The Experts below are selected from a list of 15993 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Antonia Bifulco - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Adolescent Attachment Style in Residential Care: The Attachment Style Interview and Vulnerable Attachment Style Questionnaire
British Journal of Social Work, 2016Co-Authors: Antonia Bifulco, Catherine Jacobs, Yael Ilan-clarke, Ruth Spence, Andrea OskisAbstract:Attachment frameworks are increasingly used to understand human development and used by social workers in care planning for children and young people in care. To date, there have been few assessment tools that social workers can use easily and therefore little sustained use of Attachment assessment by practitioners in residential care. This paper describes the use of the Attachment Style Interview (ASI) for adolescents and the Vulnerable Attachment Style Questionnaire (VASQ) self-report in a pilot study of young people in residential care in the UK and Isle of Man. The aim was to test these relatively new measures in practice contexts administered by practitioners, and to determine rates of insecure and disorganised Attachment Style to compare with other studies. Results show around half of the young people had disorganised (or mixed) Attachment Styles using either measure, with avoidant Attachment Styles more common than anxious ones. Secure Style was rare. There was some difference in young person and carer ratings, with young people rating slightly less disorganised Style and more anxious Style, but simplified classifications were similar. The implications for assessing Attachment Style in residential care to improve identification of interpersonal risk and aid with care planning are discussed.
-
Exploring disorganized Attachment Style among Malay mothers in Malaysia: A study using the Attachment Style Interview
Social Work in Mental Health, 2016Co-Authors: Nor Ba’yah Abdul Kadir, Antonia BifulcoAbstract:This article explores emerging themes involving disorganized Attachment Style among Malay Muslim mothers using the Attachment Style Interview (ASI). Analysis of the 18 mothers with disorganized Attachment Style (those with combined anxious and avoidant Styles) utilized themes deemed important from the Attachment research literature and selected based on a careful reading of the narrative cases. These include more extreme negative interpersonal experiences than found in other insecure Attachment Style descriptors, and included partner violence and related isolation/social exclusion. It also indicated more complex cognitive-affective disturbance including mixed or contradictory dependency patterns and both angry and fearful attitudes to others. We discuss the concept of disorganized Attachment Style in relation to abuse, social exclusion, and its implication for psychopathology, intervention, and treatment
-
Attachment Style and psychological adjustment in couples
Attachment & human development, 2011Co-Authors: Ana Conde, Bárbara Figueiredo, Antonia BifulcoAbstract:The present study addresses the gap in research concerning poor marital support together with insecure Attachment Style explaining risk for anxiety or depression in both members of a couple expecting a baby. The Attachment Style Interview (ASI) was administered separately to both members of a couple (N = 126) during the second trimester of pregnancy together with measures of state-anxiety (STAI-S) and depression (EPDS). These measures were repeated at three months postpartum. While insecure Attachment Style was related to higher anxiety and depression symptoms in both partners at both time periods, there was an increase of postnatal depression symptoms in women. Poor partner support contributed to anxiety symptoms only in men. When insecure Attachment combinations in both members of the couple were examined, insecure Styles increased anxiety and depression symptoms in both genders antenatally, but postnatal anxiety symptoms only in women. A combined effect of partner's support and Attachment Style on temporal changes of anxiety symptoms was observed differently for women and men. It is important to assess Attachment Style and partner support of both members, as well as the mutual interplay between them, to understand gendered differences in psychological adjustment of a couple expecting a baby.
-
adult Attachment Style i its relationship to clinical depression
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 2002Co-Authors: Antonia Bifulco, Patricia Moran, C Ball, Odette BernazzaniAbstract:Background Although there are an increasing number of studies showing an association of adult Attachment Style to depressive disorder, such studies have rarely utilised epidemiological approaches with large community-based series and have relied heavily on brief self-report measurement of both Attachment Style and symptoms. The result is a wide inconsistency in the type of insecure Style shown to relate to disorder. The present study examined adult Attachment Style in a high-risk community sample of women in relation to clinical depression. It utilised an interview measure of adult Attachment which allowed for an assessment of both type of Attachment Style and the degree of insecurity of Attachment. A companion paper examines its relationship with other depressive-vulnerability (Bifulco et al. 2002). Method Two hundred and twenty-two high-risk and 80 comparison women were selected from questionnaire screenings of London GP patient lists and intensively interviewed. A global scale of Attachment Style based on supportive relationships (with partner and very close others) together with attitudes to support-seeking, derived the four Styles paralleling those from self-report Attachment assessments (Secure, Enmeshed, Fearful, Avoidant). In order to additionally reflect hostility in the scheme, the Avoidant category was subdivided into “Angry-dismissive” and “Withdrawn”. The degree to which attitudes and behaviour within such Styles were dysfunctional (“non-standard”) was also assessed. Attachment Style was examined in relation to clinical depression in a 12-month period. For a third of the series this was examined prospectively to new onset of disorder. Results The presence of any insecure Style was significantly related to 12-month depression. However, when controls were made for depressive symptomatology at interview, only the “non-standard” levels of Enmeshed, Fearful or Angry-dismissive Styles related to disorder. Withdrawn-avoidance was not significantly related to disorder. Conclusion The relationship of Attachment Style to clinical depression is increased by differentiating the degree of insecurity of Style and differentiating hostile and non-hostile avoidance.
