Bottom Sediment

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Till J J Hanebuth - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Storm‐driven Bottom Sediment transport on a high‐energy narrow shelf (NW Iberia) and development of mud depocenters
    Journal of Geophysical Research, 2016
    Co-Authors: Wenyan Zhang, Ana Santos, Till J J Hanebuth
    Abstract:

    Bottom Sediment transport on the NW Iberian shelf was monitored during a downwelling storm in September 2014. Collected data was analyzed and fed into a 3D coastal ocean model to understand storm-driven Sediment transport on the shelf and its impact on mid-shelf mud depocenters (MDCs). A significantly enhanced level of Bottom Sediment resuspension, nearly two orders of magnitude higher than that in the pre-storm period, was recorded at the mooring site. Field data analysis reveals that it was induced by a short-lasting strong Bottom current in combination with enhanced wave-current interaction. Simulation results indicate that this strong current was part of a coastal jet resulted from downwelling. An across-shelf horizontal density gradient as high as 0.32 g/m4 occurred at the interface between the downwelling and the Bottom waters, forming a remarkable front. Due to buoyancy effect, the downwelling water was mostly confined to the coast with a depth limit of 80 m in the south and 120 m in the north of the region, resulting in a northward-directed coastal jet. Simulation results suggest that during the storm, local near-Bottom Sediment suspensions with concentrations on the order of 10 kg/m3 would be triggered by wave-current interaction and flow convergence associated with the front. Direct impact on the development of MDCs by transport and deposition of concentrated Sediment suspensions is indicated by model results. The seaward limit of the front coincided with the shoreward edge of the MDC nucleus, suggesting the front as a primary control on the deposition of fine-grained Sediment. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

  • storm driven Bottom Sediment transport on a high energy narrow shelf nw iberia and development of mud depocenters
    Journal of Geophysical Research, 2016
    Co-Authors: Wenyan Zhang, Ana Santos, Till J J Hanebuth
    Abstract:

    Bottom Sediment transport on the NW Iberian shelf was monitored during a downwelling storm in September 2014. Collected data was analyzed and fed into a 3D coastal ocean model to understand storm-driven Sediment transport on the shelf and its impact on mid-shelf mud depocenters (MDCs). A significantly enhanced level of Bottom Sediment resuspension, nearly two orders of magnitude higher than that in the pre-storm period, was recorded at the mooring site. Field data analysis reveals that it was induced by a short-lasting strong Bottom current in combination with enhanced wave-current interaction. Simulation results indicate that this strong current was part of a coastal jet resulted from downwelling. An across-shelf horizontal density gradient as high as 0.32 g/m4 occurred at the interface between the downwelling and the Bottom waters, forming a remarkable front. Due to buoyancy effect, the downwelling water was mostly confined to the coast with a depth limit of 80 m in the south and 120 m in the north of the region, resulting in a northward-directed coastal jet. Simulation results suggest that during the storm, local near-Bottom Sediment suspensions with concentrations on the order of 10 kg/m3 would be triggered by wave-current interaction and flow convergence associated with the front. Direct impact on the development of MDCs by transport and deposition of concentrated Sediment suspensions is indicated by model results. The seaward limit of the front coincided with the shoreward edge of the MDC nucleus, suggesting the front as a primary control on the deposition of fine-grained Sediment. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Katarzyna Grygoyć - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Impact of River Water and Bottom Sediment Pollution on Accumulation of Metal(loid)s and Arsenic Species in the Coastal Plants Stuckenia pectinata L., Galium aparine L., and Urtica dioica L.: A Chemometric and Environmental Study
    Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2020
    Co-Authors: Magdalena Jabłońska-czapla, Piotr Zerzucha, Katarzyna Grygoyć
    Abstract:

    The role of water and Bottom Sediment pollution of a river subjected to a strong industrial anthropo-pressure in coastal plants was investigated. The work presented the influence of polluted environment on accumulation of metal(loid)s (including arsenic and its species) in Stuckenia pectinata L. , Galium aparine L ., and Urtica dioica L. The study provided important information on the contents of organic and inorganic arsenic species in selected plants and their response to heavy metal and arsenic contamination. The As(III), As(V), AB (arsenobetaine), MMA (monomethylarsonic acid), and DMA (dimethylarsinic acid) ions were successfully separated on the Hamilton PRP-X100 column with high-performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS) techniques. The Pollution Load Index and geo-accumulation Index ( I _geo) values clearly indicate significant pollution of the examined ecosystem with heavy metals. The chemometric analysis with the concepts of (Dis)similarity Analysis, Cluster Analysis, and Principal Component Analysis helped to visualize the variability of the As species concentrations and to analyse correlations between sampling point locations and analyte contents.

