and neonatal period. In our study, hydrops fetalis was the only parameter significantly associated with intrauterine demise, while other prenatal markers were only significantly associated with postnatal mortality.
Gabriela Mazzanti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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New beta-adrenergic agonists used illicitly as growth promoters in animal breeding: chemical and pharmacodynamic studies.
Toxicology, 2003Co-Authors: Gabriela Mazzanti, Claudia Daniele, Gianpiero Boatto, Giuliana Manca, Gianfranco Brambilla, Alberto LoizzoAbstract:Clenbuterol and beta-adrenergic receptor agonist drugs are illegally used as growth promoters in animal production. Pharmacologically active residues in edible tissues led to intoxication outbreaks in several countries. Pressure of official controls pulsed synthesis of new compounds to escape analytical procedures. We report two new compounds named 'A' and 'G4', found in feeding stuffs. Chemical structure was studied through nuclear magnetic resonance-imaging and infrared spectroscopy, and beta(1)- and beta(2)-adrenergic activity was evaluated on isolated guinea-pig Atrium and trachea in comparison with clenbuterol. Both compounds share with clenbuterol an halogenated aromatic ring with a primary amino group. Main modifications consisted of substitution of secondary amino group with an alkyl chain in compound A and substitution of the ter-butyl group with a benzene ring in compound G4. In guinea-pig trachea these compounds showed myorelaxant potency lower than clenbuterol (EC(50) was 43.8 nM for clenbuterol, 11700 nM for compound A, 2140 nM for G4). On the contrary, in the guinea-pig Atrium (Heart-beat rate stimulant effect) the compounds were more potent than clenbuterol (EC(50) was 15.2 nM for clenbuterol, 3.4 nM for compound A, 2.8 nM for G4). These pharmacodynamic properties, and stronger lipophilic properties shown by the two compounds may result in increased cardiovascular risk for consumers of illicitly treated animals.
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New β-adrenergic agonists used illicitly as growth promoters in animal breeding: chemical and pharmacodynamic studies
Toxicology, 2003Co-Authors: Gabriela Mazzanti, Claudia Daniele, Gianpiero Boatto, Giuliana Manca, Gianfranco Brambilla, Alberto LoizzoAbstract:Clenbuterol and β-adrenergic receptor agonist drugs are illegally used as growth promoters in animal production. Pharmacologically active residues in edible tissues led to intoxication outbreaks in several countries. Pressure of official controls pulsed synthesis of new compounds to escape analytical procedures. We report two new compounds named ‘A’ and ‘G4’, found in feeding stuffs. Chemical structure was studied through nuclear magnetic resonance-imaging and infrared spectroscopy, and β1- and β2-adrenergic activity was evaluated on isolated guinea-pig Atrium and trachea in comparison with clenbuterol. Both compounds share with clenbuterol an halogenated aromatic ring with a primary amino group. Main modifications consisted of substitution of secondary amino group with an alkyl chain in compound A and substitution of the ter-butyl group with a benzene ring in compound G4. In guinea-pig trachea these compounds showed myorelaxant potency lower than clenbuterol (EC50 was 43.8 nM for clenbuterol, 11 700 nM for compound A, 2140 nM for G4). On the contrary, in the guinea-pig Atrium (Heart-beat rate stimulant effect) the compounds were more potent than clenbuterol (EC50 was 15.2 nM for clenbuterol, 3.4 nM for compound A, 2.8 nM for G4). These pharmacodynamic properties, and stronger lipophilic properties shown by the two compounds may result in increased cardiovascular risk for consumers of illicitly treated animals.
Ingo Gottschalk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Ebstein's Anomaly of the Tricuspid Valve in the Fetus - A Multicenter Experience.
Ultraschall in der Medizin (Stuttgart Germany : 1980), 2016Co-Authors: Ingo Gottschalk, Lea Gottschalk, Rüdiger Stressig, Jochen Ritgen, Ulrike Herberg, Johannes Breuer, Renate Oberhoffer, Arne Willruth, Brigitte Strizek, Annegret GeipelAbstract:Purpose To assess the spectrum of associated anomalies, the intrauterine course, the outcome and possible prognostic markers in prenatally diagnosed Ebstein's anomaly (EA). Materials and Methods All cases of EA diagnosed over a period of 13 years with a minimum follow-up of 1 year were retrospectively collected in 4 tertiary referral centers in Germany. Results In the study period 76 cases of EA were prenatally diagnosed. The mean gestational age at diagnosis was 25.0 weeks (range: 13 - 35). 41 (53.9 %) cases were isolated and 35 (46.1 %) had other cardiac and/or extracardiac anomalies. 19 (25.0 %) pregnant women opted for termination of pregnancy, intrauterine fetal death occurred in 7 cases (9.2 %), neonatal death in 14 cases (18.4 %), death in infancy or childhood in 9 cases (11.8 %) and 27 children (35.5 %) were alive at the last follow-up. After exclusion of terminations, the only parameter inversely correlated with intrauterine survival was hydrops fetalis. Prognostic parameters significantly associated with postnatal non-survival were an abnormal Celermajer index (right Atrium/Heart ratio > 0.7), cardiomegaly (cardiothoracic circumference ratio > 0.5), absence of antegrade flow over the pulmonary valve and earlier diagnosis in pregnancy. Conclusion Prenatally diagnosed EA has a high morbidity and mortality with the highest loss rate in the intrauterine and neonatal period. In our study, hydrops fetalis was the only parameter significantly associated with intrauterine demise, while other prenatal markers were only significantly associated with postnatal mortality.
