The Experts below are selected from a list of 198 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Baptiste Brossard - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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les conditions sociales de l Automutilation juvenile une approche sociologique sous la direction de dominique memmi et de florence weber these de sociologie soutenue le mardi 20 septembre 2011 ecole des hautes etudes en sciences sociales ecole normal
Bulletin Amades. Anthropologie Médicale Appliquée au Développement Et à la Santé, 2013Co-Authors: Baptiste BrossardAbstract:Dans nos societes contemporaines, une partie des adolescents et jeunes adultes, majoritairement des femmes, se blessent eux-memes, volontairement, regulierement, en vue de se soulager d’un « mal-etre ». Parce qu’elles designent un mal de vivre a premiere vue individuel, ces conduites sont quasi-exclusivement etudiees par les professionnels de la sante mentale qui se centrent sur leur dimension psychologique. Cette these propose une sociologie empirique des blessures auto-infligees. Pendant c...
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une sociologie de l Automutilation
La Vie des idées, 2012Co-Authors: Baptiste BrossardAbstract:A propos de : P. et P. Adler, The Tender Cut. Inside The Hidden World of Self-Injury, New York University Press.
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l Automutilation un rituel a meme la peau
Enfances & Psy, 2011Co-Authors: Baptiste BrossardAbstract:Resume Cet article prend appui sur une enquete sociologique menee par entretiens approfondis avec des adolescents. Il se propose d’analyser la pratique des blessures auto-infligees en liant trois elements : l’histoire personnelle des enquetes, les modalites concretes de leurs blessures et le systeme emotionnel qui leur donne sens. Cette demarche aboutit a l’idee suivante : l’Automutilation est une pratique visant a maintenir ou retablir un ordre emotionnel et symbolique donne.
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les conditions sociales de l Automutilation juvenile une approche sociologique
2011Co-Authors: Baptiste BrossardAbstract:Cette these propose une approche sociologique des pratiques d'Automutilation, definies comme des blessures auto-infligees intentionnelles, repetees, stigmatisees socialement et effectuees en vue de se soulager d'un mal etre -sans intentions consciemment suicidaires, sexuelles ou esthetiques. Le materiel d'enquete se compose essentiellement d'entretiens approfondis et repetes avec des adolescents et jeunes adultes, rencontres a partir de forums Internet et d'etablissements de sante mentale. Suite a l'exploration des questions methodologiques inherentes a ces terrains, l'analyse s'organise autour de deux axes. D'une part, il s'agit de fournir une description concrete de la maniere dont se produit l'Automutilation, a l'echelle des trajectoires de vie des individus concernes, de la trame quotidienne des auto-blessures ainsi que des modalites pratiques de l'acte. D'autre part, c'est la recherche des « conditions sociales » de l'Automutilation qui fonde l'essentiel de l'analyse. Partant du constat que trois dimensions de la pratique contribuent particulierement a son « efficacite » et a son « choix» relatif (la discretion, la deviance et l'auto agressivite), ces fils sont deroules au cours d'etudes de cas individuels. Cette optique mene a une interpretation sociologique de l'Automutilation au prisme des enjeux de positionnement social dans la famille des enquetes, enjeux pesant aussi bien sur leur vie scolaire et leur sentiment d'appartenance sociale, que sur leur experience corporelle et leur identite de genre. Cette these consiste donc en une reflexion sur les circonstances sociales qui rendent possibles le recours a l'Automutilation.
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quand la scolarite depasse la scolarite etude des pratiques d Automutilation au prisme de l experience scolaire
Agora débats jeunesses, 2010Co-Authors: Baptiste BrossardAbstract:ResumeBase sur une enquete sociologique par entretiens approfondis, cet article propose d’etudier les blessures auto-infligees, ou Automutilations, au regard de l’experience scolaire des personnes concernees. Il etablit dans un premier temps comment s’imbriquent cette pratique et les vecus scolaires des enquetes puis, dans un second temps, il relate certaines situations dans lesquelles la pratique de l’Automutilation et le mal-etre en amont orientent le rapport a l’institution scolaire.