-
adult Attachment Style ii its relationship to psychosocial depressive vulnerability
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 2002Co-Authors: Antonia Bifulco, Patricia Moran, C Ball, A LillieAbstract:Background A range of studies show adult Attachment Style is associated with depressive-vulnerability factors such as low self-esteem, poor support and childhood adversity. However, there is wide inconsistency shown in the type of insecure Style most highly associated. Few studies have examined Attachment Style in relation to clinical depression together with a range of such factors in epidemiological series. The present study uses an interview measure of adult Attachment which differentiates type of Attachment Style and degree of insecurity of Attachment, to see: (a) if it adds to other vulnerability in predicting depression and (b) if there is specificity of Style to type of vulnerability. Method Two hundred and twenty-two high-risk and 80 comparison women were selected from questionnaire screenings of London GP patient lists and intensively interviewed. The Attachment Style Interview (ASI) differentiated five Styles (Enmeshed, Fearful, Angry-dismissive, Withdrawn and Standard) as well as the degree to which attitudes and behaviour within such Styles were dysfunctional (‘non-standard’). Attachment Style was examined in relation to low self-esteem, support and childhood experience of neglect or abuse, and all of these examined in relation to clinical depression in a 12-month period. Results The presence of any ‘non-standard’ Style was significantly related to poor support, low self-esteem and childhood adversity. Some specificity of type of Style and type of vulnerability was observed. Logistic regression showed that non-standard Enmeshed, Fearful and Angry-dismissive Styles, poor support and childhood neglect/abuse provided the best model for clinical depression. Conclusion Non-standard Attachment in the form of markedly Enmeshed, Fearful or Angry-dismissive Styles was shown to be associated with other depressive-vulnerability factors involving close relationships, self-esteem and childhood adversity and added to these in modelling depression.
Molly R Butterworth - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Attachment Style vagal tone and empathy during mother adolescent interactions
Journal of Research on Adolescence, 2012Co-Authors: Lisa M. Diamond, Christopher P Fagundes, Molly R ButterworthAbstract:We tested associations among empathic responsiveness, Attachment Style, and vagal tone (a physiologic index of emotion regulation) in 103 mother–adolescent dyads. Dyads discussed positive and negative topics and then separately reviewed a videotape of the interaction and rated their own and the other person's affect at one-minute intervals. We used multilevel modeling to analyze the association between one's rating of the other person's affect and the other person's affect (empathic sensitivity), and the association between one's rating of the other person's affect and one's own affect (perceived concordance). Adolescents’ empathic responsiveness was predicted by Attachment Style, vagal tone, and interactions between them. Adolescents with the greatest empathic responsiveness had low levels of Attachment insecurity and high levels of vagal tone.
-
Attachment Style, Vagal Tone, and Empathy During Mother–Adolescent Interactions
Journal of Research on Adolescence, 2011Co-Authors: Lisa M. Diamond, Christopher P Fagundes, Molly R ButterworthAbstract:We tested associations among empathic responsiveness, Attachment Style, and vagal tone (a physiologic index of emotion regulation) in 103 mother–adolescent dyads. Dyads discussed positive and negative topics and then separately reviewed a videotape of the interaction and rated their own and the other person's affect at one-minute intervals. We used multilevel modeling to analyze the association between one's rating of the other person's affect and the other person's affect (empathic sensitivity), and the association between one's rating of the other person's affect and one's own affect (perceived concordance). Adolescents’ empathic responsiveness was predicted by Attachment Style, vagal tone, and interactions between them. Adolescents with the greatest empathic responsiveness had low levels of Attachment insecurity and high levels of vagal tone.
Gerard Mccarthy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
avoidant ambivalent Attachment Style as a mediator between abusive childhood experiences and adult relationship difficulties
Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 1999Co-Authors: Gerard Mccarthy, Alan TaylorAbstract:The role of Attachment Style, self-esteem, and relationship attributions as possible mediators between abusive childhood experiences and difficulties in establishing supportive love relationships in adulthood were investigated in a sample of women known to be at risk of experiencing relationship problems. Measures of child abuse, the quality of love relationships, and the three potential mediators were made concurrently in adulthood. Participants who had experienced child abuse were found to be six times more likely to be experiencing difficulties in the domain of adult love relationships than those who had not. Self-esteem and relationship attributions were not found to be related to child abuse. When both child abuse and avoidant/ambivalent Attachment Style were considered together avoidant/ambivalent Attachment Style, but not child abuse, was found to be related to relationship difficulties. These findings indicate that avoidant/ambivalent Attachment Style, but not self-esteem and relationship attributions, is a mediating factor in the route from child abuse to adult relationship abilities.
-
Avoidant/ambivalent Attachment Style as a mediator between abusive childhood experiences and adult relationship difficulties.
