The Experts below are selected from a list of 3048 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Ellie J C Goldstein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • comparative in vitro activity of omadacycline against dog and cat Bite Wound isolates
    Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2018
    Co-Authors: Ellie J C Goldstein, Diane M. Citron, Kerin L Tyrrell, Eliza S Leoncio, Vreni C Merriam
    Abstract:

    Omadacycline was tested against 125 isolates recovered from infected cat and dog Bites in humans. Its activity was similar to that of other compounds in the tetracycline class, and it was active against strains exhibiting tetracycline resistance. Against anaerobic isolates, resistance to tetracyclines was more prominent and omadacycline was the most active of the group. All isolates had omadacycline MICs of <1 μg/ml, with the exception of Eikenella corrodens, which showed reduced susceptibility to the entire tetracycline group.

  • microbiology of animal Bite Wound infections
    Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 2011
    Co-Authors: Fredrick M Abrahamian, Ellie J C Goldstein
    Abstract:

    SUMMARY The microbiology of animal Bite Wound infections in humans is often polymicrobial, with a broad mixture of aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms. Bacteria recovered from infected Bite Wounds are most often reflective of the oral flora of the biting animal, which can also be influenced by the microbiome of their ingested prey and other foods. Bacteria may also originate from the victim9s own skin or the physical environment at the time of injury. Our review has focused on Bite Wound infections in humans from dogs, cats, and a variety of other animals such as monkeys, bears, pigs, ferrets, horses, sheep, Tasmanian devils, snakes, Komodo dragons, monitor lizards, iguanas, alligators/crocodiles, rats, guinea pigs, hamsters, prairie dogs, swans, and sharks. The medical literature in this area has been made up mostly of small case series or case reports. Very few studies have been systematic and are often limited to dog or cat Bite injuries. Limitations of studies include a lack of established or inconsistent criteria for an infected Wound and a failure to utilize optimal techniques in pathogen isolation, especially for anaerobic organisms. There is also a lack of an understanding of the pathogenic significance of all cultured organisms. Gathering information and conducting research in a more systematic and methodical fashion through an organized research network, including zoos, veterinary practices, and rural clinics and hospitals, are needed to better define the microbiology of animal Bite Wound infections in humans.

  • bacteriology of a bear Bite Wound to a human case report
    Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2004
    Co-Authors: Dennis Kunimoto, Diane M. Citron, Robert Rennie, Ellie J C Goldstein
    Abstract:

    Human contact with bears has become more frequent, as has the resultant bear maulings and Bite injuries. We report the bacteriology of a patient bitten by a grizzly bear (Ursus arctos) from the Rocky Mountains foothills area east of Banff National Park, Alberta, Canada. The patient received field care, including metronidazole and cefazolin. Subsequent deep-Wound cultures grew Serratia fonticola, Serratia marcescens, Aeromonas hydrophila, Bacillus cereus, and Enterococcus durans but no anaerobes.

  • comparative in vitro activities of gar 936 against aerobic and anaerobic animal and human Bite Wound pathogens
    Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2000
    Co-Authors: Ellie J C Goldstein, D M Citron, Vreni C Merriam, Yumi A Warren, Kerin Tyrrell
    Abstract:

    GAR-936 is a new semisynthetic glycylcycline with a broad antibacterial spectrum, including tetracycline-resistant strains. The in vitro activities of GAR-936, minocycline, doxycycline, tetracycline, moxifloxacin, penicillin G, and erythromycin were determined by agar dilution methods against 268 aerobic and 148 anaerobic strains of bacteria (including Pasteurella, Eikenella, Moraxella, Bergeyella, Neisseria, EF-4, Bacteroides, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, Fusobacterium, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Corynebacterium, Propionibacterium, Peptostreptococcus, and Actinomyces) isolated from infected human and animal Bite Wounds in humans, including strains resistant to commonly used antimicrobials. GAR-936 was very active, with an MIC at which 90% of the strains are inhiBited (MIC90) of ≤0.25 μg/ml, against all aerobic gram-positive and -negative strains, including tetracycline-resistant strains of Enterococcus, Streptococcus, and coagulase-negative staphylococci, except for Eikenella corrodens (MIC90, ≤4 μg/ml). GAR-936 was also very active against all anaerobic species, including tetracycline-, doxycycline-, and minocycline-resistant strains of Prevotella spp., Porphyromonas spp., Bacteroides tectum, and Peptostreptococcus spp., with an MIC90 of ≤0.25 μg/ml. Erythromycin- and moxifloxacin-resistant fusobacteria were susceptible to GAR-936, with an MIC90 of 0.06 μg/ml.