Raveen Hanwella - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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from pesticides to medicinal drugs time series analyses of methods of self harm in sri lanka des pesticides aux medicaments analyses de series chronologiques des methodes d Automutilation au sri lanka de los pesiticidas a los farmacos analisis de ser
Bulletin of The World Health Organization, 2012Co-Authors: Varuni De Silva, S M Senanayake, P Dias, Raveen HanwellaAbstract:Introduction Although adoption of new modes of self-harm by a population does not occur often, when it does happen it can have an impact on the incidence of suicide in that population (in this article we use the word suicide only to mean death by self-harm, excluding failed attempts at fatal self-harm). Many such changes result from reduced access to a means of suicide. (1) In the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, for example, the removal of carbon monoxide from the gas supply was associated with a reduction in the overall suicide rate. (2) Introduction of catalytic converters, which reduced the amount of carbon monoxide emitted by car exhausts, was also associated with a fall in the overall incidence of suicide. (3) Sri Lanka is a developing country that once recorded very high suicide rates. During the period from 1985 to 1989, for example, the national suicide rate for males was the second highest in the world. (4) Before 1960, hanging was the commonest method of suicide in Sri Lanka. In the 1960s, 75% of all suicides by poisoning were caused by ingestion of acetic acid, which was used in rubber processing. (5) The national incidence of suicide rose rapidly between 1970 and 1995 and peaked at 47.0 suicides per 100 000 population in 1995. (6) This increase, which was mainly attributable to pesticide-related deaths, coincided with the increasing pesticide imports that followed the adoption of open economic policies in 1977. Since 1995 the incidence of suicide has gradually declined in Sri Lanka, (7) although this encouraging trend has gone almost unnoticed. Globally, most suicides in low- and middle-income countries are caused by pesticide poisoning. (8) It is estimated that 300 000 people die annually in Asia from pesticide ingestion. (9) The general means of self-poisoning is very different in high-income countries, where analgesics, tranquillizers and other medicinal drugs are commonly used in overdose. (10) Compared with pesticides, many such drugs are relatively non-toxic. (8) The much higher case fatality rate (CFR) from pesticide poisoning (compared with that of medicinal drug overdose) is a major contributor to deaths from suicide in developing countries. (11,12) In the absence of any restriction on the availability of the methods previously used, method substitution in self-harm (i.e. the abandonment of one common method of self-harm and its substitution with another method) has not been widely reported. Although, as in many developing countries, pesticide poisoning is a major cause of death in Sri Lanka, (8,13) medicinal drugs were found to be the commonest substances used by the self-poisoning patients investigated at a tertiary care hospital in the city of Colombo in 2007. (14) We set out to investigate recent changes in the methods of self-harm in Sri Lanka--particularly the changes in the methods employed by people attempting suicide--and to explore if such changes could explain the substantial decline in suicide rates. Methods Data were collected for the period from 1995 to 2009. Data from the records of the Sri Lanka police force were used to calculate annual incidence rates of suicide. As a coroner's inquest is conducted into every unnatural death in Sri Lanka, the police records on suicides were viewed as comprehensive. The data collected were for suicide by any method, suicide by poisoning and suicide by any method other than poisoning. Until the year 2002, when a new coding category was introduced, the cause of large numbers of unnatural deaths was simply classified as "other means" Since the results of previous studies indicate that most such deaths by "other means" were the result of poisoning, (6,15) they were all attributed to poisoning in the present analysis. Annual health statistics from the national ministry of health were used as the source of data on poisoning-related hospital admissions. Estimated mid-year populations for Sri Lanka were used to convert the collected data to annual incidence rates, which throughout this paper are given as the numbers of suicides or admissions for poisonings per 100 000 population. …
Varuni De Silva - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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from pesticides to medicinal drugs time series analyses of methods of self harm in sri lanka des pesticides aux medicaments analyses de series chronologiques des methodes d Automutilation au sri lanka de los pesiticidas a los farmacos analisis de ser
