The Experts below are selected from a list of 213 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Arthur A Callaghan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • survival of conidiobolus spp and Basidiobolus ranarum in relation to relative humidity and temperature
    Fungal Ecology, 2010
    Co-Authors: Ian J Hopkins, Arthur A Callaghan
    Abstract:

    Abstract Survival of saprotrophs and opportunistic pathogens of arthropods was studied in 8 Conidiobolus spp. and in Basidiobolus ranarum. Response to brief adverse relative humidity (RH  90 d. Conidia of C. osmodes and B. ranarum survived best at 2 °C; for other species 10 °C was optimal. For samples buried in a Larix plantation, primary conidia survived 28 d for C. adiaeretus (>81 d for its secondary conidia and microconidia) and 338 d for (B. ranarum). Retrieved mycelium (including resting spores) for all species, renewed growth after at least 81 d. Implications for niche differentiation and trophic modes are discussed.

  • pathogenicity of conidiobolus spp and Basidiobolus ranarum to arthropods co occurring in leaf litter
    Fungal Ecology, 2008
    Co-Authors: Robert J. Manning, Arthur A Callaghan
    Abstract:

    Abstract A novel method is described for the extraction and presentation of mixed arthropods from litter as targets for potentially pathogenic species of Conidiobolus and Basidiobolus (Zygomycetes: Entomophthorales). All arthropods and test fungi (except C. nr. pumilus from broad leaf litter) were from the same larch (Larix) plantation. For 8 fungus species a bioassay (and repeat), were followed by survivorship comparison tests; Breslow, Logrank (Mantel-Heinszel/Peto) and Wilcoxon (Gehan/Lee-Desau). These were applied to test and control data separately for collembola and mites. Kaplan-Meier plots of Hazard Function were made. Of possible pathogenic effects the most marked was the high mortality of collembola and mites when showered with conidia of C. coronatus. Conidiobolus thromboides (collembola and mites) and C. osmodes (mites only) were associated with enhanced death in one of their two bioassays. Of the other 5 test species, C. adiaeretus and C. iuxtagenitus gave no indication of pathogenicity; nor did C. lamprauges, C. heterosporus and C. pumilus. Ecological implications are briefly discussed.

H.c. Gugnani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • A review of zygomycosis due to Basidiobolus ranarum.
    European journal of epidemiology, 1999
    Co-Authors: H.c. Gugnani
    Abstract:

    Zygomycosis due to Basidiobolus ranarum (entomophthoromycosis basidiobolae, subcutaneous zygomycosis, subcutaneous phycomycosis, basidiobolomycosis) is a granulomatous infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissues characterized by the formation of fluctuant firm and non-tender swellings, generally on the extremities, trunk and rarely other parts of the body. The causative agent is common in soil, decaying vegetable matter, and the gastrointestinal tracts of amphibians, reptiles, fish and bats. It is presumed that infection is acquired through exposure to B. ranarum following minor trauma to skin or insect bites. The disease usually occurs in children, less often in adolescents and rarely in adults. Males are much more frequently affected than females. Laboratory diagnosis is based on histopathology and culture. The typical histopathological feature is the presence of thin-walled, broad often aseptate hyphae or hyphal fragments with an eosinophilic sheath, frequently phagocytized within giant cells. Basidiobolus ranarum is known to produce several enzymes, e.g. lipase and protease that probably play roles in the pathogenesis of infections caused by this mould. An immunological test has been developed for specific diagnosis of the disease. Though potassium iodide (KI) has been the traditional drug employed in the treatment of infections by B. ranarum, several other drugs, viz amphotericin B, cotrimoxazole, ketoconazole, itraconazole and fluconazole have been successfully tried.

