Binder Content

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Radenka Maric - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The effect of Binder Content on the performance of a high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell produced with reactive spray deposition technology
    Electrochimica Acta, 2015
    Co-Authors: Siwon Kim, Timothy D. Myles, Dongwook Kwak, H. Russel Kunz, Radenka Maric
    Abstract:

    The effects of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Binder Content in the catalyst layer of high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) utilizing phosphoric acid doped Advent TPS® polymer electrolyte membranes (pyridine bearing aromatic polyethers, TPS) has been investigated in terms of both hydrogen/oxygen and hydrogen/air performance. The anode and cathode gas diffusion electrodes (GDE) were fabricated with different PTFE/carbon weight ratios by a flame based process known as the Reactive Spray Deposition Technology (RSDT) method in order to increase the active platinum (Pt) surface area, with a goal of decreasing overall Pt levels to a total loading of 0.1 mg cm-2. The electrodes, prepared with different amounts of PTFE Binder, have been tested in a single cell, with a 25 cm2 geometric area, under an operating temperature range of 160-200 °C. Tests measuring the Pt nanoparticle dispersion on the carbon supports, the pore size distribution, and the electrochemical surface area of the catalyst layer were also performed. The best cell performance was achieved with PTFE/carbon weight ratio of 0.9 over the entire range of operating temperatures. This optimal PTFE Binder Content resulted in well-developed Pt dispersion on the carbon support and small, uniformly sized pores which develop ideal capillary forces for distributing the phosphoric acid electrolyte evenly throughout the catalyst layer. This led to a high number of triple phase boundaries and maximized Pt utilization.

Fu Yang Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • experimental studies on distributions of granule size Binder Content and porosity in batch drum granulation inferences on process modelling requirements and process sensitivities
    Powder Technology, 2008
    Co-Authors: Rohit Ramachandran, Charles D. Immanuel, James D. Litster, Jonathan M.h. Poon, Constantijn F.w. Sanders, Thomas Glaser, Frantisek Stepanek, Francis J. Doyle, Fu Yang Wang
    Abstract:

    Batch granulation experiments on a lab-scale drum granulator for a Calcite/Polyvinyl alcohol in water (Calcite/PVOH–H2O) system are presented in this study. Experimental studies were carried out to study the aggregation kinetics and mechanism for this granulation recipe, whilst investigating the effects of Binder-to-solids ratio and drum load on the granule size, Binder Content and porosity distributions. In particular, the effect of formulation properties and the granulation operating conditions on the batch process dynamics and the end-granule properties are studied. The formulation properties considered include liquid surface tension, powder-liquid contact angle, dynamic yield stress, powder shape and liquid viscosity. The operating variables include the Binder-to-solids ratio, Binder addition duration and the Binder addition mode. The sensitivity in the process and the non-homogeneity of key particle attributes (size, Binder Content, and porosity) is evident. The important process manipulations for feedback control and potential disturbances are identified, formulating a comprehensive control configuration for batch and continuous granulation, with the latter case being exemplified in Glaser et al. [T., Glaser, C.F.W., Sanders, F.Y., Wang, I.T., Cameron, R., Ramachandran, J.D., Litster, J.M.-H., Poon, C.D., Immanuel, F.J. Doyle, III, 2007. Model predictive control of drum granulation. Manuscript in preparation.]. The importance of multi-scale process models that link fundamental material properties with the granulation mechanisms and end-granule properties is also evident from the experiments. A three-dimensional population balance equation structure in terms of the particle size, Binder Content and porosity is confirmed to be an ideal framework for the process model.

  • Experimental studies on distributions of granule size, Binder Content and porosity in batch drum granulation: Inferences on process modelling requirements and process sensitivities
    Powder Technology, 2008
    Co-Authors: Rohit Ramachandran, Charles D. Immanuel, James D. Litster, Jonathan M.h. Poon, Constantijn F.w. Sanders, Thomas Glaser, Fu Yang Wang, Frantisek Stepanek, Francis J. Doyle, Ian T. Cameron
    Abstract:

    Batch granulation experiments on a lab-scale drum granulator for a Calcite/Polyvinyl alcohol in water (Calcite/PVOH-H2O) system are presented in this study. Experimental studies were carried out to study the aggregation kinetics and mechanism for this granulation recipe, whilst investigating the effects of Binder-to-solids ratio and drum load on the granule size, Binder Content and porosity distributions. In particular, the effect of formulation properties and the granulation operating conditions on the batch process dynamics and the end-granule properties are studied. The formulation properties considered include liquid surface tension, powder-liquid contact angle, dynamic yield stress, powder shape and liquid viscosity. The operating variables include the Binder-to-solids ratio, Binder addition duration and the Binder addition mode. The sensitivity in the process and the non-homogeneity of key particle attributes (size, Binder Content, and porosity) is evident. The important process manipulations for feedback control and potential disturbances are identified, formulating a comprehensive control configuration for batch and continuous granulation, with the latter case being exemplified in Glaser et al. [T., Glaser, C.F.W., Sanders, F.Y., Wang, I.T., Cameron, R., Ramachandran, J.D., Litster, J.M.-H., Poon, C.D., Immanuel, F.J. Doyle, III, 2007. Model predictive control of drum granulation. Manuscript in preparation.]. The importance of multi-scale process models that link fundamental material properties with the granulation mechanisms and end-granule properties is also evident from the experiments. A three-dimensional population balance equation structure in terms of the particle size, Binder Content and porosity is confirmed to be an ideal framework for the process model. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Thomas Glaser - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • experimental studies on distributions of granule size Binder Content and porosity in batch drum granulation inferences on process modelling requirements and process sensitivities
    Powder Technology, 2008
    Co-Authors: Rohit Ramachandran, Charles D. Immanuel, James D. Litster, Jonathan M.h. Poon, Constantijn F.w. Sanders, Thomas Glaser, Frantisek Stepanek, Francis J. Doyle, Fu Yang Wang
    Abstract:

    Batch granulation experiments on a lab-scale drum granulator for a Calcite/Polyvinyl alcohol in water (Calcite/PVOH–H2O) system are presented in this study. Experimental studies were carried out to study the aggregation kinetics and mechanism for this granulation recipe, whilst investigating the effects of Binder-to-solids ratio and drum load on the granule size, Binder Content and porosity distributions. In particular, the effect of formulation properties and the granulation operating conditions on the batch process dynamics and the end-granule properties are studied. The formulation properties considered include liquid surface tension, powder-liquid contact angle, dynamic yield stress, powder shape and liquid viscosity. The operating variables include the Binder-to-solids ratio, Binder addition duration and the Binder addition mode. The sensitivity in the process and the non-homogeneity of key particle attributes (size, Binder Content, and porosity) is evident. The important process manipulations for feedback control and potential disturbances are identified, formulating a comprehensive control configuration for batch and continuous granulation, with the latter case being exemplified in Glaser et al. [T., Glaser, C.F.W., Sanders, F.Y., Wang, I.T., Cameron, R., Ramachandran, J.D., Litster, J.M.-H., Poon, C.D., Immanuel, F.J. Doyle, III, 2007. Model predictive control of drum granulation. Manuscript in preparation.]. The importance of multi-scale process models that link fundamental material properties with the granulation mechanisms and end-granule properties is also evident from the experiments. A three-dimensional population balance equation structure in terms of the particle size, Binder Content and porosity is confirmed to be an ideal framework for the process model.

  • Experimental studies on distributions of granule size, Binder Content and porosity in batch drum granulation: Inferences on process modelling requirements and process sensitivities
    Powder Technology, 2008
    Co-Authors: Rohit Ramachandran, Charles D. Immanuel, James D. Litster, Jonathan M.h. Poon, Constantijn F.w. Sanders, Thomas Glaser, Fu Yang Wang, Frantisek Stepanek, Francis J. Doyle, Ian T. Cameron
    Abstract:

    Batch granulation experiments on a lab-scale drum granulator for a Calcite/Polyvinyl alcohol in water (Calcite/PVOH-H2O) system are presented in this study. Experimental studies were carried out to study the aggregation kinetics and mechanism for this granulation recipe, whilst investigating the effects of Binder-to-solids ratio and drum load on the granule size, Binder Content and porosity distributions. In particular, the effect of formulation properties and the granulation operating conditions on the batch process dynamics and the end-granule properties are studied. The formulation properties considered include liquid surface tension, powder-liquid contact angle, dynamic yield stress, powder shape and liquid viscosity. The operating variables include the Binder-to-solids ratio, Binder addition duration and the Binder addition mode. The sensitivity in the process and the non-homogeneity of key particle attributes (size, Binder Content, and porosity) is evident. The important process manipulations for feedback control and potential disturbances are identified, formulating a comprehensive control configuration for batch and continuous granulation, with the latter case being exemplified in Glaser et al. [T., Glaser, C.F.W., Sanders, F.Y., Wang, I.T., Cameron, R., Ramachandran, J.D., Litster, J.M.-H., Poon, C.D., Immanuel, F.J. Doyle, III, 2007. Model predictive control of drum granulation. Manuscript in preparation.]. The importance of multi-scale process models that link fundamental material properties with the granulation mechanisms and end-granule properties is also evident from the experiments. A three-dimensional population balance equation structure in terms of the particle size, Binder Content and porosity is confirmed to be an ideal framework for the process model. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Siwon Kim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The effect of Binder Content on the performance of a high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell produced with reactive spray deposition technology
    Electrochimica Acta, 2015
    Co-Authors: Siwon Kim, Timothy D. Myles, Dongwook Kwak, H. Russel Kunz, Radenka Maric
    Abstract:

    The effects of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Binder Content in the catalyst layer of high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) utilizing phosphoric acid doped Advent TPS® polymer electrolyte membranes (pyridine bearing aromatic polyethers, TPS) has been investigated in terms of both hydrogen/oxygen and hydrogen/air performance. The anode and cathode gas diffusion electrodes (GDE) were fabricated with different PTFE/carbon weight ratios by a flame based process known as the Reactive Spray Deposition Technology (RSDT) method in order to increase the active platinum (Pt) surface area, with a goal of decreasing overall Pt levels to a total loading of 0.1 mg cm-2. The electrodes, prepared with different amounts of PTFE Binder, have been tested in a single cell, with a 25 cm2 geometric area, under an operating temperature range of 160-200 °C. Tests measuring the Pt nanoparticle dispersion on the carbon supports, the pore size distribution, and the electrochemical surface area of the catalyst layer were also performed. The best cell performance was achieved with PTFE/carbon weight ratio of 0.9 over the entire range of operating temperatures. This optimal PTFE Binder Content resulted in well-developed Pt dispersion on the carbon support and small, uniformly sized pores which develop ideal capillary forces for distributing the phosphoric acid electrolyte evenly throughout the catalyst layer. This led to a high number of triple phase boundaries and maximized Pt utilization.

Rohit Ramachandran - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • experimental studies on distributions of granule size Binder Content and porosity in batch drum granulation inferences on process modelling requirements and process sensitivities
    Powder Technology, 2008
    Co-Authors: Rohit Ramachandran, Charles D. Immanuel, James D. Litster, Jonathan M.h. Poon, Constantijn F.w. Sanders, Thomas Glaser, Frantisek Stepanek, Francis J. Doyle, Fu Yang Wang
    Abstract:

    Batch granulation experiments on a lab-scale drum granulator for a Calcite/Polyvinyl alcohol in water (Calcite/PVOH–H2O) system are presented in this study. Experimental studies were carried out to study the aggregation kinetics and mechanism for this granulation recipe, whilst investigating the effects of Binder-to-solids ratio and drum load on the granule size, Binder Content and porosity distributions. In particular, the effect of formulation properties and the granulation operating conditions on the batch process dynamics and the end-granule properties are studied. The formulation properties considered include liquid surface tension, powder-liquid contact angle, dynamic yield stress, powder shape and liquid viscosity. The operating variables include the Binder-to-solids ratio, Binder addition duration and the Binder addition mode. The sensitivity in the process and the non-homogeneity of key particle attributes (size, Binder Content, and porosity) is evident. The important process manipulations for feedback control and potential disturbances are identified, formulating a comprehensive control configuration for batch and continuous granulation, with the latter case being exemplified in Glaser et al. [T., Glaser, C.F.W., Sanders, F.Y., Wang, I.T., Cameron, R., Ramachandran, J.D., Litster, J.M.-H., Poon, C.D., Immanuel, F.J. Doyle, III, 2007. Model predictive control of drum granulation. Manuscript in preparation.]. The importance of multi-scale process models that link fundamental material properties with the granulation mechanisms and end-granule properties is also evident from the experiments. A three-dimensional population balance equation structure in terms of the particle size, Binder Content and porosity is confirmed to be an ideal framework for the process model.

  • Experimental studies on distributions of granule size, Binder Content and porosity in batch drum granulation: Inferences on process modelling requirements and process sensitivities
    Powder Technology, 2008
    Co-Authors: Rohit Ramachandran, Charles D. Immanuel, James D. Litster, Jonathan M.h. Poon, Constantijn F.w. Sanders, Thomas Glaser, Fu Yang Wang, Frantisek Stepanek, Francis J. Doyle, Ian T. Cameron
    Abstract:

    Batch granulation experiments on a lab-scale drum granulator for a Calcite/Polyvinyl alcohol in water (Calcite/PVOH-H2O) system are presented in this study. Experimental studies were carried out to study the aggregation kinetics and mechanism for this granulation recipe, whilst investigating the effects of Binder-to-solids ratio and drum load on the granule size, Binder Content and porosity distributions. In particular, the effect of formulation properties and the granulation operating conditions on the batch process dynamics and the end-granule properties are studied. The formulation properties considered include liquid surface tension, powder-liquid contact angle, dynamic yield stress, powder shape and liquid viscosity. The operating variables include the Binder-to-solids ratio, Binder addition duration and the Binder addition mode. The sensitivity in the process and the non-homogeneity of key particle attributes (size, Binder Content, and porosity) is evident. The important process manipulations for feedback control and potential disturbances are identified, formulating a comprehensive control configuration for batch and continuous granulation, with the latter case being exemplified in Glaser et al. [T., Glaser, C.F.W., Sanders, F.Y., Wang, I.T., Cameron, R., Ramachandran, J.D., Litster, J.M.-H., Poon, C.D., Immanuel, F.J. Doyle, III, 2007. Model predictive control of drum granulation. Manuscript in preparation.]. The importance of multi-scale process models that link fundamental material properties with the granulation mechanisms and end-granule properties is also evident from the experiments. A three-dimensional population balance equation structure in terms of the particle size, Binder Content and porosity is confirmed to be an ideal framework for the process model. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.