The Experts below are selected from a list of 1107 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Qin Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
pervasive introgression facilitated domestication and adaptation in the Bos species complex
Nature Ecology and Evolution, 2018Co-Authors: Xiangdong Ding, Sheng Wang, Jan M Wojcik, Yi Zhang, Malgorzata Tokarska, Mingshan Wang, Omar Faruque, Rasmus Nielsen, Qin ZhangAbstract:Species of the Bos Genus, including taurine cattle, zebu, gayal, gaur, banteng, yak, wisent and bison, have been domesticated at least four times and have been an important source of meat, milk and power for many human cultures. We sequence the genomes of gayal, gaur, banteng, wisent and bison, and provide population genomic sequencing of an additional 98 individuals. We use these data to determine the phylogeny and evolutionary history of these species and show that the threatened gayal is an independent species or subspecies. We show that there has been pronounced introgression among different members of this Genus, and that it in many cases has involved genes of considerable adaptive importance. For example, genes under domestication selection in cattle (for example, MITF) were introgressed from domestic cattle to yak. Also, genes in the response-to-hypoxia pathway (for example, EGLN1, EGLN2 and HIF3a) have been introgressed from yak to Tibetan cattle, probably facilitating their adaptation to high altitude. We also validate that there is an association between the introgressed EGLN1 allele and haemoglobin and red blood cell concentration. Our results illustrate the importance of introgression as a source of adaptive variation and during domestication, and suggest that the Bos Genus evolves as a complex of genetically interconnected species with shared evolutionary trajectories.
Mingshan Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
pervasive introgression facilitated domestication and adaptation in the Bos species complex
Nature Ecology and Evolution, 2018Co-Authors: Xiangdong Ding, Sheng Wang, Jan M Wojcik, Yi Zhang, Malgorzata Tokarska, Mingshan Wang, Omar Faruque, Rasmus Nielsen, Qin ZhangAbstract:Species of the Bos Genus, including taurine cattle, zebu, gayal, gaur, banteng, yak, wisent and bison, have been domesticated at least four times and have been an important source of meat, milk and power for many human cultures. We sequence the genomes of gayal, gaur, banteng, wisent and bison, and provide population genomic sequencing of an additional 98 individuals. We use these data to determine the phylogeny and evolutionary history of these species and show that the threatened gayal is an independent species or subspecies. We show that there has been pronounced introgression among different members of this Genus, and that it in many cases has involved genes of considerable adaptive importance. For example, genes under domestication selection in cattle (for example, MITF) were introgressed from domestic cattle to yak. Also, genes in the response-to-hypoxia pathway (for example, EGLN1, EGLN2 and HIF3a) have been introgressed from yak to Tibetan cattle, probably facilitating their adaptation to high altitude. We also validate that there is an association between the introgressed EGLN1 allele and haemoglobin and red blood cell concentration. Our results illustrate the importance of introgression as a source of adaptive variation and during domestication, and suggest that the Bos Genus evolves as a complex of genetically interconnected species with shared evolutionary trajectories.
Xiangdong Ding - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
pervasive introgression facilitated domestication and adaptation in the Bos species complex
Nature Ecology and Evolution, 2018Co-Authors: Xiangdong Ding, Sheng Wang, Jan M Wojcik, Yi Zhang, Malgorzata Tokarska, Mingshan Wang, Omar Faruque, Rasmus Nielsen, Qin ZhangAbstract:Species of the Bos Genus, including taurine cattle, zebu, gayal, gaur, banteng, yak, wisent and bison, have been domesticated at least four times and have been an important source of meat, milk and power for many human cultures. We sequence the genomes of gayal, gaur, banteng, wisent and bison, and provide population genomic sequencing of an additional 98 individuals. We use these data to determine the phylogeny and evolutionary history of these species and show that the threatened gayal is an independent species or subspecies. We show that there has been pronounced introgression among different members of this Genus, and that it in many cases has involved genes of considerable adaptive importance. For example, genes under domestication selection in cattle (for example, MITF) were introgressed from domestic cattle to yak. Also, genes in the response-to-hypoxia pathway (for example, EGLN1, EGLN2 and HIF3a) have been introgressed from yak to Tibetan cattle, probably facilitating their adaptation to high altitude. We also validate that there is an association between the introgressed EGLN1 allele and haemoglobin and red blood cell concentration. Our results illustrate the importance of introgression as a source of adaptive variation and during domestication, and suggest that the Bos Genus evolves as a complex of genetically interconnected species with shared evolutionary trajectories.
G Durso - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
genetic polymorphism of milk proteins in some Bos Genus populations
Italian Journal of Animal Science, 2011Co-Authors: Donata Marletta, Salvatore Bordonaro, E Budelli, G Tirella, A M Guastella, G DursoAbstract:In cattle the analysis of the genetic polymorphism of milk proteins provides an effective tool both to characterize the genetic diversity and to improve the efficiency of selection for specific production traits. Four genes, αS1-casein (CSN1S1), β-casein (CSN2), κ-casein (CSN3) and β-lactoglobulin (BLG) have showed a high level of genetic polymorphism and are candidate to play a role in selection programmes in order to improve milk production. In this work three Bos Genus populations, one taurine breed autochthonous of South-East of Sicily (Modicana) and two Bos indicus populations (Azaouak and Gudali) reared in Niger and Cameroon, respectively,
Philippe Schaeffer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Identification of the earliest collagen- and plant-based coatings from Neolithic artefacts (Nahal Hemar cave, Israel)
Scientific Reports, 2016Co-Authors: Caroline Solazzo, Blandine Courel, Holly Barden, Sheila Taylor, Pierre Adam, Bart E. Van Dongen, Beatrice Demarchi, Kirsty Penkman, Jacques Connan, Philippe SchaefferAbstract:Mortuary practices in human evolution record cognitive, social changes and technological innovations. The Neolithic Revolution in the Levant was a watershed in this domain that has long fascinated the archaeological community. Plaster modelled skulls are well known at Jericho and several other Neolithic sites, and in Nahal Hemar cave (Israel, ca. 8200 - 7300 cal. BC) excavations yielded six unique human skulls covered with a black organic coating applied in a net pattern evoking a headdress. This small cave was used as storage for paraphernalia in the semi-arid area of the Judean desert and the dry conditions preserved other artefacts such as baskets coated with a similar dark substance. While previous analysis had revealed the presence of amino acids consistent with a collagen signature, in the present report, specific biomarkers were characterised using combined proteomic and lipid approaches. Basket samples yielded collagen and blood proteins of bovine origin (Bos Genus) and a large sequence coverage of a plant protein charybdin (Charybdis Genus). The skull residue samples were dominated by benzoate and cinnamate derivatives and triterpenes consistent with a styrax-type resin (Styrax officinalis), thus providing the earliest known evidence of an odoriferous plant resin used in combination with an animal product.