Bita Geramizadeh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Gastrointestinal Basidiobolomycosis, a Rare and Under-diagnosed Fungal Infection in Immunocompetent Hosts: A Review Article
    Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 2015
    Co-Authors: Bita Geramizadeh, Mina Heidari, Golsa Shekarkhar
    Abstract:

    Gastrointestinal Basidiobolomycosis (GIB) is an unusual, rare, but emerging fungal infection in the stomach, small intestine, colon, and liver. It has been rarely reported in the English literature and most of the reported cases have been from US, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and Iran. In the last five years, 17 cases have been reported from one or two provinces in Iran, and it seems that it has been undiagnosed or probably unnoticed in other parts of the country. In this review, we explored the English literature from 1964 through 2013 via PubMed, Google, and Google scholar using the following search keywords: 1) Basidiobolomycosis 2) Basidiobolus ranarum 3) Gastrointestinal Basidiobolomycosis In this review, we attempted to collect all clinical, pathological, and radiological findings of the presenting patients; complemented with previous experiences regarding the treatment and prognosis of the GIB. Since 1964, only 71 cases have been reported, which will be fully described in terms of clinical presentations, methods of diagnosis and treatment as well as prognosis and follow up

  • Gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis, an emerging infection in the immunocompetent host: a report of 14 patients.
    Journal of Medical Microbiology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Bita Geramizadeh, Razieh Foroughi, Marzieh Keshtkar-jahromi, Seyed Ali Malek-hosseini, Abdolvahab Alborzi
    Abstract:

    Zygomycosis is characterized by tissue invasion with broad, non-septate hyphae of species such as Rhizopus, Rhizomucor, Lichtheimia (Absidia) and Basidiobolus. Basidiobolus ranarum usually causes subcutaneous infection, and gastrointestinal manifestations in immunocompetent patients have rarely been reported. It is difficult to diagnose gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis because of the non-specific clinical presentation and the absence of a definite risk factor. This study identified 14 cases of gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis, all of which were diagnosed after surgery by characteristic histopathological findings. Diagnosis of this disease requires a high index of suspicion in patients presenting with abdominal symptoms, fever, gastrointestinal mass and eosinophilia accompanied by a high erythrocyte sedimentation rate.

  • Gastrointestinal zygomycosis: a report of three cases
    Mycopathologia, 2007
    Co-Authors: Bita Geramizadeh, Mehra Modjalal, Shahrbanoo Nabai, Abbas Banani, Hamid Reza Forootan, Farzad Hooshdaran, Esmail Sadeghee, Abdolvahab Alborzee
    Abstract:

    Three cases of gastrointestinal zygomycosis, probably caused by Basidiobolus ranarum , are described. The diagnosis was based on morphology of the fungal elements in infected tissues and histopathologic findings. All the three patients responded favorably to management strategy that included surgical resection of the infected portion of the bowel and institution of specific antifungal therapy.

Dhyaneshwari P. Ghadage - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Tropical Medicine
    2013
    Co-Authors: Sanjay D Deshmukh, Suresh Naik, Dilip P. P, Dhyaneshwari P. Ghadage
    Abstract:

    Copyright © 2010 Mani Anand et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Entomophthoromycosis is a rare entity. We hereby report a case of entomophthoromycosis in a three-year-old Asian child who presented with a painless, nontender, rapidly increasing large swelling on the thigh of six months duration, which was initially misdiagnosed as a soft tissue tumor and resected. The cause of misleading diagnosis was rapid growth of the lesion in a short duration of time, indicating the possibility of a tumor. Histopathological examination revealed an inflammatory lesion with aseptate fungal hyphae and the characteristic Splendore-Hoeppli phenomenon. Microbiological examination identified the fungus as Basidiobolus ranarum. Complete excision of the lesion followed by antifungal therapy was associated with complete recovery. Entomophthoromycosis should be considered early when children from endemic areas present with unusual, rapid-growing lesions of the subcutaneous region. In order to emphasize tumor-like presentation of zygomycosis, we are presenting this case. 1

  • Subcutaneous Zygomycosis Due to Basidiobolus ranarum: A Case Report from Maharastra, India
    Journal of tropical medicine, 2010
    Co-Authors: Mani Anand, Sanjay D Deshmukh, Dilip P Pande, Suresh Naik, Dhyaneshwari P. Ghadage
    Abstract:

    Entomophthoromycosis is a rare entity. We hereby report a case of entomophthoromycosis in a three-year-old Asian child who presented with a painless, nontender, rapidly increasing large swelling on the thigh of six months duration, which was initially misdiagnosed as a soft tissue tumor and resected. The cause of misleading diagnosis was rapid growth of the lesion in a short duration of time, indicating the possibility of a tumor. Histopathological examination revealed an inflammatory lesion with aseptate fungal hyphae and the characteristic Splendore-Hoeppli phenomenon. Microbiological examination identified the fungus as Basidiobolus ranarum. Complete excision of the lesion followed by antifungal therapy was associated with complete recovery. Entomophthoromycosis should be considered early when children from endemic areas present with unusual, rapid-growing lesions of the subcutaneous region. In order to emphasize tumor-like presentation of zygomycosis, we are presenting this case.

Naglaa M Kamal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis an emerging fungal infection causing bowel perforation in a child
    Journal of Medical Microbiology, 2011
    Co-Authors: Mortada Elshabrawi, Naglaa M Kamal, Riyadh Jouini, Abdullah Alharbi, Kerstin Voigt, Talal Almalki
    Abstract:

    Basidiobolomycosis is an unusual fungal skin infection that rarely involves the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. We report a 10-year-old boy diagnosed as suffering GI basidiobolomycosis after being misdiagnosed first as suffering intestinal malignancy then schistosomiasis. The patient presented with fever, abdominal pain, vomiting, abdominal tenderness and rigidity with marked blood eosinophilia. Abdominal ultrasonographic and computed tomographic scans revealed a large caecal mass. Biopsy of the mass showed transmural granulomatous inflammation interpreted as schistosomal granuloma, ruling out lymphoma. The patient’s condition deteriorated despite anti-schistosomal therapy. Emergency surgery was then performed, and caecal perforation was found. The mass was excised; cultures were negative and histopathological examination was suggestive of schistosomal granuloma. The mass recurred 3 weeks post-operatively. Second-opinion histopathological examination diagnosed Basidiobolus ranarum infection. Treatment with itraconazole produced marked improvement, with diminution of the mass. B. ranarum was unequivocally identified in the archival formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue by PCR. This case emphasizes the need to consider GI basidiobolomycosis in children presenting with fever, abdominal mass and eosinophilia, especially those complicated by bowel perforation.

  • gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis in children an overlooked emerging infection
    Journal of Medical Microbiology, 2011
    Co-Authors: Mortada Elshabrawi, Naglaa M Kamal
    Abstract:

    Basidiobolus ranarum is a known cause of chronic subcutaneous zygomycosis. During the past decade, many cases have been reported with extracutaneous basidiobolomycosis. We aimed to review the medical literature on gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis (GIB) as an emerging fungal infection causing a serious, and occasionally fatal, paediatric disease. We reviewed all reported cases of visceral basidiobolomycosis with special focus on the gastrointestinal involvement in children. Twenty-six cases of GIB have been reported worldwide, in 14 adults and 12 children. All cases presented with fever, abdominal pain with mass and high blood eosinophilia and were misdiagnosed as other chronic granulomatous diseases or malignancies. A few cases of retroperitoneal, pulmonary, nasal and disseminated basidiobolomycosis have also been reported. Basidiobolomycosis mostly affects young males as a subcutaneous infection. The visceral form of infection is rare. GIB has been scarcely reported in the medical literature, but recently it has been increasingly recognized. GIB poses diagnostic difficulties. Abdominal pain with mass and eosinophilia were present in all cases, highlighting the necessity of considering GIB in the differential diagnosis of this presentation. B. ranarum has been reported to cause disseminated fatal disease in both immune-competent and -compromised individuals. Culture is the gold standard for diagnosis, but the characteristic histopathological picture of chronic granulomas rich in eosinophils and the Splendore-Hoeppli phenomenon are the usual diagnostic tools. Surgery plus long courses of itraconazole treatment, up to 1 year, appear to be the best management options. GIB is an emerging infection that might lead to diagnostic confusion, morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion in the differential diagnosis of patients with fever, abdominal pain with mass and eosinophilia.