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Stephan Hattenschwiler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the importance of Biotic Factors in predicting global change effects on decomposition of temperate forest leaf litter
Oecologia, 2010Co-Authors: Soraya Rouifed, Tanya I Handa, Jeanfrancois David, Stephan HattenschwilerAbstract:Increasing atmospheric CO2 and temperature are predicted to alter litter decomposition via changes in litter chemistry and environmental conditions. The extent to which these predictions are influenced by Biotic Factors such as litter species composition or decomposer activity, and in particular how these different Factors interact, is not well understood. In a 5-week laboratory experiment we compared the decomposition of leaf litter from four temperate tree species (Fagus sylvatica, Quercus petraea, Carpinus betulus and Tilia platyphyllos) in response to four interacting Factors: elevated CO2-induced changes in litter quality, a 3°C warmer environment during decomposition, changes in litter species composition, and presence/absence of a litter-feeding millipede (Glomeris marginata). Elevated CO2 and temperature had much weaker effects on decomposition than litter species composition and the presence of Glomeris. Mass loss of elevated CO2-grown leaf litter was reduced in Fagus and increased in Fagus/Tilia mixtures, but was not affected in any other leaf litter treatment. Warming increased litter mass loss in Carpinus and Tilia, but not in the other two litter species and in none of the mixtures. The CO2- and temperature-related differences in decomposition disappeared completely when Glomeris was present. Overall, fauna activity stimulated litter mass loss, but to different degrees depending on litter species composition, with a particularly strong effect on Fagus/Tilia mixtures (+58%). Higher fauna-driven mass loss was not followed by higher C mineralization over the relatively short experimental period. Apart from a strong interaction between litter species composition and fauna, the tested Factors had little or no interactive effects on decomposition. We conclude that if global change were to result in substantial shifts in plant community composition and macrofauna abundance in forest ecosystems, these interacting Biotic Factors could have greater impacts on decomposition and biogeochemical cycles than rising atmospheric CO2 concentration and temperature.
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The importance of Biotic Factors in predicting global change effects on decomposition of temperate forest leaf litter
Oecologia, 2010Co-Authors: Soraya Rouifed, Jeanfrancois David, I. Tanya Handa, Stephan HattenschwilerAbstract:Increasing atmospheric CO(2) and temperature are predicted to alter litter decomposition via changes in litter chemistry and environmental conditions. The extent to which these predictions are influenced by Biotic Factors such as litter species composition or decomposer activity, and in particular how these different Factors interact, is not well understood. In a 5-week laboratory experiment we compared the decomposition of leaf litter from four temperate tree species (Fagus sylvatica, Quercus petraea, Carpinus betulus and Tilia platyphyllos) in response to four interacting Factors: elevated CO(2)-induced changes in litter quality, a 3 degrees C warmer environment during decomposition, changes in litter species composition, and presence/absence of a litter-feeding millipede (Glomeris marginata). Elevated CO(2) and temperature had much weaker effects on decomposition than litter species composition and the presence of Glomeris. Mass loss of elevated CO(2)-grown leaf litter was reduced in Fagus and increased in Fagus/Tilia mixtures, but was not affected in any other leaf litter treatment. Warming increased litter mass loss in Carpinus and Tilia, but not in the other two litter species and in none of the mixtures. The CO(2)- and temperature-related differences in decomposition disappeared completely when Glomeris was present. Overall, fauna activity stimulated litter mass loss, but to different degrees depending on litter species composition, with a particularly strong effect on Fagus/Tilia mixtures (+58%). Higher fauna-driven mass loss was not followed by higher C mineralization over the relatively short experimental period. Apart from a strong interaction between litter species composition and fauna, the tested Factors had little or no interactive effects on decomposition. We conclude that if global change were to result in substantial shifts in plant community composition and macrofauna abundance in forest ecosystems, these interacting Biotic Factors could have greater impacts on decomposition and biogeochemical cycles than rising atmospheric CO(2) concentration and temperature.
