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Robert A Steer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • amount of general factor saturation in the Beck Anxiety Inventory responses of outpatients with Anxiety disorders
    Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 2009
    Co-Authors: Robert A Steer
    Abstract:

    To ascertain the amount of general factor saturation underlying the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI; Beck and Steer 1993) responses of anxious patients, the BAI was administered to 525 outpatients with DSM-IV-TR Anxiety disorders. McDonald’s omegahierarchical(ω h) (Zinbarg et al. 2005) was calculated to estimate the amount of general factor saturation; ω h is the amount of variance explained by a general (second-order) factor underlying a scale composed of multiple items divided by the total amount of variance explained by all of the scale’s items. An iterated principal-factor analysis was first performed and followed by a Schmid-Leiman transformation to determine the amount of variance explained by the second-order factor. ω h was 0.70 [95% CI 0.66–0.72], and this value was discussed as supporting the current practice of summing the 21 symptom ratings of the BAI to estimate the overall severity of self-reported Anxiety.

  • use of the Beck Anxiety Inventory with adolescent psychiatric outpatients
    Psychological Reports, 1995
    Co-Authors: Robert A Steer, William F. Ranieri, Geetha Kumar, Aaron T Beck
    Abstract:

    The Beck Anxiety Inventory was administered to 105 outpatients between 13 and 17 years old who were diagnosed with various types of psychiatric disorders. A principal factor analysis was performed, and two factors were found representing subjective and somatic symptoms of Anxiety. The item compositions of these factors were comparable to those previously described for adolescent inpatients. The results are discussed as supporting the use of the Inventory for evaluating self-reported Anxiety in outpatient adolescents.

  • sex effect sizes of the Beck Anxiety Inventory for psychiatric outpatients matched by age and principal disorders
    Assessment, 1995
    Co-Authors: Robert A Steer, Aaron T Beck, Judith S Beck
    Abstract:

    The BAI total scores and 21 symptom ratings of 453 female and 453 male outpatients matched by age and principal DSM-III-R disorders were compared. The mean difference in the total scores of 1.77 represented a small effect size of 0.12, p < .01. Although nine symptoms significantly differentiated the men and women, a stepwise discriminant analysis indicated that only one symptom, "Feeling hot," explained more than 1% of the variance distinguishing between the men and women. The women described slightly more overall Anxiety and specific distress with respect to the latter symptom than the men did. The findings were discussed as supporting the use of the same norms for both sexes.

  • differentiating elderly medical and psychiatric outpatients with the Beck Anxiety Inventory
    Assessment, 1994
    Co-Authors: Robert A Steer, Margaret Willman, Patricia A J Kay, Aaron T Beck
    Abstract:

    To ascertain whether self-reported anxious symptoms differentiated elderly (≥ 60 years old) medical and psychiatric outpatients, the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) was administered to 45 medical outpatients without psychiatric disorders and 117 psychiatric outpatients with mixed DSM-III-R disorders. The coefficient alphas of the BAI for the medical and psychiatric outpatients were 0.86 and 0.90, respectively. The mean BAI score (19.19, SD = 11.71) of the psychiatric outpatients was approximately 2.7 times higher than that (7.20, SD = 6.68) of the medical outpatients. Although the means for 15 of the 21 BAI symptoms were significantly lower in the medical outpatients than in the psychiatric outpatients, a stepwise discriminant-function analysis indicated that only two symptoms—fear of the worst happening and unsteady—contributed unique variance to the differentiation of the two groups. The results are discussed as supporting the use of the BAI with elderly outpatients.

  • further evidence for the validity of the Beck Anxiety Inventory with psychiatric outpatients
    Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 1993
    Co-Authors: Robert A Steer, William F. Ranieri, Aaron T Beck, David A Clark
    Abstract:

    Abstract To provide further information about the psychometric characteristics of the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), the BAI was administered to 470 outpatients with mixed psychiatric disorders along with the revised Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the SCL-90-R. The BAI's internal consistency was high (alpha = .92), and it was significantly more correlated with the SCL-90-R Anxiety subscale ( r = .81) than it was with SCL-90-R Depression subscale ( r = .62). However, it was also significantly correlated with the BDI ( r = .61). The mean BAI scores of the 141 (30.0%) outpatients with mood disorders and the 86 (18.3%) outpatients with Anxiety disorders were comparable, but higher than the mean BAI score of the 243 (51.7%) outpatients with other disorders. A principal components analysis found the previously reported subjective, neurophysiological, panic , and autonomic dimensions. The results are discussed as providing further evidence for the use of the BAI with psychiatric outpatients.