  • comparative in vitro activities of abt 773 against aerobic and anaerobic pathogens isolated from skin and soft tissue animal and human Bite Wound infections
    Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2000
    Co-Authors: Ellie J C Goldstein, Diane M. Citron, C V Merriam, Yumi A Warren, Kerin L Tyrrell
    Abstract:

    We studied the comparative in vitro activities of ABT-773, a new ketolide, against 268 aerobic and 148 anaerobic recent isolates from clinical Bites using an agar dilution method and inocula of 104 CFU/spot for aerobes and 105 CFU for anaerobes. The following are the MIC ranges and MICs at which 90% of isolates are inhiBited (MIC90s) of ABT-773 for various isolates, respectively: Pasteurella multocida and Pasteurella septica, 0.125 to 2 and 1 μg/ml; other Pasteurella species, 0.125 to 1 and 0.5 μg/ml; Corynebacterium spp., 0.015 to 0.06 and 0.015 μg/ml; Staphylococcus aureus, 0.03 to 0.06 and 0.06 μg/ml; coagulase-negative staphylococci, 0.015 to >32 and 32 μg/ml; streptococci, 0.015 to 0.03 and 0.03 μg/ml; Eikenella corrodens, 0.25 to 1 and 1 μg/ml; and Bergeyella zoohelcum, 0.03 to 0.25 and 0.06 μg/ml. For anaerobes the MIC ranges and MIC90s of ABT-773 were as follows, respectively: Prevotella heparinolytica, 0.06 to 0.125 and 0.125 μg/ml; Prevotella spp., 0.015 to 0.125 and 0.06 μg/ml; Porphyromonas spp., 0.015 to 0.03 and 0.015 μg/ml; Fusobacterium nucleatum, 0.5 to 8 and 8 μg/ml; other Fusobacterium spp., 0.015 to 8 and 0.5 μg/ml; Bacteroides tectum, 0.015 to 0.5 and 0.06 μg/ml; and Peptostreptococcus spp., 0.015 to 0.25 and 0.03 μg/ml. ABT-773 was more active than all macrolides tested against S. aureus, E. corrodens, and anaerobes, but all compounds were poorly active against F. nucleatum. The activity of ABT-773 was within 1 dilution of that of azithromycin against Pasteurella spp., and ABT-773 was four- to eightfold more active than clarithromycin against Pasteurella spp. ABT-773 may offer a therapeutic alternative for Bite Wound infections.

C V Merriam - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • bacteriology of human Bite Wound infections
    Anaerobe, 2003
    Co-Authors: C V Merriam, D M Citron, Kerin Tyrrell, Yumi A Warren, Helen T Fernandez, E J C Goldstein
    Abstract:

    Abstract This study was designed to define the bacteriology of infected soft-tissue Wounds from human Bites, and to compare this with the bacteriology of infected animal Bites in humans as determined in previous studies. The specimens were collected from 57 patients presenting to emergency rooms at 12 locations around the country. Three hundred and eighty organisms were isolated (224 aerobes and 156 anaerobes), for an average of 6.6 per specimen. The most prevalent anaerobes recovered were Prevotella spp. (34%), while streptococci comprised 44% of all aerobic organisms, over half of which were in the “ Streptococcus milleri” group, particularly S. anginosus . The study demonstrated that the pathogens in human Bite infections differ considerably from those present in animal Bites.

  • comparative in vitro activities of abt 773 against aerobic and anaerobic pathogens isolated from skin and soft tissue animal and human Bite Wound infections
    Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2000
    Co-Authors: Ellie J C Goldstein, Diane M. Citron, C V Merriam, Yumi A Warren, Kerin L Tyrrell
    Abstract:

    We studied the comparative in vitro activities of ABT-773, a new ketolide, against 268 aerobic and 148 anaerobic recent isolates from clinical Bites using an agar dilution method and inocula of 104 CFU/spot for aerobes and 105 CFU for anaerobes. The following are the MIC ranges and MICs at which 90% of isolates are inhiBited (MIC90s) of ABT-773 for various isolates, respectively: Pasteurella multocida and Pasteurella septica, 0.125 to 2 and 1 μg/ml; other Pasteurella species, 0.125 to 1 and 0.5 μg/ml; Corynebacterium spp., 0.015 to 0.06 and 0.015 μg/ml; Staphylococcus aureus, 0.03 to 0.06 and 0.06 μg/ml; coagulase-negative staphylococci, 0.015 to >32 and 32 μg/ml; streptococci, 0.015 to 0.03 and 0.03 μg/ml; Eikenella corrodens, 0.25 to 1 and 1 μg/ml; and Bergeyella zoohelcum, 0.03 to 0.25 and 0.06 μg/ml. For anaerobes the MIC ranges and MIC90s of ABT-773 were as follows, respectively: Prevotella heparinolytica, 0.06 to 0.125 and 0.125 μg/ml; Prevotella spp., 0.015 to 0.125 and 0.06 μg/ml; Porphyromonas spp., 0.015 to 0.03 and 0.015 μg/ml; Fusobacterium nucleatum, 0.5 to 8 and 8 μg/ml; other Fusobacterium spp., 0.015 to 8 and 0.5 μg/ml; Bacteroides tectum, 0.015 to 0.5 and 0.06 μg/ml; and Peptostreptococcus spp., 0.015 to 0.25 and 0.03 μg/ml. ABT-773 was more active than all macrolides tested against S. aureus, E. corrodens, and anaerobes, but all compounds were poorly active against F. nucleatum. The activity of ABT-773 was within 1 dilution of that of azithromycin against Pasteurella spp., and ABT-773 was four- to eightfold more active than clarithromycin against Pasteurella spp. ABT-773 may offer a therapeutic alternative for Bite Wound infections.

  • trovafloxacin compared with levofloxacin ofloxacin ciprofloxacin azithromycin and clarithromycin against unusual aerobic and anaerobic human and animal Bite Wound pathogens
    Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 1998
    Co-Authors: E J C Goldstein, D M Citron, Hunt S Gerardo, Marie K Hudspeth, C V Merriam
    Abstract:

    The activity of trovafloxacin and five other oral agents against 250 aerobic and 137 anaerobic strains isolated from human and animal Bite Wounds was determined by an agar dilution method. Trovafloxacin was active against all aerobic and fastidious facultative isolates at < or = 0.5 mg/L and all anaerobes at < or = 2 mg/L (Bacteroides tectum, Porphyromonas salivosa and Prevotella heparinolytica, < or = 0.25 mg/L; Porphyromonas spp., < or = 0.5 mg/L; Prevotella spp. and peptostreptococci, < or = 2.0 mg/L), except Fusobacterium nucleatum and other fusobacteria (MIC90 < or = 4 mg/L). Levofloxacin was generally one to two dilutions more active than ofloxacin, while ciprofloxacin was active against aerobes (MIC < or = 1 mg/L) but less active against anaerobic strains (MIC90 < or = 16 mg/L).

  • in vitro activity of bay 12 8039 a new 8 methoxyquinolone compared to the activities of 11 other oral antimicrobial agents against 390 aerobic and anaerobic bacteria isolated from human and animal Bite Wound skin and soft tissue infections in humans
    Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 1997
    Co-Authors: Ellie J C Goldstein, Diane M. Citron, Hunt S Gerardo, Marie K Hudspeth, C V Merriam
    Abstract:

    The in vitro activity of Bay 12-8039, a new oral 8-methoxyquinolone, was compared to the activities of 11 other oral antimicrobial agents (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, sparfloxacin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, amoxicillin clavulanate, penicillin, cefuroxime, cefpodoxime, and doxycycline) against 250 aerobic and 140 anaerobic bacteria recently isolated from animal and human Bite Wound infections. Bay 12-8039 was active against all aerobic isolates, both gram-positive and gram-negative isolates, at or = 4.0 microg/ml) and one strain of Prevotella loeschii (MICs, 2.0 microg/ml). In comparison, the other quinolones tested had similar in vitro activities against the aerobic strains but were less active against the anaerobes, including peptostreptococci, Porphyromonas species, and Prevotella species. The fusobacteria were relatively resistant to all the antimicrobial agents tested except penicillin G (one penicillinase-producing strain of F. nucleatum was found) and amoxicillin clavulanate.

  • comparative in vitro activities of du 6859a levofloxacin ofloxacin sparfloxacin and ciprofloxacin against 387 aerobic and anaerobic Bite Wound isolates
    Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 1997
    Co-Authors: E J C Goldstein, D M Citron, Hunt S Gerardo, Marie K Hudspeth, C V Merriam
    Abstract:

    The activities of DU-6859a, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, sparfloxacin, and ciprofloxacin against Bite Wound isolates were determined by the agar dilution method. DU-6859a was the most active compound (MICs, < or = 0.125 microg/ml) against all Pasteurella species, Staphylococcus aureus, and streptococci; anaerobes were susceptible to < or = 0.5 microg/ml, except fusobacteria, which were susceptible to < or = 2 microg/ml. Against aerobes, levofloxacin was more active than ofloxacin (MIC at which 90% of isolates are inhiBited [MIC90], < or = 1.0 microg/ml for both) and sparfloxacin and ciprofloxacin were also active (MIC90s, < or = 0.25 and < 1 microg/ml, respectively).