Bulletin of The World Health Organization, 2012Co-Authors: Varuni De Silva, S M Senanayake, P Dias, Raveen HanwellaAbstract:Introduction Although adoption of new modes of self-harm by a population does not occur often, when it does happen it can have an impact on the incidence of suicide in that population (in this article we use the word suicide only to mean death by self-harm, excluding failed attempts at fatal self-harm). Many such changes result from reduced access to a means of suicide. (1) In the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, for example, the removal of carbon monoxide from the gas supply was associated with a reduction in the overall suicide rate. (2) Introduction of catalytic converters, which reduced the amount of carbon monoxide emitted by car exhausts, was also associated with a fall in the overall incidence of suicide. (3) Sri Lanka is a developing country that once recorded very high suicide rates. During the period from 1985 to 1989, for example, the national suicide rate for males was the second highest in the world. (4) Before 1960, hanging was the commonest method of suicide in Sri Lanka. In the 1960s, 75% of all suicides by poisoning were caused by ingestion of acetic acid, which was used in rubber processing. (5) The national incidence of suicide rose rapidly between 1970 and 1995 and peaked at 47.0 suicides per 100 000 population in 1995. (6) This increase, which was mainly attributable to pesticide-related deaths, coincided with the increasing pesticide imports that followed the adoption of open economic policies in 1977. Since 1995 the incidence of suicide has gradually declined in Sri Lanka, (7) although this encouraging trend has gone almost unnoticed. Globally, most suicides in low- and middle-income countries are caused by pesticide poisoning. (8) It is estimated that 300 000 people die annually in Asia from pesticide ingestion. (9) The general means of self-poisoning is very different in high-income countries, where analgesics, tranquillizers and other medicinal drugs are commonly used in overdose. (10) Compared with pesticides, many such drugs are relatively non-toxic. (8) The much higher case fatality rate (CFR) from pesticide poisoning (compared with that of medicinal drug overdose) is a major contributor to deaths from suicide in developing countries. (11,12) In the absence of any restriction on the availability of the methods previously used, method substitution in self-harm (i.e. the abandonment of one common method of self-harm and its substitution with another method) has not been widely reported. Although, as in many developing countries, pesticide poisoning is a major cause of death in Sri Lanka, (8,13) medicinal drugs were found to be the commonest substances used by the self-poisoning patients investigated at a tertiary care hospital in the city of Colombo in 2007. (14) We set out to investigate recent changes in the methods of self-harm in Sri Lanka--particularly the changes in the methods employed by people attempting suicide--and to explore if such changes could explain the substantial decline in suicide rates. Methods Data were collected for the period from 1995 to 2009. Data from the records of the Sri Lanka police force were used to calculate annual incidence rates of suicide. As a coroner's inquest is conducted into every unnatural death in Sri Lanka, the police records on suicides were viewed as comprehensive. The data collected were for suicide by any method, suicide by poisoning and suicide by any method other than poisoning. Until the year 2002, when a new coding category was introduced, the cause of large numbers of unnatural deaths was simply classified as "other means" Since the results of previous studies indicate that most such deaths by "other means" were the result of poisoning, (6,15) they were all attributed to poisoning in the present analysis. Annual health statistics from the national ministry of health were used as the source of data on poisoning-related hospital admissions. Estimated mid-year populations for Sri Lanka were used to convert the collected data to annual incidence rates, which throughout this paper are given as the numbers of suicides or admissions for poisonings per 100 000 population. …
Paola Carbone - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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de l Automutilation a la somatisation
Adolescence, 1999Co-Authors: Paola CarboneAbstract:L’auteur cherche a propos des histoires assez symetriques d’Anne et de Claire, a mettre en evidence le role central de l’experience somatique et a montrer deux modalites opposees d’attaque du corps. L’Automutilation chez la premiere peut etre consideree comme une tentative extreme pour chercher a realiser l’integration psychosomatique perdue. Le cas de la seconde, apparemment beaucoup moins grave, dans le choix meme du dommage qu’elle s’inflige (une amenorrhee), nous parle d’un corps perdu, corps enveloppe, radicalement desinvesti, auquel la jeune fille semble avoir irrevocablement renonce. Il s’agit d’un echec du projet d’evolution dans lequel le symptome depasse l’experience de l’adolescence pour penetrer jusqu’aux fondements biologiques de la puberte.
