The Experts below are selected from a list of 2127 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
T M Young - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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on the material characterisation of wind turbine Blade coatings the effect of interphase coating laminate adhesion on rain erosion performance
Materials, 2017Co-Authors: Enrique Cortes, F Sanchez, Anthony Ocarroll, Orja Madramany, Mark Hardima, T M YoungAbstract:Rain erosion damage, caused by repeated droplet impact on wind turbine Blades, is a major cause for concern, even more so at offshore locations with larger Blades and higher tip speeds. Due to the negative economic influence of Blade erosion, all wind turbine Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) are actively seeking solutions. In most cases, since the surface coating plays a decisive role in the Blade Manufacture and overall performance, it has been identified as an area where a solution may be obtained. In this research, two main coating technologies have been considered: In-mould coatings (Gel coating) applied during moulding on the entire Blade surface and the post-mould coatings specifically developed for Leading Edge Protection (LEP). The coating adhesion and erosion is affected by the shock waves created by the collapsing water droplets on impact. The stress waves are reflected and transmitted to the laminate substrate, so microstructural discontinuities in coating layers and interfaces play a key role on its degradation and may accelerate erosion by delamination. Analytical and numerical models are commonly used to relate lifetime prediction and to identify suitable coating and composite substrate combinations based on their potential stress reduction on the interface. Nevertheless, in order to use them, it is necessary to measure the contact adhesion resistance of the multi-layered system interfaces. The rain erosion performance is assessed using an accelerated testing technique, whereby the test material is repeatedly impacted at high speed with water droplets in a Whirling Arm Rain Erosion Rig (WARER). The materials, specifically the coating–laminate interphase region and acoustic properties, are further characterised by several laboratory tests, including Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), pull-off testing, peeling–adhesion testing and nanoindentation testing. This body of work includes a number of case studies. The first case study compares two of the main coating technologies used in industry (i.e., gel coating and LEP); the second case investigates the effects of the in-mould gel coating curing; and the third considers the inclusion of a primer layer on a LEP configuration system. Following these case studies, the LEP is found to be a far superior coating due to its appropriate mechanical and acoustic properties and the interface between the coating and the substrate is highlighted as a key aspect, as poor adhesion can lead to delamination and, ultimately, premature failure of the coating.
João A. Labrincha - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Incorporation of glass fibre fabrics waste into geopolymer matrices: An eco-friendly solution for off-cuts coming from wind turbine Blade production
Construction and Building Materials, 2018Co-Authors: Rui M Novais, João Carvalheiras, M.n. Capela, Robert C. Pullar, Maria P. Seabra, João A. LabrinchaAbstract:Abstract In this investigation, an innovative and sustainable solution for glass fibre off-cuts is proposed. For the first time, glass fibre fabrics (non-woven mat) produced during wind turbine Blade Manufacture were used to produce reinforced inorganic polymer composites. The influence of fabric amount on the composites’ microstructure, water absorption, strength and apparent density was investigated. Results show that the fabrics exhibited an impressive flexural strength gain (up to 144%) at the 28th day, when compared to the non-reinforced geopolymer, while simultaneously increasing the composites’ ductility. This feature may extend the application range of such geopolymers. Moreover, the fabric prevents the complete collapse of the composites upon failure, while the matrix alone fails catastrophically under load.