Journal of child psychology and psychiatry and allied disciplines, 1999Co-Authors: Gerard Mccarthy, Alan TaylorAbstract:The role of Attachment Style, self-esteem, and relationship attributions as possible mediators between abusive childhood experiences and difficulties in establishing supportive love relationships in adulthood were investigated in a sample of women known to be at risk of experiencing relationship problems. Measures of child abuse, the quality of love relationships, and the three potential mediators were made concurrently in adulthood. Participants who had experienced child abuse were found to be six times more likely to be experiencing difficulties in the domain of adult love relationships than those who had not. Self-esteem and relationship attributions were not found to be related to child abuse. When both child abuse and avoidant/ambivalent Attachment Style were considered together avoidant/ambivalent Attachment Style, but not child abuse, was found to be related to relationship difficulties. These findings indicate that avoidant/ambivalent Attachment Style, but not self-esteem and relationship attributions, is a mediating factor in the route from child abuse to adult relationship abilities.
-
Attachment Style and adult love relationships and friendships: A study of a group of women at risk of experiencing relationship difficulties
British Journal of Medical Psychology, 1999Co-Authors: Gerard MccarthyAbstract:This study examines the relationship between Attachment Style and love relationships and friendships in a group of women (N = 40) known to be at risk of experiencing relationship problems. The association between Attachment Style and measures of self-esteem and depression were also investigated. Women with a secure Attachment Style had more positive ratings in the domain of adult love relationships than women with insecure Attachment Style (avoidant and ambivalent) and difficulties in adult love relationships were found to be particularly related to an avoidant Attachment Style. Insecure Attachment Style was also related to having cohabited with a deviant partner. Adult Attachment Style was not found to be related to ratings of current mood but was significantly related to self-esteem and to ratings of functioning in the domain of adult friendships. In particular, participants with an anxious-ambivalent Attachment Style had more negative self-esteem than secure participants. Secure participants had more positive ratings in the domain of adult friendships than insecure participants and a moderately significant association was also found between difficulties in the domain of adult friendships and an anxious-ambivalent Attachment Style. In addition, 20% (N = 8) of the women also reported Attachment Styles characterized by high levels of avoidance and ambivalence: this group was found to have more pervasive difficulties in their close relationships than women who endorsed a single dominant Attachment Style.
Lisa M. Diamond - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Attachment Style vagal tone and empathy during mother adolescent interactions
Journal of Research on Adolescence, 2012Co-Authors: Lisa M. Diamond, Christopher P Fagundes, Molly R ButterworthAbstract:We tested associations among empathic responsiveness, Attachment Style, and vagal tone (a physiologic index of emotion regulation) in 103 mother–adolescent dyads. Dyads discussed positive and negative topics and then separately reviewed a videotape of the interaction and rated their own and the other person's affect at one-minute intervals. We used multilevel modeling to analyze the association between one's rating of the other person's affect and the other person's affect (empathic sensitivity), and the association between one's rating of the other person's affect and one's own affect (perceived concordance). Adolescents’ empathic responsiveness was predicted by Attachment Style, vagal tone, and interactions between them. Adolescents with the greatest empathic responsiveness had low levels of Attachment insecurity and high levels of vagal tone.
-
Attachment Style, Vagal Tone, and Empathy During Mother–Adolescent Interactions
Journal of Research on Adolescence, 2011Co-Authors: Lisa M. Diamond, Christopher P Fagundes, Molly R ButterworthAbstract:We tested associations among empathic responsiveness, Attachment Style, and vagal tone (a physiologic index of emotion regulation) in 103 mother–adolescent dyads. Dyads discussed positive and negative topics and then separately reviewed a videotape of the interaction and rated their own and the other person's affect at one-minute intervals. We used multilevel modeling to analyze the association between one's rating of the other person's affect and the other person's affect (empathic sensitivity), and the association between one's rating of the other person's affect and one's own affect (perceived concordance). Adolescents’ empathic responsiveness was predicted by Attachment Style, vagal tone, and interactions between them. Adolescents with the greatest empathic responsiveness had low levels of Attachment insecurity and high levels of vagal tone.
Beth Troutman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
contributions of Attachment Style and perceived social support to lifetime use of illicit substances
Addictive Behaviors, 2005Co-Authors: Kristin Caspers, Remi J Cadoret, Douglas R Langbehn, Rebecca Yucuis, Beth TroutmanAbstract:Research has shown insecure Attachment Style is associated with ineffective emotional regulation leading to maladaptive behaviors in adulthood. In the present study, we examined the association between Attachment Style and illicit substance use within a sample of adoptees (n=148). It was predicted that insecure Attachment Style would be associated with a higher incidence of lifetime illicit substance use and that perceived social support would mediate this association. Logistic regression analyses showed higher prevalence of illicit substance use among both insecure Attachment groups as compared to the secure group. No difference was found between the two insecure types. Perceived social support was found to mediate the association between Attachment Style and illicit substance use for the insecure-preoccupied group only. The findings from the present study further implicate Attachment Style in the risk for illicit substance use, as well as preventions designed to identify those at risk for use.