P Dias - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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from pesticides to medicinal drugs time series analyses of methods of self harm in sri lanka des pesticides aux medicaments analyses de series chronologiques des methodes d Automutilation au sri lanka de los pesiticidas a los farmacos analisis de ser
Bulletin of The World Health Organization, 2012Co-Authors: Varuni De Silva, S M Senanayake, P Dias, Raveen HanwellaAbstract:Introduction Although adoption of new modes of self-harm by a population does not occur often, when it does happen it can have an impact on the incidence of suicide in that population (in this article we use the word suicide only to mean death by self-harm, excluding failed attempts at fatal self-harm). Many such changes result from reduced access to a means of suicide. (1) In the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, for example, the removal of carbon monoxide from the gas supply was associated with a reduction in the overall suicide rate. (2) Introduction of catalytic converters, which reduced the amount of carbon monoxide emitted by car exhausts, was also associated with a fall in the overall incidence of suicide. (3) Sri Lanka is a developing country that once recorded very high suicide rates. During the period from 1985 to 1989, for example, the national suicide rate for males was the second highest in the world. (4) Before 1960, hanging was the commonest method of suicide in Sri Lanka. In the 1960s, 75% of all suicides by poisoning were caused by ingestion of acetic acid, which was used in rubber processing. (5) The national incidence of suicide rose rapidly between 1970 and 1995 and peaked at 47.0 suicides per 100 000 population in 1995. (6) This increase, which was mainly attributable to pesticide-related deaths, coincided with the increasing pesticide imports that followed the adoption of open economic policies in 1977. Since 1995 the incidence of suicide has gradually declined in Sri Lanka, (7) although this encouraging trend has gone almost unnoticed. Globally, most suicides in low- and middle-income countries are caused by pesticide poisoning. (8) It is estimated that 300 000 people die annually in Asia from pesticide ingestion. (9) The general means of self-poisoning is very different in high-income countries, where analgesics, tranquillizers and other medicinal drugs are commonly used in overdose. (10) Compared with pesticides, many such drugs are relatively non-toxic. (8) The much higher case fatality rate (CFR) from pesticide poisoning (compared with that of medicinal drug overdose) is a major contributor to deaths from suicide in developing countries. (11,12) In the absence of any restriction on the availability of the methods previously used, method substitution in self-harm (i.e. the abandonment of one common method of self-harm and its substitution with another method) has not been widely reported. Although, as in many developing countries, pesticide poisoning is a major cause of death in Sri Lanka, (8,13) medicinal drugs were found to be the commonest substances used by the self-poisoning patients investigated at a tertiary care hospital in the city of Colombo in 2007. (14) We set out to investigate recent changes in the methods of self-harm in Sri Lanka--particularly the changes in the methods employed by people attempting suicide--and to explore if such changes could explain the substantial decline in suicide rates. Methods Data were collected for the period from 1995 to 2009. Data from the records of the Sri Lanka police force were used to calculate annual incidence rates of suicide. As a coroner's inquest is conducted into every unnatural death in Sri Lanka, the police records on suicides were viewed as comprehensive. The data collected were for suicide by any method, suicide by poisoning and suicide by any method other than poisoning. Until the year 2002, when a new coding category was introduced, the cause of large numbers of unnatural deaths was simply classified as "other means" Since the results of previous studies indicate that most such deaths by "other means" were the result of poisoning, (6,15) they were all attributed to poisoning in the present analysis. Annual health statistics from the national ministry of health were used as the source of data on poisoning-related hospital admissions. Estimated mid-year populations for Sri Lanka were used to convert the collected data to annual incidence rates, which throughout this paper are given as the numbers of suicides or admissions for poisonings per 100 000 population. …