Soraya Rouifed - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the importance of Biotic Factors in predicting global change effects on decomposition of temperate forest leaf litter
Oecologia, 2010Co-Authors: Soraya Rouifed, Tanya I Handa, Jeanfrancois David, Stephan HattenschwilerAbstract:Increasing atmospheric CO2 and temperature are predicted to alter litter decomposition via changes in litter chemistry and environmental conditions. The extent to which these predictions are influenced by Biotic Factors such as litter species composition or decomposer activity, and in particular how these different Factors interact, is not well understood. In a 5-week laboratory experiment we compared the decomposition of leaf litter from four temperate tree species (Fagus sylvatica, Quercus petraea, Carpinus betulus and Tilia platyphyllos) in response to four interacting Factors: elevated CO2-induced changes in litter quality, a 3°C warmer environment during decomposition, changes in litter species composition, and presence/absence of a litter-feeding millipede (Glomeris marginata). Elevated CO2 and temperature had much weaker effects on decomposition than litter species composition and the presence of Glomeris. Mass loss of elevated CO2-grown leaf litter was reduced in Fagus and increased in Fagus/Tilia mixtures, but was not affected in any other leaf litter treatment. Warming increased litter mass loss in Carpinus and Tilia, but not in the other two litter species and in none of the mixtures. The CO2- and temperature-related differences in decomposition disappeared completely when Glomeris was present. Overall, fauna activity stimulated litter mass loss, but to different degrees depending on litter species composition, with a particularly strong effect on Fagus/Tilia mixtures (+58%). Higher fauna-driven mass loss was not followed by higher C mineralization over the relatively short experimental period. Apart from a strong interaction between litter species composition and fauna, the tested Factors had little or no interactive effects on decomposition. We conclude that if global change were to result in substantial shifts in plant community composition and macrofauna abundance in forest ecosystems, these interacting Biotic Factors could have greater impacts on decomposition and biogeochemical cycles than rising atmospheric CO2 concentration and temperature.
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The importance of Biotic Factors in predicting global change effects on decomposition of temperate forest leaf litter
Oecologia, 2010Co-Authors: Soraya Rouifed, Jeanfrancois David, I. Tanya Handa, Stephan HattenschwilerAbstract:Increasing atmospheric CO(2) and temperature are predicted to alter litter decomposition via changes in litter chemistry and environmental conditions. The extent to which these predictions are influenced by Biotic Factors such as litter species composition or decomposer activity, and in particular how these different Factors interact, is not well understood. In a 5-week laboratory experiment we compared the decomposition of leaf litter from four temperate tree species (Fagus sylvatica, Quercus petraea, Carpinus betulus and Tilia platyphyllos) in response to four interacting Factors: elevated CO(2)-induced changes in litter quality, a 3 degrees C warmer environment during decomposition, changes in litter species composition, and presence/absence of a litter-feeding millipede (Glomeris marginata). Elevated CO(2) and temperature had much weaker effects on decomposition than litter species composition and the presence of Glomeris. Mass loss of elevated CO(2)-grown leaf litter was reduced in Fagus and increased in Fagus/Tilia mixtures, but was not affected in any other leaf litter treatment. Warming increased litter mass loss in Carpinus and Tilia, but not in the other two litter species and in none of the mixtures. The CO(2)- and temperature-related differences in decomposition disappeared completely when Glomeris was present. Overall, fauna activity stimulated litter mass loss, but to different degrees depending on litter species composition, with a particularly strong effect on Fagus/Tilia mixtures (+58%). Higher fauna-driven mass loss was not followed by higher C mineralization over the relatively short experimental period. Apart from a strong interaction between litter species composition and fauna, the tested Factors had little or no interactive effects on decomposition. We conclude that if global change were to result in substantial shifts in plant community composition and macrofauna abundance in forest ecosystems, these interacting Biotic Factors could have greater impacts on decomposition and biogeochemical cycles than rising atmospheric CO(2) concentration and temperature.
