The Experts below are selected from a list of 1695 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Thomas G. Weiser - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Impact of Surgical Lighting on Intraoperative Safety in Low-Resource Settings: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Surgical Providers
World Journal of Surgery, 2017Co-Authors: Jared A. Forrester, Nicholas J. Boyd, J. Edward F. Fitzgerald, Iain H. Wilson, Abebe Bekele, Thomas G. WeiserAbstract:Background Safe surgery requires high-quality, reliable lighting of the surgical field. Little is reported on the quality or potential safety impact of surgical lighting in low-resource settings, where power failures are common and equipment and resources are limited. Methods Members of the Lifebox Foundation created a novel, non-mandatory, 18-item survey tool using an iterative process. This was distributed to surgical providers practicing in low-resource settings through surgical societies and mailing lists. Results We received 100 complete responses, representing a range of surgical centres from 39 countries. Poor-quality surgical field lighting was reported by 40% of respondents, with 32% reporting delayed or cancelled operations due to poor lighting and 48% reporting electrical power failures at least once per week. Eighty per cent reported the quality of their surgical lighting presents a patient safety risk with 18% having direct experience of poor-quality lighting leading to negative patient outcomes. When power outages occur, 58% of surgeons rely on a Backup Generator and 29% operate by mobile phone light. Only 9% of respondents regularly use a surgical headlight, with the most common barriers reported as unaffordability and poor in-country suppliers. Conclusions In our survey of surgeons working in low-resource settings, a majority report poor surgical lighting as a major risk to patient safety and nearly one-third report delayed or cancelled operations due to poor lighting. Developing and distributing robust, affordable, high-quality surgical headlights could provide an ideal solution to this significant surgical safety issue.
Maryam A.hejazi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A Comparative Study between Traditional Backup Generator Systems and Renewable Energy Based Microgrids for Power Resilience Enhancement of a Local Clinic
Electronics, 2019Co-Authors: Jamal Faraji, Masoud Babaei, Navid Bayati, Maryam A.hejaziAbstract:Extreme weather events lead to electrical network failures, damages, and long-lasting blackouts. Therefore, enhancement of the resiliency of electrical systems during emergency situations is essential. By using the concept of standby redundancy, this paper proposes two different energy systems for increasing load resiliency during a random blackout. The main contribution of this paper is the techno-economic and environmental comparison of two different resilient energy systems. The first energy system utilizes a typical traditional Generator (TG) as a standby component for providing electricity during the blackouts and the second energy system is a grid-connected microgrid consisting of photovoltaic (PV) and battery energy storage (BES) as a standby component. Sensitivity analyses are conducted to investigate the survivability of both energy systems during the blackouts. The objective function minimizes total net present cost (NPC) and cost of energy (COE) by considering the defined constraints of the system for increasing the resiliency. Simulations are performed by HOMER, and results show that for having almost the same resilience enhancement in both systems, the second system, which is a grid-connected microgrid, indicates lower NPC and COE compared to the first system. More comparison details are shown in this paper to highlight the effectiveness and weakness of each resilient energy system.
Daniela Hoshino - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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environmental and social management plan for the proposed construction of an Ebola virus diseases treatment centre at Mzuzu central hospital
2016Co-Authors: Daniela HoshinoAbstract:The development objective of Nutrition, HIV and AIDS Project in Malawi is implementing Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) preparedness activities which include infection control interventions, particularly provision and use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPEs); and construction of EVD quarantine or treatment centres. Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: (i) noise and vibrations disturbances are expected from metal fabrication activities and other machinery; (ii) solid waste will be generated at the site during construction; (iii) construction of the treatment centre will require cement, sand and concrete; (iv) lead is commonly absorbed into the body by inhalation from use of and or scrapping of lead-based products like paint and when workers breathe in lead as a dust, fume, or mist, their lungs and upper respiratory tract absorb it into the body; (v) construction activities will likely lead to generation of dust, which can reach the people on walking along the M1 road of those doing agriculture work in fields adjacent to the worksite; (vi) the project is currently used for agriculture by people from various places in Blantyre, therefore there will be loss of access to agricultural land by those that are cultivating it; (vii) ground water pollution may occur where the wastes seep into the ground; (viii) the general public and animals may also be exposed to risks of falling into open trenches, especially outside the contractor’s working hours; (viii) improper disposal of human and domestic waste can be a source of diseases and infection; (ix) prostitutes and construction workers infected with STI or HIV and AIDS could interact; (x) EVD is a highly infectious disease and causes fear of being infected among health workers and the general public; (xi) air pollution is expected from smoke from incinerators to be used for destruction of medical wastes; (xii) the EVD treatment centre will use a septic tank and a soak-pit, which can also be a source of water pollution; (xiii) the roof of the EVD treatment centre will serve as a water collector, thereby increasing run-off around the centre, which may also lead to erosion of the banks of the stream, affect aquatic life and increase sedimentation in the Mtabi stream; (xiv) exposure to highly infectious waste, especially by the waste handlers the incinerators operators; (xv) EVD Centre location is far away from the existing health facilities and this may create resentment in relation to daily travelling and cost to the work site; (xvi) the EVD treatment centre is being constructed at an isolated site with low security; (xvii) additional investment will need to be made on a water reservoir tank and Backup Generator; (xviii) trespassing at the EVD treatment centre by local communities; and (xix) impacts during decommissioning entails closure of the facilities and services.
