The Experts below are selected from a list of 84036 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Christine Ecker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the neuroanatomy of Autism Spectrum Disorder an overview of structural neuroimaging findings and their translatability to the clinical setting
Autism, 2017Co-Authors: Christine EckerAbstract:Autism Spectrum Disorder is a complex neurodevelopmental Disorder, which is accompanied by differences in brain anatomy, functioning and brain connectivity. Due to its neurodevelopmental character, and the large phenotypic heterogeneity among individuals on the Autism Spectrum, the neurobiology of Autism Spectrum Disorder is inherently difficult to describe. Nevertheless, significant progress has been made in characterizing the neuroanatomical underpinnings of Autism Spectrum Disorder across the human life span, and in identifying the molecular pathways that may be affected in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Moreover, novel methodological frameworks for analyzing neuroimaging data are emerging that make it possible to characterize the neuroanatomy of Autism Spectrum Disorder on the case level, and to stratify individuals based on their individual phenotypic make up. While these approaches are increasingly more often employed in the research setting, their applicability in the clinical setting remains a vision f...
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the neuroanatomy of Autism Spectrum Disorder an overview of structural neuroimaging findings and their translatability to the clinical setting
Autism, 2017Co-Authors: Christine EckerAbstract:Autism Spectrum Disorder is a complex neurodevelopmental Disorder, which is accompanied by differences in brain anatomy, functioning and brain connectivity. Due to its neurodevelopmental character, and the large phenotypic heterogeneity among individuals on the Autism Spectrum, the neurobiology of Autism Spectrum Disorder is inherently difficult to describe. Nevertheless, significant progress has been made in characterizing the neuroanatomical underpinnings of Autism Spectrum Disorder across the human life span, and in identifying the molecular pathways that may be affected in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Moreover, novel methodological frameworks for analyzing neuroimaging data are emerging that make it possible to characterize the neuroanatomy of Autism Spectrum Disorder on the case level, and to stratify individuals based on their individual phenotypic make up. While these approaches are increasingly more often employed in the research setting, their applicability in the clinical setting remains a vision for the future. The aim of the current review is to (1) provide a general overview of recent structural neuroimaging findings examining the neuroanatomy of Autism Spectrum Disorder across the human life span, and in males and females with the condition, (2) highlight potential neuroimaging (bio)markers that may in the future be used for the stratification of Autism Spectrum Disorder individuals into biologically homogeneous subgroups and (3) inform treatment and intervention strategies.
Connie Kasari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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examining playground engagement between elementary school children with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder
Autism, 2016Co-Authors: Jill Locke, Wendy Shih, Mark Kretzmann, Connie KasariAbstract:Little is known about the social behavior of children with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder during recess. This study documented the naturally occurring recess engagement and peer interaction behaviors of children with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder in inclusive school settings. Participants included 51 children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and 51 classmates without Autism Spectrum Disorder who served as peer models matched on gender, classroom, grade, age, and ethnicity. Using a timed-interval behavior-coding system, children with Autism Spectrum Disorder spent approximately 30% of their recess time engaged in solitary activities, whereas their classmates only spent approximately 9% of recess unengaged. In addition, children with Autism Spectrum Disorder spent about 40% of the recess period jointly engaged with peers in a reciprocal activity, conversation, or game as compared to 70% for matched classmates. These findings provide a context for which to interpret intervention outcomes and gains for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in inclusive settings.
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social network analysis of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder predictors of fragmentation and connectivity in elementary school classrooms
Autism, 2016Co-Authors: Ariana Anderson, Jill Locke, Mark Kretzmann, Connie KasariAbstract:Although children with Autism Spectrum Disorder are frequently included in mainstream classrooms, it is not known how their social networks change compared to typically developing children and whether the factors predictive of this change may be unique. This study identified and compared predictors of social connectivity of children with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder using a social network analysis. Participants included 182 children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and 152 children without Autism Spectrum Disorder, aged 5-12 years in 152 general education K-5 classrooms. General linear models were used to compare how age, classroom size, gender, baseline connectivity, diagnosis, and intelligence quotient predicted changes in social connectivity (closeness). Gender and classroom size had a unique interaction in predicting final social connectivity and the change in connectivity for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder; boys who were placed in larger classrooms showed increased social network fragmentation. This increased fragmentation for boys when placed in larger classrooms was not seen in typically developing boys. These results have implications regarding placement, intervention objectives, and ongoing school support that aimed to increase the social success of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in public schools.