Jeanfrancois David - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the importance of Biotic Factors in predicting global change effects on decomposition of temperate forest leaf litter
Oecologia, 2010Co-Authors: Soraya Rouifed, Tanya I Handa, Jeanfrancois David, Stephan HattenschwilerAbstract:Increasing atmospheric CO2 and temperature are predicted to alter litter decomposition via changes in litter chemistry and environmental conditions. The extent to which these predictions are influenced by Biotic Factors such as litter species composition or decomposer activity, and in particular how these different Factors interact, is not well understood. In a 5-week laboratory experiment we compared the decomposition of leaf litter from four temperate tree species (Fagus sylvatica, Quercus petraea, Carpinus betulus and Tilia platyphyllos) in response to four interacting Factors: elevated CO2-induced changes in litter quality, a 3°C warmer environment during decomposition, changes in litter species composition, and presence/absence of a litter-feeding millipede (Glomeris marginata). Elevated CO2 and temperature had much weaker effects on decomposition than litter species composition and the presence of Glomeris. Mass loss of elevated CO2-grown leaf litter was reduced in Fagus and increased in Fagus/Tilia mixtures, but was not affected in any other leaf litter treatment. Warming increased litter mass loss in Carpinus and Tilia, but not in the other two litter species and in none of the mixtures. The CO2- and temperature-related differences in decomposition disappeared completely when Glomeris was present. Overall, fauna activity stimulated litter mass loss, but to different degrees depending on litter species composition, with a particularly strong effect on Fagus/Tilia mixtures (+58%). Higher fauna-driven mass loss was not followed by higher C mineralization over the relatively short experimental period. Apart from a strong interaction between litter species composition and fauna, the tested Factors had little or no interactive effects on decomposition. We conclude that if global change were to result in substantial shifts in plant community composition and macrofauna abundance in forest ecosystems, these interacting Biotic Factors could have greater impacts on decomposition and biogeochemical cycles than rising atmospheric CO2 concentration and temperature.
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The importance of Biotic Factors in predicting global change effects on decomposition of temperate forest leaf litter
Oecologia, 2010Co-Authors: Soraya Rouifed, Jeanfrancois David, I. Tanya Handa, Stephan HattenschwilerAbstract:Increasing atmospheric CO(2) and temperature are predicted to alter litter decomposition via changes in litter chemistry and environmental conditions. The extent to which these predictions are influenced by Biotic Factors such as litter species composition or decomposer activity, and in particular how these different Factors interact, is not well understood. In a 5-week laboratory experiment we compared the decomposition of leaf litter from four temperate tree species (Fagus sylvatica, Quercus petraea, Carpinus betulus and Tilia platyphyllos) in response to four interacting Factors: elevated CO(2)-induced changes in litter quality, a 3 degrees C warmer environment during decomposition, changes in litter species composition, and presence/absence of a litter-feeding millipede (Glomeris marginata). Elevated CO(2) and temperature had much weaker effects on decomposition than litter species composition and the presence of Glomeris. Mass loss of elevated CO(2)-grown leaf litter was reduced in Fagus and increased in Fagus/Tilia mixtures, but was not affected in any other leaf litter treatment. Warming increased litter mass loss in Carpinus and Tilia, but not in the other two litter species and in none of the mixtures. The CO(2)- and temperature-related differences in decomposition disappeared completely when Glomeris was present. Overall, fauna activity stimulated litter mass loss, but to different degrees depending on litter species composition, with a particularly strong effect on Fagus/Tilia mixtures (+58%). Higher fauna-driven mass loss was not followed by higher C mineralization over the relatively short experimental period. Apart from a strong interaction between litter species composition and fauna, the tested Factors had little or no interactive effects on decomposition. We conclude that if global change were to result in substantial shifts in plant community composition and macrofauna abundance in forest ecosystems, these interacting Biotic Factors could have greater impacts on decomposition and biogeochemical cycles than rising atmospheric CO(2) concentration and temperature.