Aaron T Beck - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the Beck Anxiety Inventory trait bait a measure of dispositional Anxiety not contaminated by dispositional depression
    Journal of Personality Assessment, 2008
    Co-Authors: Paul M Kohn, Ludmila Kantor, Teresa L Decicco, Aaron T Beck
    Abstract:

    We describe development of the Beck Anxiety Inventory–Trait (BAIT), a measure of trait Anxiety. In Study 1 with 191 undergraduates, the BAIT correlated higher with another trait-Anxiety measure than with state Anxiety and trait depressiveness and lower with depressiveness than the other trait-Anxiety measure did. In Study 2 (Ns of 149 undergraduates initially and 107 at 3 weeks later), the BAIT demonstrated convergent validity against the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI; Beck, Epstein, Brown, & Steer, 1988) and self-rated trait Anxiety plus discriminant validity against abstract curiosity. In Study 3 (Ns of 161 undergraduates initially and 121 at 3 weeks later), the BAIT correlated more highly with another Anxiety measure than with depression, stress, positive affect, and negative affect. It also showed good internal consistency across studies and high stability in Studies 2 and 3, higher than the BAI's in Study 2. Factor analyses across studies all supported 2 factors, 1 Somatic and 1 Subjective.

  • use of the Beck Anxiety Inventory with adolescent psychiatric outpatients
    Psychological Reports, 1995
    Co-Authors: Robert A Steer, William F. Ranieri, Geetha Kumar, Aaron T Beck
    Abstract:

    The Beck Anxiety Inventory was administered to 105 outpatients between 13 and 17 years old who were diagnosed with various types of psychiatric disorders. A principal factor analysis was performed, and two factors were found representing subjective and somatic symptoms of Anxiety. The item compositions of these factors were comparable to those previously described for adolescent inpatients. The results are discussed as supporting the use of the Inventory for evaluating self-reported Anxiety in outpatient adolescents.

  • sex effect sizes of the Beck Anxiety Inventory for psychiatric outpatients matched by age and principal disorders
    Assessment, 1995
    Co-Authors: Robert A Steer, Aaron T Beck, Judith S Beck
    Abstract:

    The BAI total scores and 21 symptom ratings of 453 female and 453 male outpatients matched by age and principal DSM-III-R disorders were compared. The mean difference in the total scores of 1.77 represented a small effect size of 0.12, p < .01. Although nine symptoms significantly differentiated the men and women, a stepwise discriminant analysis indicated that only one symptom, "Feeling hot," explained more than 1% of the variance distinguishing between the men and women. The women described slightly more overall Anxiety and specific distress with respect to the latter symptom than the men did. The findings were discussed as supporting the use of the same norms for both sexes.

  • differentiating elderly medical and psychiatric outpatients with the Beck Anxiety Inventory
    Assessment, 1994
    Co-Authors: Robert A Steer, Margaret Willman, Patricia A J Kay, Aaron T Beck
    Abstract:

    To ascertain whether self-reported anxious symptoms differentiated elderly (≥ 60 years old) medical and psychiatric outpatients, the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) was administered to 45 medical outpatients without psychiatric disorders and 117 psychiatric outpatients with mixed DSM-III-R disorders. The coefficient alphas of the BAI for the medical and psychiatric outpatients were 0.86 and 0.90, respectively. The mean BAI score (19.19, SD = 11.71) of the psychiatric outpatients was approximately 2.7 times higher than that (7.20, SD = 6.68) of the medical outpatients. Although the means for 15 of the 21 BAI symptoms were significantly lower in the medical outpatients than in the psychiatric outpatients, a stepwise discriminant-function analysis indicated that only two symptoms—fear of the worst happening and unsteady—contributed unique variance to the differentiation of the two groups. The results are discussed as supporting the use of the BAI with elderly outpatients.

  • further evidence for the validity of the Beck Anxiety Inventory with psychiatric outpatients
    Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 1993
    Co-Authors: Robert A Steer, William F. Ranieri, Aaron T Beck, David A Clark
    Abstract:

    Abstract To provide further information about the psychometric characteristics of the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), the BAI was administered to 470 outpatients with mixed psychiatric disorders along with the revised Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the SCL-90-R. The BAI's internal consistency was high (alpha = .92), and it was significantly more correlated with the SCL-90-R Anxiety subscale ( r = .81) than it was with SCL-90-R Depression subscale ( r = .62). However, it was also significantly correlated with the BDI ( r = .61). The mean BAI scores of the 141 (30.0%) outpatients with mood disorders and the 86 (18.3%) outpatients with Anxiety disorders were comparable, but higher than the mean BAI score of the 243 (51.7%) outpatients with other disorders. A principal components analysis found the previously reported subjective, neurophysiological, panic , and autonomic dimensions. The results are discussed as providing further evidence for the use of the BAI with psychiatric outpatients.