Diane M. Citron - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • comparative in vitro activity of omadacycline against dog and cat Bite Wound isolates
    Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2018
    Co-Authors: Ellie J C Goldstein, Diane M. Citron, Kerin L Tyrrell, Eliza S Leoncio, Vreni C Merriam
    Abstract:

    Omadacycline was tested against 125 isolates recovered from infected cat and dog Bites in humans. Its activity was similar to that of other compounds in the tetracycline class, and it was active against strains exhibiting tetracycline resistance. Against anaerobic isolates, resistance to tetracyclines was more prominent and omadacycline was the most active of the group. All isolates had omadacycline MICs of <1 μg/ml, with the exception of Eikenella corrodens, which showed reduced susceptibility to the entire tetracycline group.

  • bacteriology of a bear Bite Wound to a human case report
    Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2004
    Co-Authors: Dennis Kunimoto, Diane M. Citron, Robert Rennie, Ellie J C Goldstein
    Abstract:

    Human contact with bears has become more frequent, as has the resultant bear maulings and Bite injuries. We report the bacteriology of a patient bitten by a grizzly bear (Ursus arctos) from the Rocky Mountains foothills area east of Banff National Park, Alberta, Canada. The patient received field care, including metronidazole and cefazolin. Subsequent deep-Wound cultures grew Serratia fonticola, Serratia marcescens, Aeromonas hydrophila, Bacillus cereus, and Enterococcus durans but no anaerobes.

  • comparative in vitro activity of ertapenem and 11 other antimicrobial agents against aerobic and anaerobic pathogens isolated from skin and soft tissue animal and human Bite Wound infections
    Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 2001
    Co-Authors: E J C Goldstein, Diane M. Citron, Vreni C Merriam, Yumi A Warren, Kerin L Tyrrell, Helen T Fernandez
    Abstract:

    We studied the comparative in vitro activity of ertapenem, a new carbapenem, against 240 aerobic and 180 anaerobic recent clinical Bite isolates using an agar dilution method and an inoculum of 10(4) cfu/spot for aerobes and 10(5) cfu/spot for anaerobes. Ertapenem inhiBited 410/420 (98%) of the isolates tested at < or = 4 mg/L with only 4/5 Campylobacter gracilis and 1/3 Campylobacter rectus strains requiring . or = 16 mg/L for inhibition. Ertapenem was only moderately active (MIC 8 mg/L) against 4/6 Enterococcus faecalis and 1/11 Staphylococcus epidermidis strains. All Pasteurella multocida, Pasteurella septica, Pasteurella canis, Pasteurella dagmatis, Moraxella spp. and EF-4 isolates were inhiBited at < or = 0.015 mg/L. MIC(90)s for other aerobic genera and species were as follows: Corynebacterium spp., 4 mg/L; Staphylococcus aureus, 0.25 mg/L; Staphylococcus epidermidis, 4 mg/L; other coagulasenegative staphylococci, 0.25 mg/L; Streptococcus milleri group, 0.5 mg/L; Eikenella corrodens, 0.03 mg/L; and Bergeyella zoohelcum, 0.5 mg/L. For anaerobes the range of MICs and MIC(90)s were: Prevotella ssp., < or = 0.015-0.5, 0.125 mg/L; Porphyromonas spp., < or = 0.015-0.03, 0.015 mg/L; Fusobacterium spp., 0.015-0.125, 0.03 mg/L; Bacteroides tectum, 0.03-0.125, 0.125 mg/L; and Peptostreptococcus spp., 0.01-2, 1 mg/L. Ertapenem showed excellent potency against the full range of animal and human Bite Wound pathogens.