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Ebstein’s Anomaly of the Tricuspid Valve in the Fetus – A Multicenter Experience
Ultraschall in Der Medizin, 2016Co-Authors: Ingo Gottschalk, Lea Gottschalk, Rüdiger Stressig, Jochen Ritgen, Ulrike Herberg, Johannes Breuer, Renate Oberhoffer, Arne Willruth, Brigitte Strizek, Annegret GeipelAbstract:Purpose To assess the spectrum of associated anomalies, the intrauterine course, the outcome and possible prognostic markers in prenatally diagnosed Ebstein’s anomaly (EA). Materials and Methods All cases of EA diagnosed over a period of 13 years with a minimum follow-up of 1 year were retrospectively collected in 4 tertiary referral centers in Germany. Results In the study period 76 cases of EA were prenatally diagnosed. The mean gestational age at diagnosis was 25.0 weeks (range: 13 – 35). 41 (53.9 %) cases were isolated and 35 (46.1 %) had other cardiac and/or extracardiac anomalies. 19 (25.0 %) pregnant women opted for termination of pregnancy, intrauterine fetal death occurred in 7 cases (9.2 %), neonatal death in 14 cases (18.4 %), death in infancy or childhood in 9 cases (11.8 %) and 27 children (35.5 %) were alive at the last follow-up. After exclusion of terminations, the only parameter inversely correlated with intrauterine survival was hydrops fetalis. Prognostic parameters significantly associated with postnatal non-survival were an abnormal Celermajer index (right Atrium/Heart ratio > 0.7), cardiomegaly (cardiothoracic circumference ratio > 0.5), absence of antegrade flow over the pulmonary valve and earlier diagnosis in pregnancy. Conclusion Prenatally diagnosed EA has a high morbidity and mortality with the highest loss rate in the intrauterine and neonatal period. In our study, hydrops fetalis was the only parameter significantly associated with intrauterine demise, while other prenatal markers were only significantly associated with postnatal mortality.
Gianfranco Brambilla - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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New beta-adrenergic agonists used illicitly as growth promoters in animal breeding: chemical and pharmacodynamic studies.
Toxicology, 2003Co-Authors: Gabriela Mazzanti, Claudia Daniele, Gianpiero Boatto, Giuliana Manca, Gianfranco Brambilla, Alberto LoizzoAbstract:Clenbuterol and beta-adrenergic receptor agonist drugs are illegally used as growth promoters in animal production. Pharmacologically active residues in edible tissues led to intoxication outbreaks in several countries. Pressure of official controls pulsed synthesis of new compounds to escape analytical procedures. We report two new compounds named 'A' and 'G4', found in feeding stuffs. Chemical structure was studied through nuclear magnetic resonance-imaging and infrared spectroscopy, and beta(1)- and beta(2)-adrenergic activity was evaluated on isolated guinea-pig Atrium and trachea in comparison with clenbuterol. Both compounds share with clenbuterol an halogenated aromatic ring with a primary amino group. Main modifications consisted of substitution of secondary amino group with an alkyl chain in compound A and substitution of the ter-butyl group with a benzene ring in compound G4. In guinea-pig trachea these compounds showed myorelaxant potency lower than clenbuterol (EC(50) was 43.8 nM for clenbuterol, 11700 nM for compound A, 2140 nM for G4). On the contrary, in the guinea-pig Atrium (Heart-beat rate stimulant effect) the compounds were more potent than clenbuterol (EC(50) was 15.2 nM for clenbuterol, 3.4 nM for compound A, 2.8 nM for G4). These pharmacodynamic properties, and stronger lipophilic properties shown by the two compounds may result in increased cardiovascular risk for consumers of illicitly treated animals.
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New β-adrenergic agonists used illicitly as growth promoters in animal breeding: chemical and pharmacodynamic studies
Toxicology, 2003Co-Authors: Gabriela Mazzanti, Claudia Daniele, Gianpiero Boatto, Giuliana Manca, Gianfranco Brambilla, Alberto LoizzoAbstract:Clenbuterol and β-adrenergic receptor agonist drugs are illegally used as growth promoters in animal production. Pharmacologically active residues in edible tissues led to intoxication outbreaks in several countries. Pressure of official controls pulsed synthesis of new compounds to escape analytical procedures. We report two new compounds named ‘A’ and ‘G4’, found in feeding stuffs. Chemical structure was studied through nuclear magnetic resonance-imaging and infrared spectroscopy, and β1- and β2-adrenergic activity was evaluated on isolated guinea-pig Atrium and trachea in comparison with clenbuterol. Both compounds share with clenbuterol an halogenated aromatic ring with a primary amino group. Main modifications consisted of substitution of secondary amino group with an alkyl chain in compound A and substitution of the ter-butyl group with a benzene ring in compound G4. In guinea-pig trachea these compounds showed myorelaxant potency lower than clenbuterol (EC50 was 43.8 nM for clenbuterol, 11 700 nM for compound A, 2140 nM for G4). On the contrary, in the guinea-pig Atrium (Heart-beat rate stimulant effect) the compounds were more potent than clenbuterol (EC50 was 15.2 nM for clenbuterol, 3.4 nM for compound A, 2.8 nM for G4). These pharmacodynamic properties, and stronger lipophilic properties shown by the two compounds may result in increased cardiovascular risk for consumers of illicitly treated animals.