Bigna Lenggenhager - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Autism Spectrum Disorder and interoception: Abnormalities in global integration?:
Autism, 2017Co-Authors: Timothy R Hatfield, Melita J Giummarra, Rhonda F. Brown, Bigna LenggenhagerAbstract:Research over the past three decades has seen a revived interest in the way the human body-and the way in which it is perceived-interacts with aspects of our experience. Consequently, interoception (i.e. the perception of physiological feedback from the body) has recently been shown to be associated with a wide range of cognitive, emotional, and affective functions, making it broadly relevant to the study of Autism Spectrum Disorder. Although limited qualitative accounts and empirical studies suggest that individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder encounter abnormalities when perceiving and integrating physiological feedback from their bodies, other studies have suggested that people with/without Autism Spectrum Disorder do not differ in interoceptive ability after accounting for alexithymia. In this article, we discuss the newly recognized importance of interoception in Autism Spectrum Disorder with a focus on how deficits in the perception of bodily feedback might relate to the core features and co-occuring psychopathology of Autism Spectrum Disorder. Finally, a new integrated theory is advanced which posits that people with Autism Spectrum Disorder may experience a reduced capacity to integrate interoceptive information that may result in a narrow attentional bodily focus and reduced motivational and behavioral drives.
Lauren Brookmanfrazee - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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psychiatric comorbidity in Autism Spectrum Disorder correspondence between mental health clinician report and structured parent interview
Autism, 2017Co-Authors: Nicole Stadnick, Colby Chlebowski, Margaret W. Dyson, Ann F. Garland, Mary J Bakerericzen, Lauren BrookmanfrazeeAbstract:Publicly funded mental health services are critical in caring for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Accurate identification of psychiatric comorbidity is necessary for effective mental health treatment. Little is known about psychiatric diagnosis for this population in routine mental health care. This study (1) examined correspondence between psychiatric diagnoses reported by mental health clinicians and those derived from a structured diagnostic interview and (2) identified predictors of agreement between clinician-reported and diagnostic interview-derived diagnoses in a sample of 197 children aged 4–14 years with Autism Spectrum Disorder receiving mental health services. Data were drawn from a randomized effectiveness trial conducted in publicly funded mental health services. Non–Autism Spectrum Disorder diagnoses were assessed using an adapted version of the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview, parent version. Cohen’s kappa was calculated to examine agreement between Mini-International ...
Annelou L C De Vries - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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gender dysphoria and Autism Spectrum Disorder a narrative review
International Review of Psychiatry, 2016Co-Authors: Anna I R Van Der Miesen, Hannah Hurley, Annelou L C De VriesAbstract:The current literature shows growing evidence of a link between gender dysphoria (GD) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This study reviews the available clinical and empirical data. A systematic search of the literature was conducted using the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO and Scopus; utilizing different combinations of the following search terms: Autism, Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Asperger's Disorder (AD), co-morbidity, gender dysphoria (GD), gender identity Disorder (GID), transgenderism and transsexualism. In total, 25 articles and reports were selected and discussed. Information was grouped by found co-occurrence rates, underlying hypotheses and implications for diagnosis and treatment. GD and ASD were found to co-occur frequently - sometimes characterized by atypical presentation of GD, which makes a correct diagnosis and determination of treatment options for GD difficult. Despite these challenges there are several case reports describing gender affirming treatment of co-occurring GD in adolescents and adults with ASD. Various underlying hypotheses for the link between GD and ASD were suggested, but almost all of them lack evidence.