  • comparative in vitro activities of abt 773 against aerobic and anaerobic pathogens isolated from skin and soft tissue animal and human Bite Wound infections
    Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2000
    Co-Authors: Ellie J C Goldstein, Diane M. Citron, C V Merriam, Yumi A Warren, Kerin L Tyrrell
    Abstract:

    We studied the comparative in vitro activities of ABT-773, a new ketolide, against 268 aerobic and 148 anaerobic recent isolates from clinical Bites using an agar dilution method and inocula of 104 CFU/spot for aerobes and 105 CFU for anaerobes. The following are the MIC ranges and MICs at which 90% of isolates are inhiBited (MIC90s) of ABT-773 for various isolates, respectively: Pasteurella multocida and Pasteurella septica, 0.125 to 2 and 1 μg/ml; other Pasteurella species, 0.125 to 1 and 0.5 μg/ml; Corynebacterium spp., 0.015 to 0.06 and 0.015 μg/ml; Staphylococcus aureus, 0.03 to 0.06 and 0.06 μg/ml; coagulase-negative staphylococci, 0.015 to >32 and 32 μg/ml; streptococci, 0.015 to 0.03 and 0.03 μg/ml; Eikenella corrodens, 0.25 to 1 and 1 μg/ml; and Bergeyella zoohelcum, 0.03 to 0.25 and 0.06 μg/ml. For anaerobes the MIC ranges and MIC90s of ABT-773 were as follows, respectively: Prevotella heparinolytica, 0.06 to 0.125 and 0.125 μg/ml; Prevotella spp., 0.015 to 0.125 and 0.06 μg/ml; Porphyromonas spp., 0.015 to 0.03 and 0.015 μg/ml; Fusobacterium nucleatum, 0.5 to 8 and 8 μg/ml; other Fusobacterium spp., 0.015 to 8 and 0.5 μg/ml; Bacteroides tectum, 0.015 to 0.5 and 0.06 μg/ml; and Peptostreptococcus spp., 0.015 to 0.25 and 0.03 μg/ml. ABT-773 was more active than all macrolides tested against S. aureus, E. corrodens, and anaerobes, but all compounds were poorly active against F. nucleatum. The activity of ABT-773 was within 1 dilution of that of azithromycin against Pasteurella spp., and ABT-773 was four- to eightfold more active than clarithromycin against Pasteurella spp. ABT-773 may offer a therapeutic alternative for Bite Wound infections.

  • in vitro activity of bay 12 8039 a new 8 methoxyquinolone compared to the activities of 11 other oral antimicrobial agents against 390 aerobic and anaerobic bacteria isolated from human and animal Bite Wound skin and soft tissue infections in humans
    Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 1997
    Co-Authors: Ellie J C Goldstein, Diane M. Citron, Hunt S Gerardo, Marie K Hudspeth, C V Merriam
    Abstract:

    The in vitro activity of Bay 12-8039, a new oral 8-methoxyquinolone, was compared to the activities of 11 other oral antimicrobial agents (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, sparfloxacin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, amoxicillin clavulanate, penicillin, cefuroxime, cefpodoxime, and doxycycline) against 250 aerobic and 140 anaerobic bacteria recently isolated from animal and human Bite Wound infections. Bay 12-8039 was active against all aerobic isolates, both gram-positive and gram-negative isolates, at or = 4.0 microg/ml) and one strain of Prevotella loeschii (MICs, 2.0 microg/ml). In comparison, the other quinolones tested had similar in vitro activities against the aerobic strains but were less active against the anaerobes, including peptostreptococci, Porphyromonas species, and Prevotella species. The fusobacteria were relatively resistant to all the antimicrobial agents tested except penicillin G (one penicillinase-producing strain of F. nucleatum was found) and amoxicillin clavulanate.

E J C Goldstein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • anaerobic Bite Wound isolates ciprofloxacin against 387 aerobic and levofloxacin ofloxacin sparfloxacin and comparative in vitro activities of du 6859a
    2013
    Co-Authors: E J C Goldstein, D M Citron, Hunt S Gerardo, Marie K Hudspeth
    Abstract:

    Abstracts of the 34thInterscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C.10. Murray, P. R., E. J. Baron, M. A. Pfaller, F. C. Tenover, and R. H. Yolken. 1995. Manual of clinical microbiology, 6th ed. American Society for Micro-biology, Washington, D.C.11. National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. 1993. Methods forantimicrobial susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria, 3rd ed. Approvedstandard. National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards publicationM11-A3. National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards, Villanova,Pa.12. National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. 1993. Method fordilution antimicrobial susceptibility testing for bacteria that grow aerobically,3rd ed. Approved standard. National Committee for Clinical LaboratoryStandards publication M7-A3. National Committee for Clinical LaboratoryStandards, Villanova, Pa.13. Neu, H. C., and N.-X. Chin. 1989. In vitro activity of S -ofloxacin. Antimicrob.Agents Chemother.