Anton J L M Van Balkom - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • is the Beck Anxiety Inventory a good tool to assess the severity of Anxiety a primary care study in the netherlands study of depression and Anxiety nesda
    BMC Family Practice, 2011
    Co-Authors: Anna D T Muntingh, Christina M Van Der Feltzcornelis, Harm W J Van Marwijk, Philip Spinhoven, Brenda W J H Penninx, Anton J L M Van Balkom
    Abstract:

    Background: Appropriate management of Anxiety disorders in primary care requires clinical assessment and monitoring of the severity of the Anxiety. This study focuses on the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) as a severity indicator for Anxiety in primary care patients with different Anxiety disorders (social phobia, panic disorder with or without agoraphobia, agoraphobia or generalized Anxiety disorder), depressive disorders or no disorder (controls). Methods: Participants were 1601 primary care patients participating in the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA). Regression analyses were used to compare the mean BAI scores of the different diagnostic groups and to correct for age and gender. Results: Patients with any Anxiety disorder had a significantly higher mean score than the controls. A significantly higher score was found for patients with panic disorder and agoraphobia compared to patients with agoraphobia only or social phobia only. BAI scores in patients with an Anxiety disorder with a co-morbid Anxiety disorder and in patients with an Anxiety disorder with a co-morbid depressive disorder were significantly higher than BAI scores in patients with an Anxiety disorder alone or patients with a depressive disorder alone. Depressed and anxious patients did not differ significantly in their mean scores. Conclusions: The results suggest that the BAI may be used as a severity indicator of Anxiety in primary care patients with different Anxiety disorders. However, because the instrument seems to reflect the severity of depression as well, it is not a suitable instrument to discriminate between Anxiety and depression in a primary care population.

  • is the Beck Anxiety Inventory a good tool to assess the severity of Anxiety a primary care study in the netherlands study of depression and Anxiety nesda
    BMC Family Practice, 2011
    Co-Authors: Anna D T Muntingh, Christina M Van Der Feltzcornelis, Harm W J Van Marwijk, Philip Spinhoven, Brenda W J H Penninx, Anton J L M Van Balkom
    Abstract:

    Appropriate management of Anxiety disorders in primary care requires clinical assessment and monitoring of the severity of the Anxiety. This study focuses on the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) as a severity indicator for Anxiety in primary care patients with different Anxiety disorders (social phobia, panic disorder with or without agoraphobia, agoraphobia or generalized Anxiety disorder), depressive disorders or no disorder (controls). Participants were 1601 primary care patients participating in the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA). Regression analyses were used to compare the mean BAI scores of the different diagnostic groups and to correct for age and gender. Patients with any Anxiety disorder had a significantly higher mean score than the controls. A significantly higher score was found for patients with panic disorder and agoraphobia compared to patients with agoraphobia only or social phobia only. BAI scores in patients with an Anxiety disorder with a co-morbid Anxiety disorder and in patients with an Anxiety disorder with a co-morbid depressive disorder were significantly higher than BAI scores in patients with an Anxiety disorder alone or patients with a depressive disorder alone. Depressed and anxious patients did not differ significantly in their mean scores. The results suggest that the BAI may be used as a severity indicator of Anxiety in primary care patients with different Anxiety disorders. However, because the instrument seems to reflect the severity of depression as well, it is not a suitable instrument to discriminate between Anxiety and depression in a primary care population.

Augustine Osman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • factor structure reliability and validity of the Beck Anxiety Inventory in adolescent psychiatric inpatients
    Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2002
    Co-Authors: Augustine Osman, Francisco X Barrios, Beverly A Kopper, Joseph Hoffman, Joseph L Breitenstein, Susan K Hahn
    Abstract:

    The purpose of this study was to examine further the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) in samples of adolescents, ages 14 to 18 years. The BAI is a 21-item self-report measure of Anxiety severity. The BAI total score differentiated between the inpatient and high-school adolescents. In the psychiatric inpatient sample, girls obtained higher Anxiety-severity scores than boys; no gender differences were obtained for the BAI total score in the high-school sample. Confirmatory factor analyses did not provide adequate fit for the two- factor oblique BAI models to the separate male and female psychiatric inpatient data. Principal axes with varimax and promax rotations initially identified a four-factor solution in the separate male and female inpatient participants. However, second-order analyses of the primary factors provided stronger support for a single-factor structure in each sample. Estimates of reliability for the BAI were adequate in samples of psychiatric inpatient and high-school adolescents. Evidence for convergent and discriminant validity of the BAI was investigated separately in the male and female inpatient samples. Overall, the BAI showed acceptable psychometric properties in these populations. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 58: 443–456, 2002.

