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Uwe Ludewig - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Biomass Increase under zinc deficiency caused by delay of early flowering in Arabidopsis.
Journal of experimental botany, 2018Co-Authors: Xiaochao Chen, Uwe LudewigAbstract:Plants generally produce more Biomass when all nutrients are available in sufficient amounts. In addition to environmental constraints, genetic and developmental factors, such as the transition from vegetative to reproductive growth, restrict maximal Biomass yield. Here, we report the peculiar observation that a subset of Arabidopsis thaliana accessions produced larger shoot rosette diameters when grown in zinc (Zn)-deficient conditions, compared with Zn-sufficient conditions. This was associated with early flowering that restricted the leaf length under Zn sufficiency. Zinc deficiency repressed the expression of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), which encodes a major regulator of flowering. Repression or loss of FT Increased the rosette diameter via a delay of the transition to flowering, a longer phase of leaf growth, and an Increased leaf number. The transition to flowering reduced, but did not terminate, the proliferation of established leaves. The size of individual leaf mesophyll cells was not affected by Zn deficiency or by loss of FT, indicating that the larger rosette diameter was caused by maintained proliferation of vegetative tissue. As a consequence, early-flowering accessions under Zn deficiency grew to have larger rosette diameters due to a delay of flowering, which explains the unusual Increase of vegetative Biomass under nutrient deficiency.
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Biomass Increase under zinc deficiency caused by delay of early flowering in Arabidopsis
2017Co-Authors: Xiaochao Chen, Uwe LudewigAbstract:Plants generally produce more Biomass when all nutrients are available in sufficient amounts. In addition to environmental constraints, genetic and developmental factors, such as the transition from vegetative to reproductive growth, restrict maximal yield. Here we report the peculiar observation that a subset of early flowering Arabidopsis thaliana accessions produced larger shoot rosette diameters when grown in zinc (Zn)-deficient conditions, compared with Zn-sufficient conditions. This was associated with early flowering that restricted the leaf length under Zn sufficiency. Zinc deficiency repressed FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) expression, a major regulator of flowering. Repression or loss of FT Increased the rosette diameter by a delay of the transition to flowering, a longer phase of leaf proliferation and Increased leaf number. The transition to flowering reduced, but not terminated, the proliferation of established leaves. The size of individual leaf mesophyll cells was not affected by Zn deficiency or loss of FT, indicating that the larger rosette diameter was caused by maintained proliferation of vegetative tissue. As a consequence, early flowering accessions under Zn deficiency grew larger rosette diameters due to a delay of flowering, which explains the unusual Increase of vegetative Biomass under nutrient deficiency.
Jan Stenlid - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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understanding the role of sapwood loss and reaction zone formation on radial growth of norway spruce picea abies trees decayed by heterobasidion annosum s l
Forest Ecology and Management, 2012Co-Authors: José Oliva, J. Julio Camarero, Jan StenlidAbstract:Allocation of photosynthates to defence responses at the expense of Biomass Increase is a common strategy amongst plants to cope with stress factors. Trees reduce the spread of decay by creating a secondary metabolite-rich reaction zone as fungal ingresses the sapwood. Reaction zone formation implies a sacrificial conversion of sapwood, thus, as decay progresses, the sapwood area of the tree is reduced. The relative contribution that reaction-zone formation and sapwood loss make to radial growth decrease is unclear. To answer this question we reconstructed radial-growth patterns in 100 Norway spruce (Picea abies) trees with a range of reaction zone and sapwood disruption. Basal area increment (BAI) between 1960 and 2007 and its relationship with sapwood reduction and reaction zone formation was assessed using structural equation models (SEM). BAI data showed that over 10 years, trees with small or no decay columns (<40%) and a reaction zone shifted from a growth rate that was similar to trees without a reaction zone towards low growth rate similar to trees with large decay columns. The fitted SEM indicated that: (i) the effects of decay on growth would begin with the formation of the reaction zone, and (ii) the smaller sapwood in decayed trees as compared with healthy trees would not reduce radial growth, but would be in part the result of previous periods of low growth due to reaction-zone formation.