  • bacteriology of human Bite Wound infections
    Anaerobe, 2003
    Co-Authors: C V Merriam, D M Citron, Kerin Tyrrell, Yumi A Warren, Helen T Fernandez, E J C Goldstein
    Abstract:

    Abstract This study was designed to define the bacteriology of infected soft-tissue Wounds from human Bites, and to compare this with the bacteriology of infected animal Bites in humans as determined in previous studies. The specimens were collected from 57 patients presenting to emergency rooms at 12 locations around the country. Three hundred and eighty organisms were isolated (224 aerobes and 156 anaerobes), for an average of 6.6 per specimen. The most prevalent anaerobes recovered were Prevotella spp. (34%), while streptococci comprised 44% of all aerobic organisms, over half of which were in the “ Streptococcus milleri” group, particularly S. anginosus . The study demonstrated that the pathogens in human Bite infections differ considerably from those present in animal Bites.

  • comparative in vitro activity of ertapenem and 11 other antimicrobial agents against aerobic and anaerobic pathogens isolated from skin and soft tissue animal and human Bite Wound infections
    Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 2001
    Co-Authors: E J C Goldstein, Diane M. Citron, Vreni C Merriam, Yumi A Warren, Kerin L Tyrrell, Helen T Fernandez
    Abstract:

    We studied the comparative in vitro activity of ertapenem, a new carbapenem, against 240 aerobic and 180 anaerobic recent clinical Bite isolates using an agar dilution method and an inoculum of 10(4) cfu/spot for aerobes and 10(5) cfu/spot for anaerobes. Ertapenem inhiBited 410/420 (98%) of the isolates tested at < or = 4 mg/L with only 4/5 Campylobacter gracilis and 1/3 Campylobacter rectus strains requiring . or = 16 mg/L for inhibition. Ertapenem was only moderately active (MIC 8 mg/L) against 4/6 Enterococcus faecalis and 1/11 Staphylococcus epidermidis strains. All Pasteurella multocida, Pasteurella septica, Pasteurella canis, Pasteurella dagmatis, Moraxella spp. and EF-4 isolates were inhiBited at < or = 0.015 mg/L. MIC(90)s for other aerobic genera and species were as follows: Corynebacterium spp., 4 mg/L; Staphylococcus aureus, 0.25 mg/L; Staphylococcus epidermidis, 4 mg/L; other coagulasenegative staphylococci, 0.25 mg/L; Streptococcus milleri group, 0.5 mg/L; Eikenella corrodens, 0.03 mg/L; and Bergeyella zoohelcum, 0.5 mg/L. For anaerobes the range of MICs and MIC(90)s were: Prevotella ssp., < or = 0.015-0.5, 0.125 mg/L; Porphyromonas spp., < or = 0.015-0.03, 0.015 mg/L; Fusobacterium spp., 0.015-0.125, 0.03 mg/L; Bacteroides tectum, 0.03-0.125, 0.125 mg/L; and Peptostreptococcus spp., 0.01-2, 1 mg/L. Ertapenem showed excellent potency against the full range of animal and human Bite Wound pathogens.

  • trovafloxacin compared with levofloxacin ofloxacin ciprofloxacin azithromycin and clarithromycin against unusual aerobic and anaerobic human and animal Bite Wound pathogens
    Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 1998
    Co-Authors: E J C Goldstein, D M Citron, Hunt S Gerardo, Marie K Hudspeth, C V Merriam
    Abstract:

    The activity of trovafloxacin and five other oral agents against 250 aerobic and 137 anaerobic strains isolated from human and animal Bite Wounds was determined by an agar dilution method. Trovafloxacin was active against all aerobic and fastidious facultative isolates at < or = 0.5 mg/L and all anaerobes at < or = 2 mg/L (Bacteroides tectum, Porphyromonas salivosa and Prevotella heparinolytica, < or = 0.25 mg/L; Porphyromonas spp., < or = 0.5 mg/L; Prevotella spp. and peptostreptococci, < or = 2.0 mg/L), except Fusobacterium nucleatum and other fusobacteria (MIC90 < or = 4 mg/L). Levofloxacin was generally one to two dilutions more active than ofloxacin, while ciprofloxacin was active against aerobes (MIC < or = 1 mg/L) but less active against anaerobic strains (MIC90 < or = 16 mg/L).