  • the Beck Anxiety Inventory reexamination of factor structure and psychometric properties
    Journal of Clinical Psychology, 1997
    Co-Authors: Augustine Osman, Francisco X Barrios, Joylene R Osman, Beverly A Kopper, Tray Wade
    Abstract:

    Several exploratory factor-analytic studies of the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI; Beck, Epstein, Brown, & Steer, 1988) have reported two, four, and five factors. This study evaluated the fit of four competing models to data provided by a sample of 350 undergraduates. Results of the initial confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) provided strong support for the fit of the four-factor oblique model. Next, we respecified the four-factor model as a single second-order BAI. Results showed that the second-order model also provided adequate fit to the data. Evidence also supported the psychometric indices of reliability and convergent validity. Finally, we examined the relation of the BAI to several demographic variables. Limitations of the study are discussed.

  • the Beck Anxiety Inventory psychometric properties in a community population
    Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 1993
    Co-Authors: Augustine Osman, Francisco X Barrios, Diane Aukes, Joylene R Osman, Kathleen Markway
    Abstract:

    This study presents data on the norms and psychometric properties of the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), using a sample of 225 community adult volunteers. Maximum-likelihood confirmatory factor analyses of previously published models of the BAI: a two-factor model and a five-factor model, showed that the fit of each model was unacceptable. Also, the fit of the single-factor model was poor. Exploratory principal-components analyses with varimax and oblique rotations suggested four BAI components within this sample. Satisfactory levels of reliability were established for the BAI subscales. Finally, the relations between the BAI total and subscale scores and a related measure of Anxiety and with another self-report measure of psychological distress were examined.

B Alansari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • explanatory and confirmatory factor structure of Beck Anxiety Inventory in college sample
    European Psychiatry, 2017
    Co-Authors: S Kareemi, B Alansari
    Abstract:

    Introduction The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) is a widely used 21-item self-report Inventory used to assess Anxiety levels in adults and adolescents in both clinical and non-clinical populations. The values for each item are summed yielding an overall or total score for all 21 symptoms that can range between 0 and 63 points. A total score of 0–7 is interpreted as a “Minimal” level of Anxiety; 8–15 as “Mild”; 16–25 as “Moderate”, and; 26–63 as “Severe”. There is no study until this date that examines the Explanatory and confirmatory factor structure factor structure of BAI in college student in Kuwaiti. Objectives The current study investigated the original four-factor structure of the (BAI) in non-clinical sample of college students. Methods Sample one consisted of 540 males and females while sample two consisted of 600 males and females from Kuwait University undergraduates. The Arabic version of BAI was administered to participants. Explanatory factor analysis based on sample one and conformity factor analysis based on sample 2. Results The results revealed four factor structures of BAI in the two samples of Kuwaiti students. Which included neurophysiological, subjective, autonomic, and panic factors. Conclusions The results of both confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis indicated that the original four-factor structures of the BAI do provide the best fit for the college sample.

  • a confirmatory factor structure of Beck Anxiety Inventory in secondary school students among kuwaitis and non kuwaitis
    European Psychiatry, 2015
    Co-Authors: S Kareemi, B Alansari
    Abstract:

    Introduction TheBeck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) has consistently been regarded as a strong toolfor measuring cognitive and somatic aspects of self-reported Anxietysymptomatology in both clinical and non-clinical populations. Thereis no study until this date that examines the factor structure of BAI within Kuwaitiand non-Kuwaiti from high school students. Objectives The current study investigated the original four-factor structure of the (BAI) innon-clinical sample of young adults. Methods The sample consisted of 600 males andfemale students from secondary school of which 300 are Kuwaitis, and 300non-Kuwaitis. The Arabic version of BAI was administered to participants. Explanatory and conformity factor analysisof BAI were used in this study. Results The results revealed three structures of BAI in the two samples of Kuwaiti andnon-Kuwaiti students. The first factor: Neurophysiological symptoms andsymptoms of Subjective, and the second factor comprised symptoms of Panic andSubjective, while the third factor included panic and Autonomic symptoms. Inaddition, the results revealed no significant gender differences in the factorstructure of BAI in the two samples of Kuwaiti and non-Kuwaiti students. Conclusion Theresults ofboth confirmatory and exploratoryfactor analysis indicated that the original four-factor structures of the BeckAnxiety Inventory do not provide the best fit for either the Kuwaiti or non-Kuwaiti sample. Three-factor model provided the best fit for the two samples. Implications andsuggestions for future research are discussed.