Enrique Cortes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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on the material characterisation of wind turbine Blade coatings the effect of interphase coating laminate adhesion on rain erosion performance
Materials, 2017Co-Authors: Enrique Cortes, F Sanchez, Anthony Ocarroll, Orja Madramany, Mark Hardima, T M YoungAbstract:Rain erosion damage, caused by repeated droplet impact on wind turbine Blades, is a major cause for concern, even more so at offshore locations with larger Blades and higher tip speeds. Due to the negative economic influence of Blade erosion, all wind turbine Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) are actively seeking solutions. In most cases, since the surface coating plays a decisive role in the Blade Manufacture and overall performance, it has been identified as an area where a solution may be obtained. In this research, two main coating technologies have been considered: In-mould coatings (Gel coating) applied during moulding on the entire Blade surface and the post-mould coatings specifically developed for Leading Edge Protection (LEP). The coating adhesion and erosion is affected by the shock waves created by the collapsing water droplets on impact. The stress waves are reflected and transmitted to the laminate substrate, so microstructural discontinuities in coating layers and interfaces play a key role on its degradation and may accelerate erosion by delamination. Analytical and numerical models are commonly used to relate lifetime prediction and to identify suitable coating and composite substrate combinations based on their potential stress reduction on the interface. Nevertheless, in order to use them, it is necessary to measure the contact adhesion resistance of the multi-layered system interfaces. The rain erosion performance is assessed using an accelerated testing technique, whereby the test material is repeatedly impacted at high speed with water droplets in a Whirling Arm Rain Erosion Rig (WARER). The materials, specifically the coating–laminate interphase region and acoustic properties, are further characterised by several laboratory tests, including Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), pull-off testing, peeling–adhesion testing and nanoindentation testing. This body of work includes a number of case studies. The first case study compares two of the main coating technologies used in industry (i.e., gel coating and LEP); the second case investigates the effects of the in-mould gel coating curing; and the third considers the inclusion of a primer layer on a LEP configuration system. Following these case studies, the LEP is found to be a far superior coating due to its appropriate mechanical and acoustic properties and the interface between the coating and the substrate is highlighted as a key aspect, as poor adhesion can lead to delamination and, ultimately, premature failure of the coating.
I. A. Belunik - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Restoration of metal properties of circulation pump Blades by the method of surface ultrasonic impact treatment
Thermal Engineering, 2017Co-Authors: V. P. Povarov, O. V. Urazov, M. B. Bakirov, S. S. Pakhomov, I. A. BelunikAbstract:During the transition period to a market economy, the works producing equipment for the nuclear industry became lame duck companies. The market of heavy industry equipment reduced dramatically, and quality control requirements imposed to goods became lower. Deviations from regulations' requirements and technical specifications for equipment Manufacture results in inevitable decrease of reliability during operation but also to failure during check tests. It is not always possible to replace promptly ill-conditioned equipment; in such cases, it is necessary to carry out compensatory measures for restoring working properties up to an acceptable level in order to ensure operational reliability due to the strength improvement of the components of machines and constructions during the whole service life or up to the scheduled date of equipment replacement. This paper is dedicated to development and practical implementation of restorative technology of strengthening ultrasonic treatment used for the metal of the Blades of impellers of 16DPA10-28 circulation pumps of 10URS unit pump station located at Novovoronezh NPP-2. The dynamic surface treatment was implemented for compensating the technological defects of the metal of Blades. It was revealed that the impact elastic-plastic deformation has a comprehensive compensation effect on the metal of Blades in the initial state of delivery and creates the surface-strengthening layer with higher strength properties (strain hardening) of the depth up to 1.5 mm. The surface strain hardening increases the cyclic strength, re-distributes beneficially the residual technological and repair stresses, and heals small surface cracks improving the surface quality. The developed technology was used for treatment of 32 Blades of impellers of 10PAC01AP001, 10PAC02AP001, 10PAC03AP001, 10PAC04AP001 circulation pumps. The implemented 100-h full-scale test of the pumps revealed the high efficiency of the developed technology and made it possible to recommend it for application at both the stage of Blade Manufacture and during the pump operation for prolongation of their service life.
Rui M Novais - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Incorporation of glass fibre fabrics waste into geopolymer matrices: An eco-friendly solution for off-cuts coming from wind turbine Blade production
Construction and Building Materials, 2018Co-Authors: Rui M Novais, João Carvalheiras, M.n. Capela, Robert C. Pullar, Maria P. Seabra, João A. LabrinchaAbstract:Abstract In this investigation, an innovative and sustainable solution for glass fibre off-cuts is proposed. For the first time, glass fibre fabrics (non-woven mat) produced during wind turbine Blade Manufacture were used to produce reinforced inorganic polymer composites. The influence of fabric amount on the composites’ microstructure, water absorption, strength and apparent density was investigated. Results show that the fabrics exhibited an impressive flexural strength gain (up to 144%) at the 28th day, when compared to the non-reinforced geopolymer, while simultaneously increasing the composites’ ductility. This feature may extend the application range of such geopolymers. Moreover, the fabric prevents the complete collapse of the composites upon failure, while the matrix alone fails catastrophically under load.