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Environmental and social management plan for the proposed construction of an Ebola virus diseases treatment centre at Kamuzu central hospital
2016Co-Authors: Daniela HoshinoAbstract:The development objective of Nutrition, HIV and AIDS Project in Malawi is implementing Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) preparedness activities which include infection control interventions, particularly provision and use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPEs); and construction of EVD quarantine or treatment centres. Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: (i) noise and vibrations disturbances are expected from metal fabrication activities and other machinery; (ii) solid waste will be generated at the site during construction; (iii) construction of the treatment centre will require cement, sand and concrete; (iv) lead is commonly absorbed into the body by inhalation from use of and or scrapping of lead-based products like paint and when workers breathe in lead as a dust, fume, or mist, their lungs and upper respiratory tract absorb it into the body; (v) construction activities will likely lead to generation of dust, which can reach the people on walking along the M1 road of those doing agriculture work in fields adjacent to the worksite; (vi) the project is currently used for agriculture by people from various places in Blantyre, therefore there will be loss of access to agricultural land by those that are cultivating it; (vii) ground water pollution may occur where the wastes seep into the ground; (viii) the general public and animals may also be exposed to risks of falling into open trenches, especially outside the contractor’s working hours; (viii) improper disposal of human and domestic waste can be a source of diseases and infection; (ix) prostitutes and construction workers infected with STI or HIV and AIDS could interact; (x) EVD is a highly infectious disease and causes fear of being infected among health workers and the general public; (xi) air pollution is expected from smoke from incinerators to be used for destruction of medical wastes; (xii) the EVD treatment centre will use a septic tank and a soak-pit, which can also be a source of water pollution; (xiii) the roof of the EVD treatment centre will serve as a water collector, thereby increasing run-off around the centre, which may also lead to erosion of the banks of the stream, affect aquatic life and increase sedimentation in the Mtabi stream; (xiv) exposure to highly infectious waste, especially by the waste handlers the incinerators operators; (xv) EVD Centre location is far away from the existing health facilities and this may create resentment in relation to daily travelling and cost to the work site; (xvi) the EVD treatment centre is being constructed at an isolated site with low security; (xvii) additional investment will need to be made on a water reservoir tank and Backup Generator; (xviii) trespassing at the EVD treatment centre by local communities; and (xix) impacts during decommissioning entails closure of the facilities and services.
Jared A. Forrester - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Impact of Surgical Lighting on Intraoperative Safety in Low-Resource Settings: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Surgical Providers
World Journal of Surgery, 2017Co-Authors: Jared A. Forrester, Nicholas J. Boyd, J. Edward F. Fitzgerald, Iain H. Wilson, Abebe Bekele, Thomas G. WeiserAbstract:Background Safe surgery requires high-quality, reliable lighting of the surgical field. Little is reported on the quality or potential safety impact of surgical lighting in low-resource settings, where power failures are common and equipment and resources are limited. Methods Members of the Lifebox Foundation created a novel, non-mandatory, 18-item survey tool using an iterative process. This was distributed to surgical providers practicing in low-resource settings through surgical societies and mailing lists. Results We received 100 complete responses, representing a range of surgical centres from 39 countries. Poor-quality surgical field lighting was reported by 40% of respondents, with 32% reporting delayed or cancelled operations due to poor lighting and 48% reporting electrical power failures at least once per week. Eighty per cent reported the quality of their surgical lighting presents a patient safety risk with 18% having direct experience of poor-quality lighting leading to negative patient outcomes. When power outages occur, 58% of surgeons rely on a Backup Generator and 29% operate by mobile phone light. Only 9% of respondents regularly use a surgical headlight, with the most common barriers reported as unaffordability and poor in-country suppliers. Conclusions In our survey of surgeons working in low-resource settings, a majority report poor surgical lighting as a major risk to patient safety and nearly one-third report delayed or cancelled operations due to poor lighting. Developing and distributing robust, affordable, high-quality surgical headlights could provide an ideal solution to this significant surgical safety issue.
Jamal Faraji - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A Comparative Study between Traditional Backup Generator Systems and Renewable Energy Based Microgrids for Power Resilience Enhancement of a Local Clinic
Electronics, 2019Co-Authors: Jamal Faraji, Masoud Babaei, Navid Bayati, Maryam A.hejaziAbstract:Extreme weather events lead to electrical network failures, damages, and long-lasting blackouts. Therefore, enhancement of the resiliency of electrical systems during emergency situations is essential. By using the concept of standby redundancy, this paper proposes two different energy systems for increasing load resiliency during a random blackout. The main contribution of this paper is the techno-economic and environmental comparison of two different resilient energy systems. The first energy system utilizes a typical traditional Generator (TG) as a standby component for providing electricity during the blackouts and the second energy system is a grid-connected microgrid consisting of photovoltaic (PV) and battery energy storage (BES) as a standby component. Sensitivity analyses are conducted to investigate the survivability of both energy systems during the blackouts. The objective function minimizes total net present cost (NPC) and cost of energy (COE) by considering the defined constraints of the system for increasing the resiliency. Simulations are performed by HOMER, and results show that for having almost the same resilience enhancement in both systems, the second system, which is a grid-connected microgrid, indicates lower NPC and COE compared to the first system. More comparison details are shown in this paper to highlight the effectiveness and weakness of each resilient energy system.