L. Skärby - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effects of ozone and drought stress on the physiology and growth of two clones of Norway spruce (Picea abies)
New Phytologist, 1997Co-Authors: P.e. Karlsson, E.l. Medin, Göran Wallin, Gun Selldén, L. SkärbyAbstract:SUMMARY Cuttings of two clones of Norway spruce, Picea abies (L.) Karst., were exposed to three different ozone concentrations in open-top chambers during four months in the summer of 1990. The treatments were charcoal-filtered air, non-filtered air and non-filtered air with extra ozone (c. 30 ppb) added daily between 1100–1800 local time. During the last 4 wk of the exposure period, half the seedlings were drought-stressed, while the remainder were well watered. Biomass, gas exchange and water potential were measured during the drought stress period. The ozone treatments affected the two clones very differently. High ozone reduced the rate of Biomass Increase in the faster-growing clone (clone M) whereas ozone generally stimulated the rate of Biomass Increase in the slower-growing clone (clone L). At the end of the measuring period, the high-ozone treatments reduced the rate of root Biomass Increase of the well watered seedlings of the M-clone, but it had no effect on the drought-stressed seedlings of the same clone, probably because the root growth was already to a large extent inhibited by the drought stress. The treatment with the highest concentration of ozone partly protected the seedlings of the M clone against the drought stress, presumably by delaying shoot growth and thus delaying the Increase in the total transpiring needle area. As a result, stomata tended to close less during the drought period in this treatment. The results are discussed in relation to the suggested critical level for ozone effects on trees.
F. Xavier Malcata - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Production of Polysaccharide by Rahnella aquatilis with Whey Feedstock
Journal of Food Science, 1999Co-Authors: Manuela Pintado, A. I. E. Pintado, F. Xavier MalcataAbstract:The rates were monitored on Biomass Increase, polysaccharide production and viscosity development of whey broth and a control synthetic broth during fermentation by Rahnella aquatills and organic acids, lactose, peptides and free amino acids were measured. Growth curves were simllar and characterized by maximum specific growth rates of 0.61 h -1 for whey and 0.63 h -1 for synthetic medium. The yields of polysaccharide were 0.59 g/g lactose for the synthetic medium and 0.56 for whey. Small peptides (
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production of polysaccharide by rahnella aquatilis with whey feedstock
Journal of Food Science, 1999Co-Authors: Manuela Pintado, A. I. E. Pintado, F. Xavier MalcataAbstract:The rates were monitored on Biomass Increase, polysaccharide production and viscosity development of whey broth and a control synthetic broth during fermentation by Rahnella aquatills and organic acids, lactose, peptides and free amino acids were measured. Growth curves were simllar and characterized by maximum specific growth rates of 0.61 h -1 for whey and 0.63 h -1 for synthetic medium. The yields of polysaccharide were 0.59 g/g lactose for the synthetic medium and 0.56 for whey. Small peptides (<4,000 Da) and most free amino acids in both fermentation media were consumed within 24h.
Xiaochao Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Biomass Increase under zinc deficiency caused by delay of early flowering in Arabidopsis.
Journal of experimental botany, 2018Co-Authors: Xiaochao Chen, Uwe LudewigAbstract:Plants generally produce more Biomass when all nutrients are available in sufficient amounts. In addition to environmental constraints, genetic and developmental factors, such as the transition from vegetative to reproductive growth, restrict maximal Biomass yield. Here, we report the peculiar observation that a subset of Arabidopsis thaliana accessions produced larger shoot rosette diameters when grown in zinc (Zn)-deficient conditions, compared with Zn-sufficient conditions. This was associated with early flowering that restricted the leaf length under Zn sufficiency. Zinc deficiency repressed the expression of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), which encodes a major regulator of flowering. Repression or loss of FT Increased the rosette diameter via a delay of the transition to flowering, a longer phase of leaf growth, and an Increased leaf number. The transition to flowering reduced, but did not terminate, the proliferation of established leaves. The size of individual leaf mesophyll cells was not affected by Zn deficiency or by loss of FT, indicating that the larger rosette diameter was caused by maintained proliferation of vegetative tissue. As a consequence, early-flowering accessions under Zn deficiency grew to have larger rosette diameters due to a delay of flowering, which explains the unusual Increase of vegetative Biomass under nutrient deficiency.
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Biomass Increase under zinc deficiency caused by delay of early flowering in Arabidopsis
2017Co-Authors: Xiaochao Chen, Uwe LudewigAbstract:Plants generally produce more Biomass when all nutrients are available in sufficient amounts. In addition to environmental constraints, genetic and developmental factors, such as the transition from vegetative to reproductive growth, restrict maximal yield. Here we report the peculiar observation that a subset of early flowering Arabidopsis thaliana accessions produced larger shoot rosette diameters when grown in zinc (Zn)-deficient conditions, compared with Zn-sufficient conditions. This was associated with early flowering that restricted the leaf length under Zn sufficiency. Zinc deficiency repressed FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) expression, a major regulator of flowering. Repression or loss of FT Increased the rosette diameter by a delay of the transition to flowering, a longer phase of leaf proliferation and Increased leaf number. The transition to flowering reduced, but not terminated, the proliferation of established leaves. The size of individual leaf mesophyll cells was not affected by Zn deficiency or loss of FT, indicating that the larger rosette diameter was caused by maintained proliferation of vegetative tissue. As a consequence, early flowering accessions under Zn deficiency grew larger rosette diameters due to a delay of flowering, which explains the unusual Increase of vegetative Biomass under nutrient deficiency.