  • comparative in vitro activities of du 6859a levofloxacin ofloxacin sparfloxacin and ciprofloxacin against 387 aerobic and anaerobic Bite Wound isolates
    Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 1997
    Co-Authors: E J C Goldstein, D M Citron, Hunt S Gerardo, Marie K Hudspeth, C V Merriam
    Abstract:

    The activities of DU-6859a, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, sparfloxacin, and ciprofloxacin against Bite Wound isolates were determined by the agar dilution method. DU-6859a was the most active compound (MICs, < or = 0.125 microg/ml) against all Pasteurella species, Staphylococcus aureus, and streptococci; anaerobes were susceptible to < or = 0.5 microg/ml, except fusobacteria, which were susceptible to < or = 2 microg/ml. Against aerobes, levofloxacin was more active than ofloxacin (MIC at which 90% of isolates are inhiBited [MIC90], < or = 1.0 microg/ml for both) and sparfloxacin and ciprofloxacin were also active (MIC90s, < or = 0.25 and < 1 microg/ml, respectively).

Yumi A Warren - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • bacteriology of human Bite Wound infections
    Anaerobe, 2003
    Co-Authors: C V Merriam, D M Citron, Kerin Tyrrell, Yumi A Warren, Helen T Fernandez, E J C Goldstein
    Abstract:

    Abstract This study was designed to define the bacteriology of infected soft-tissue Wounds from human Bites, and to compare this with the bacteriology of infected animal Bites in humans as determined in previous studies. The specimens were collected from 57 patients presenting to emergency rooms at 12 locations around the country. Three hundred and eighty organisms were isolated (224 aerobes and 156 anaerobes), for an average of 6.6 per specimen. The most prevalent anaerobes recovered were Prevotella spp. (34%), while streptococci comprised 44% of all aerobic organisms, over half of which were in the “ Streptococcus milleri” group, particularly S. anginosus . The study demonstrated that the pathogens in human Bite infections differ considerably from those present in animal Bites.

  • comparative in vitro activity of ertapenem and 11 other antimicrobial agents against aerobic and anaerobic pathogens isolated from skin and soft tissue animal and human Bite Wound infections
    Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 2001
    Co-Authors: E J C Goldstein, Diane M. Citron, Vreni C Merriam, Yumi A Warren, Kerin L Tyrrell, Helen T Fernandez
    Abstract:

    We studied the comparative in vitro activity of ertapenem, a new carbapenem, against 240 aerobic and 180 anaerobic recent clinical Bite isolates using an agar dilution method and an inoculum of 10(4) cfu/spot for aerobes and 10(5) cfu/spot for anaerobes. Ertapenem inhiBited 410/420 (98%) of the isolates tested at < or = 4 mg/L with only 4/5 Campylobacter gracilis and 1/3 Campylobacter rectus strains requiring . or = 16 mg/L for inhibition. Ertapenem was only moderately active (MIC 8 mg/L) against 4/6 Enterococcus faecalis and 1/11 Staphylococcus epidermidis strains. All Pasteurella multocida, Pasteurella septica, Pasteurella canis, Pasteurella dagmatis, Moraxella spp. and EF-4 isolates were inhiBited at < or = 0.015 mg/L. MIC(90)s for other aerobic genera and species were as follows: Corynebacterium spp., 4 mg/L; Staphylococcus aureus, 0.25 mg/L; Staphylococcus epidermidis, 4 mg/L; other coagulasenegative staphylococci, 0.25 mg/L; Streptococcus milleri group, 0.5 mg/L; Eikenella corrodens, 0.03 mg/L; and Bergeyella zoohelcum, 0.5 mg/L. For anaerobes the range of MICs and MIC(90)s were: Prevotella ssp., < or = 0.015-0.5, 0.125 mg/L; Porphyromonas spp., < or = 0.015-0.03, 0.015 mg/L; Fusobacterium spp., 0.015-0.125, 0.03 mg/L; Bacteroides tectum, 0.03-0.125, 0.125 mg/L; and Peptostreptococcus spp., 0.01-2, 1 mg/L. Ertapenem showed excellent potency against the full range of animal and human Bite Wound pathogens.