Katharine N Suding - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Incorporating Biotic Factors in species distribution modeling: are interactions with soil microbes important?
Ecography, 2016Co-Authors: Clifton P De Mesquita, Steven K Schmidt, Andrew J. King, Emily C Farrer, Katharine N SudingAbstract:It is increasingly recognized that species distributions are driven by both aBiotic Factors and Biotic interactions. Despite much recent work incorporating competition, predation, and mutualism into species distribution models (SDMs), the focus has been confined to aboveground macroscopic interactions. Biotic interactions between plants and soil microbial communities are understudied as potentially important drivers of plant distributions. Some soil bacteria promote plant growth by cycling nutrients, while others are pathogenic; thus they have a high potential for influencing plant occurrence. We investigated the influence of soil bacterial clades on the distributions of bryophytes and 12 vascular plant species in a high elevation talus-field ecosystem in the Rocky Mountain Front Range, Colorado, USA. We used an information-theoretic criterion (AICc) modeling approach to compare SDMs with the following different sets of predictors: aBiotic variables, aBiotic variables and other plant abundances, aBiotic variables and soil bacteria clade relative abundances, and a full model with aBiotic Factors, plant abundances, and bacteria relative abundances. We predicted that bacteria would influence plant distributions both positively and negatively, and that these interactions would improve prediction of plant species distributions. We found that inclusion of either plant or bacteria Biotic predictors generally improved the fit, deviance explained, and predictive power of the SDMs, and for the majority of the species, adding information on both other plants and bacteria yielded the best model. Interactions between the modeled species and Biotic predictors were both positive and negative, suggesting the presence of competition, parasitism, and facilitation. While our results indicate that plant–plant co-occurrences are a stronger driver of plant distributions than plant–bacteria co-occurrences, they also show that bacteria can explain parts of plant distributions that remain unexplained by aBiotic and plant predictors. Our results provide further support for including Biotic Factors in SDMs, and suggest that belowground Factors be considered as well.
Neil Reid - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Modelling the influence of Biotic Factors on species distribution patterns
Ecological Modelling, 2016Co-Authors: Katie Leach, W. Ian Montgomery, Neil ReidAbstract:Biotic interactions can have large effects on species distributions yet their role in shaping species ranges is seldom explored due to historical difficulties in incorporating Biotic Factors into models without a priori knowledge on interspecific interactions. Improved SDMs, which account for Biotic Factors and do not require a priori knowledge on species interactions, are needed to fully understand species distributions. Here, we model the influence of aBiotic and Biotic Factors on species distribution patterns and explore the robustness of distributions under future climate change. We fit hierarchical spatial models using Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (INLA) for lagomorph species throughout Europe and test the predictive ability of models containing only aBiotic Factors against models containing aBiotic and Biotic Factors. We account for residual spatial autocorrelation using a conditional autoregressive (CAR) model. Model outputs are used to estimate areas in which aBiotic and Biotic Factors determine species’ ranges. INLA models containing both aBiotic and Biotic Factors had substantially better predictive ability than models containing aBiotic Factors only, for all but one of the four species. In models containing aBiotic and Biotic Factors, both appeared equally important as determinants of lagomorph ranges, but the influences were spatially heterogeneous. Parts of widespread lagomorph ranges highly influenced by Biotic Factors will be less robust to future changes in climate, whereas parts of more localised species ranges highly influenced by the environment may be less robust to future climate. SDMs that do not explicitly include Biotic Factors are potentially misleading and omit a very important source of variation. For the field of species distribution modelling to advance, Biotic Factors must be taken into account in order to improve the reliability of predicting species distribution patterns both presently and under future climate change.