The Experts below are selected from a list of 31335 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Michael P. Ward - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Identifying spatio-temporal patterns of transboundary disease spread: examples using Avian Influenza H5N1 outbreaks
Veterinary Research, 2009Co-Authors: Matthew L. Farnsworth, Michael P. WardAbstract:Characterizing spatio-temporal patterns among epidemics in which the mechanism of spread is uncertain is important for generating disease spread hypotheses, which may in turn inform disease control and prevention strategies. Using a dataset representing three phases of highly pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 outbreaks in village poultry in Romania, 2005� 2006, spatio- temporal patterns were characterized. We first fit a set of hierarchical Bayesian models that quantified changes in the spatio-temporal relative risk for each of the 23 affected counties. We then modeled spatial synchrony in each of the three epidemic phases using non-parametric covariance functions and Thin Plate Spline regression models. We found clear differences in the spatio-temporal patterns among the epidemic phases (local versus regional correlated processes), which may indicate differing spread mechanisms (for example wild bird versus human-mediated). Elucidating these patterns allowed us to postulate that a shift in the primary mechanism of disease spread may have taken place between the second and third phases of this epidemic. Information generated by such analyses could assist affected countries in determining the most appropriate control programs to implement, and to allocate appropriate resources to preventing contact between domestic poultry and wild birds versus enforcing bans on poultry movements and quarantine. The methods used in this study could be applied in many different situations to analyze transboundary disease data in which only location and time of occurrence data are reported. disease spread / spatio-temporal analysis / epidemic pattern / Avian Influenza / poultry
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Identifying spatio-temporal patterns of transboundary disease spread: examples using Avian Influenza H5N1 outbreaks
Veterinary Research, 2009Co-Authors: Matthew L. Farnsworth, Michael P. WardAbstract:Characterizing spatio-temporal patterns among epidemics in which the mechanism of spread is uncertain is important for generating disease spread hypotheses, which may in turn inform disease control and prevention strategies. Using a dataset representing three phases of highly pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 outbreaks in village poultry in Romania, 2005-2006, spatio-temporal patterns were characterized. We first fit a set of hierarchical Bayesian models that quantified changes in the spatio-temporal relative risk for each of the 23 affected counties. We then modeled spatial synchrony in each of the three epidemic phases using non-parametric covariance functions and Thin Plate Spline regression models. We found clear differences in the spatio-temporal patterns among the epidemic phases (local versus regional correlated processes), which may indicate differing spread mechanisms (for example wild bird versus human-mediated). Elucidating these patterns allowed us to postulate that a shift in the primary mechanism of disease spread may have taken place between the second and third phases of this epidemic. Information generated by such analyses could assist affected countries in determining the most appropriate control programs to implement, and to allocate appropriate resources to preventing contact between domestic poultry and wild birds versus enforcing bans on poultry movements and quarantine. The methods used in this study could be applied in many different situations to analyze transboundary disease data in which only location and time of occurrence data are reported.
Matthew L. Farnsworth - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Identifying spatio-temporal patterns of transboundary disease spread: examples using Avian Influenza H5N1 outbreaks
Veterinary Research, 2009Co-Authors: Matthew L. Farnsworth, Michael P. WardAbstract:Characterizing spatio-temporal patterns among epidemics in which the mechanism of spread is uncertain is important for generating disease spread hypotheses, which may in turn inform disease control and prevention strategies. Using a dataset representing three phases of highly pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 outbreaks in village poultry in Romania, 2005� 2006, spatio- temporal patterns were characterized. We first fit a set of hierarchical Bayesian models that quantified changes in the spatio-temporal relative risk for each of the 23 affected counties. We then modeled spatial synchrony in each of the three epidemic phases using non-parametric covariance functions and Thin Plate Spline regression models. We found clear differences in the spatio-temporal patterns among the epidemic phases (local versus regional correlated processes), which may indicate differing spread mechanisms (for example wild bird versus human-mediated). Elucidating these patterns allowed us to postulate that a shift in the primary mechanism of disease spread may have taken place between the second and third phases of this epidemic. Information generated by such analyses could assist affected countries in determining the most appropriate control programs to implement, and to allocate appropriate resources to preventing contact between domestic poultry and wild birds versus enforcing bans on poultry movements and quarantine. The methods used in this study could be applied in many different situations to analyze transboundary disease data in which only location and time of occurrence data are reported. disease spread / spatio-temporal analysis / epidemic pattern / Avian Influenza / poultry
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Identifying spatio-temporal patterns of transboundary disease spread: examples using Avian Influenza H5N1 outbreaks
Veterinary Research, 2009Co-Authors: Matthew L. Farnsworth, Michael P. WardAbstract:Characterizing spatio-temporal patterns among epidemics in which the mechanism of spread is uncertain is important for generating disease spread hypotheses, which may in turn inform disease control and prevention strategies. Using a dataset representing three phases of highly pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 outbreaks in village poultry in Romania, 2005-2006, spatio-temporal patterns were characterized. We first fit a set of hierarchical Bayesian models that quantified changes in the spatio-temporal relative risk for each of the 23 affected counties. We then modeled spatial synchrony in each of the three epidemic phases using non-parametric covariance functions and Thin Plate Spline regression models. We found clear differences in the spatio-temporal patterns among the epidemic phases (local versus regional correlated processes), which may indicate differing spread mechanisms (for example wild bird versus human-mediated). Elucidating these patterns allowed us to postulate that a shift in the primary mechanism of disease spread may have taken place between the second and third phases of this epidemic. Information generated by such analyses could assist affected countries in determining the most appropriate control programs to implement, and to allocate appropriate resources to preventing contact between domestic poultry and wild birds versus enforcing bans on poultry movements and quarantine. The methods used in this study could be applied in many different situations to analyze transboundary disease data in which only location and time of occurrence data are reported.