  • comparative in vitro activities of gar 936 against aerobic and anaerobic animal and human Bite Wound pathogens
    Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2000
    Co-Authors: Ellie J C Goldstein, D M Citron, Vreni C Merriam, Yumi A Warren, Kerin Tyrrell
    Abstract:

    GAR-936 is a new semisynthetic glycylcycline with a broad antibacterial spectrum, including tetracycline-resistant strains. The in vitro activities of GAR-936, minocycline, doxycycline, tetracycline, moxifloxacin, penicillin G, and erythromycin were determined by agar dilution methods against 268 aerobic and 148 anaerobic strains of bacteria (including Pasteurella, Eikenella, Moraxella, Bergeyella, Neisseria, EF-4, Bacteroides, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, Fusobacterium, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Corynebacterium, Propionibacterium, Peptostreptococcus, and Actinomyces) isolated from infected human and animal Bite Wounds in humans, including strains resistant to commonly used antimicrobials. GAR-936 was very active, with an MIC at which 90% of the strains are inhiBited (MIC90) of ≤0.25 μg/ml, against all aerobic gram-positive and -negative strains, including tetracycline-resistant strains of Enterococcus, Streptococcus, and coagulase-negative staphylococci, except for Eikenella corrodens (MIC90, ≤4 μg/ml). GAR-936 was also very active against all anaerobic species, including tetracycline-, doxycycline-, and minocycline-resistant strains of Prevotella spp., Porphyromonas spp., Bacteroides tectum, and Peptostreptococcus spp., with an MIC90 of ≤0.25 μg/ml. Erythromycin- and moxifloxacin-resistant fusobacteria were susceptible to GAR-936, with an MIC90 of 0.06 μg/ml.

  • comparative in vitro activities of abt 773 against aerobic and anaerobic pathogens isolated from skin and soft tissue animal and human Bite Wound infections
    Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2000
    Co-Authors: Ellie J C Goldstein, Diane M. Citron, C V Merriam, Yumi A Warren, Kerin L Tyrrell
    Abstract:

    We studied the comparative in vitro activities of ABT-773, a new ketolide, against 268 aerobic and 148 anaerobic recent isolates from clinical Bites using an agar dilution method and inocula of 104 CFU/spot for aerobes and 105 CFU for anaerobes. The following are the MIC ranges and MICs at which 90% of isolates are inhiBited (MIC90s) of ABT-773 for various isolates, respectively: Pasteurella multocida and Pasteurella septica, 0.125 to 2 and 1 μg/ml; other Pasteurella species, 0.125 to 1 and 0.5 μg/ml; Corynebacterium spp., 0.015 to 0.06 and 0.015 μg/ml; Staphylococcus aureus, 0.03 to 0.06 and 0.06 μg/ml; coagulase-negative staphylococci, 0.015 to >32 and 32 μg/ml; streptococci, 0.015 to 0.03 and 0.03 μg/ml; Eikenella corrodens, 0.25 to 1 and 1 μg/ml; and Bergeyella zoohelcum, 0.03 to 0.25 and 0.06 μg/ml. For anaerobes the MIC ranges and MIC90s of ABT-773 were as follows, respectively: Prevotella heparinolytica, 0.06 to 0.125 and 0.125 μg/ml; Prevotella spp., 0.015 to 0.125 and 0.06 μg/ml; Porphyromonas spp., 0.015 to 0.03 and 0.015 μg/ml; Fusobacterium nucleatum, 0.5 to 8 and 8 μg/ml; other Fusobacterium spp., 0.015 to 8 and 0.5 μg/ml; Bacteroides tectum, 0.015 to 0.5 and 0.06 μg/ml; and Peptostreptococcus spp., 0.015 to 0.25 and 0.03 μg/ml. ABT-773 was more active than all macrolides tested against S. aureus, E. corrodens, and anaerobes, but all compounds were poorly active against F. nucleatum. The activity of ABT-773 was within 1 dilution of that of azithromycin against Pasteurella spp., and ABT-773 was four- to eightfold more active than clarithromycin against Pasteurella spp. ABT-773 may offer a therapeutic alternative for Bite Wound infections.

  • activity of gatifloxacin compared to those of five other quinolones versus aerobic and anaerobic isolates from skin and soft tissue samples of human and animal Bite Wound infections
    Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 1999
    Co-Authors: Ellie J C Goldstein, D M Citron, Vreni C Merriam, Kerin Tyrrell, Yumi A Warren
    Abstract:

    The activity of gatifloxacin against 308 aerobes and 112 anaerobes isolated from Bite Wound infections was studied. Gatifloxacin was active at ≤0.016 μg/ml against all 148 Pasteurella isolates (eight species and three subspecies) tested and all other aerobes tested, including Actinobacillus-Haemophilus spp., Eikenella corrodens, Neisseria weaveri, Weeksella zoohelcum, staphylococci, and streptococci. Fusobacteria were sometimes resistant. Gatifloxacin MICs at which 90% of the isolates were inhiBited were 0.125 μg/ml against Bacteroides tectum and Prevotella spp., 0.25 μg/ml against Porphyromonas spp., and 0.5 μg/ml against peptostreptococci.