James V. Rogers - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Articles Effect of Drying and Exposure to Vaporous Hydrogen Peroxide on the Inactivation of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (H5N1) on Non-porous Surfaces
2013Co-Authors: James V. Rogers, Young W. Choi, William R. RichteAbstract:This study demonstrated the combined effect of drying and vaporous hydrogen peroxide exposure on inactivating highly pathogenic Avian Influenza (H5N1) on the non-porous materials glass, Hypalon ® rubber glove, and stainless steel. Approximately 7.7 log10 TCID50 (median 50 % tissue culture infectious dose)/mL of A/Vietnam/1203/2004 H5N1 in allantoic fluid was dried on coupons of each type of test surface and exposed to vaporous hydrogen peroxide fumigation within a ~15 m 3 chamber. A significant reduction in the total log10 TCID50 of H5N1 on all test materials was observed between the controls evaluated after a 1-hour drying time and unexposed controls evaluated after decontamination. The H5N1 exhibited a 2-3 log decrease in viability, and vaporous hydrogen peroxide further inactivated the virus to below detectable levels. In parallel, Geobacillus stearothermophilus biological indicators exposed to vaporous hydrogen peroxide exhibited no growth after 1 and 7 days ’ incubation. This study provides information on the persistence in viability of H5N1 on non-porous surfaces that can be mitigated by vaporous hydrogen peroxide fumigation of a large chamber
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Effect of Drying and Exposure to Vaporous Hydrogen Peroxide on the Inactivation of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (H5N1) on Non-porous Surfaces:
Applied Biosafety, 2011Co-Authors: James V. Rogers, Young W. Choi, William R. RichterAbstract:This study demonstrated the combined effect of drying and vaporous hydrogen peroxide exposure on inactivating highly pathogenic Avian Influenza (H5N1) on the non-porous materials glass, Hypalon® ru...
Iain Stephenson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cross reactivity to highly pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 viruses after vaccination with nonadjuvanted and mf59 adjuvanted Influenza a duck singapore 97 h5n3 vaccine a potential priming strategy
The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2005Co-Authors: Iain Stephenson, Roberto Bugarini, Karl G Nicholson, Audino Podda, John Wood, Maria Zambon, Jacqueline M. KatzAbstract:Antigenically well-matched vaccines against highly pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 viruses are urgently required. Human serum samples after immunization with MF59 or nonadjuvanted A/duck/Singapore/97 (H5N3) vaccine were tested for antibody to 1997-2004 human H5N1 viruses. Antibody responses to 3 doses of nonadjuvanted vaccine were poor and were higher after MF59-adjuvanted vaccine, with seroconversion rates to A/HongKong/156/97, A/HongKong/213/03, A/Thailand/16/04, and A/Vietnam/1203/04 of 100% (P<.0001), 100% (P<.0001), 71% (P =.0004), and 43% (P =.0128) in 14 subjects, respectively, compared with 27%, 27%, 0%, and 0% in 11 who received nonadjuvanted vaccine. These findings have implications for the rational design of pandemic vaccines against Influenza H5.
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Seroprevalence of Anti-H5 Antibody among Thai Health Care Workers after Exposure to Avian Influenza (H5N1) in a Tertiary Care Center
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2005Co-Authors: Anucha Apisarnthanarak, Malinee Chittaganpitch, Steven M. Erb, Iain Stephenson, Jacqueline M. Katz, Somchai Sangkitporn, Rungruang Kitphati, Pranee Thawatsupha, Sunthareeya Waicharoen, Uayporn PinitchaiAbstract:After the initial atypical presentation of a patient with Avian Influenza (H5N1) infection, paired acute-phase and convalescent-phase serum samples obtained from 25 health care workers (HCWs) who were exposed to the patient were compared with paired serum samples obtained from 24 HCWs who worked at different units in the same hospital and were not exposed to the patient. There was no serologic evidence of anti-H5 antibody reactivity or subclinical infection in either of the groups.
William R. Richte - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Articles Effect of Drying and Exposure to Vaporous Hydrogen Peroxide on the Inactivation of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (H5N1) on Non-porous Surfaces
2013Co-Authors: James V. Rogers, Young W. Choi, William R. RichteAbstract:This study demonstrated the combined effect of drying and vaporous hydrogen peroxide exposure on inactivating highly pathogenic Avian Influenza (H5N1) on the non-porous materials glass, Hypalon ® rubber glove, and stainless steel. Approximately 7.7 log10 TCID50 (median 50 % tissue culture infectious dose)/mL of A/Vietnam/1203/2004 H5N1 in allantoic fluid was dried on coupons of each type of test surface and exposed to vaporous hydrogen peroxide fumigation within a ~15 m 3 chamber. A significant reduction in the total log10 TCID50 of H5N1 on all test materials was observed between the controls evaluated after a 1-hour drying time and unexposed controls evaluated after decontamination. The H5N1 exhibited a 2-3 log decrease in viability, and vaporous hydrogen peroxide further inactivated the virus to below detectable levels. In parallel, Geobacillus stearothermophilus biological indicators exposed to vaporous hydrogen peroxide exhibited no growth after 1 and 7 days ’ incubation. This study provides information on the persistence in viability of H5N1 on non-porous surfaces that can be mitigated by vaporous hydrogen peroxide fumigation of a large chamber