  • Spatial and temporal variability of metal(loid)s concentration as well as simultaneous determination of five arsenic and antimony species using HPLC-ICP-MS technique in the study of water and Bottom Sediments of the shallow, lowland, dam reservoir in
    Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2020
    Co-Authors: Magdalena Jabłońska-czapla, Katarzyna Grygoyć
    Abstract:

    The optimization of new methodology for simultaneous determination of arsenic [As(III), As(V)] and antimony [Sb(III), Sb(V), SbMe_3] species using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in water and Bottom Sediment samples collected from the dam Kozłowa Góra Reservoir (Poland) was studied. Samples were collected monthly from May to September 2018 in four-point (water) and fifth-point (Sediment) transects. The contents of Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cr, Rb, Sr, Cd, Sb, Ba, Tl, Pb, and Sb were studied in water and Bottom Sediments using ICP-MS techniques. Additionally, arsenic and antimony fractions were determined in Sediments with the BCR method. Pollution Load Index (PLI), Geoaccumulation Index (I_geo), LAWA classification, and Sb/As ratio indicated the presence of extreme Sediment pollution for Zn, Cd, Pb, and Cr from anthropogenic sources. Research has shown that the easy-leached Bottom Sediment fraction contained in most cases more As(V) and Sb(V). But often Sb(V) concentration was equal as Sb(III), which can be released into the pelagic zone under favorable conditions. Even though As(V) and Sb(V) prevail in the reservoir Bottom Sediments, they can be transformed into As(III) and Sb(III) as a result of drastic changes in pH or redox potential. The Kozłowa Góra Sediments are heavily polluted with Pb, Zn, Cd, and As, Cu, and Ni. The highest concentrations of the heavy metals were recorded in the middle of the tank and there was a small spatial variability. The migration of metals along the reservoir transect was closely related to its morphometry.

Ev Lazareva - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • behavior of heavy metals in sulfide mine tailings and Bottom Sediment salair kemerovo region russia
    Environmental Earth Sciences, 2011
    Co-Authors: A A Bogush, Ev Lazareva
    Abstract:

    The given work focused on solving the problem of environmental geochemistry related to investigation of element speciation, their mobility, and migration in polluted areas. The purpose was to describe quantitatively migration, distribution, and redistribution of heavy metals by the example of the old tailings (Talmovaya sands) of the Lead Zinc Concentration Plant (Salair, Kemerovo region, Russia) and technogenic Bottom Sediments of the Malaya Talmovaya river. Contents of elements in the sulfide tailings range in the following limits: Zn: 1,100–27,000 ppm, Cd: 1.3–240 ppm, Pb: 0.01–0.81 ppm, Cu: 220–960 ppm, As: 15–970 ppm, Fe: 19,000–76,000 ppm, and Ba: 80,000–1,00,000 ppm. Element concentrations in the river Sediment are proportional to the element contents in the sulfide tailings. Element speciations in the sulfide tailings and technogenic Bottom Sediments were investigated by the modified sequential extraction procedure. Chemical forms of heavy metals in pore water and surface water were calculated by WATEQ4F software. Principles of heavy metal migration in the sulfide tailings and technogenic Bottom deposits were established. The obtained results about element species in the sulfide tailings and Sediment explain the main principles of element migration and redeposition. In the mine waste and technogenic Bottom deposits, there is vertical substance transformation with formation of geochemical barriers.

  • Behavior of heavy metals in sulfide mine tailings and Bottom Sediment (Salair, Kemerovo region, Russia)
    Environmental Earth Sciences, 2011
    Co-Authors: Ev Lazareva
    Abstract:

    The given work focused on solving the problem of environmental geochemistry related to investigation of element speciation, their mobility, and migration in polluted areas. The purpose was to describe quantitatively migration, distribution, and redistribution of heavy metals by the example of the old tailings (Talmovaya sands) of the Lead Zinc Concentration Plant (Salair, Kemerovo region, Russia) and technogenic Bottom Sediments of the Malaya Talmovaya river. Contents of elements in the sulfide tailings range in the following limits: Zn: 1,100-27,000 ppm, Cd: 1.3-240 ppm, Pb: 0.01-0.81 ppm, Cu: 220-960 ppm, As: 15-970 ppm, Fe: 19,000-76,000 ppm, and Ba: 80,000-1,00,000 ppm. Element concentrations in the river Sediment are proportional to the element contents in the sulfide tailings. Element speciations in the sulfide tailings and technogenic Bottom Sediments were investigated by the modified sequential extraction procedure. Chemical forms of heavy metals in pore water and surface water were calculated by WATEQ4F software. Principles of heavy metal migration in the sulfide tailings and technogenic Bottom deposits were established. The obtained results about element species in the sulfide tailings and Sediment explain the main principles of element migration and redeposition. In the mine waste and technogenic Bottom deposits, there is vertical substance transformation with formation of geochemical barriers. © 2011 Springer-Verlag.

Nathan Hawley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a model of Sediment resuspension and transport dynamics in southern lake michigan
    Journal of Geophysical Research, 2000
    Co-Authors: David J Schwab, Dmitry Beletsky, Nathan Hawley
    Abstract:

    A quasi-three-dimensional suspended Sediment transport model was developed and generalized to include combined wave-current effects to study Bottom Sediment resuspension and transport in southern Lake Michigan. The results from a three-dimensional circulation model and a wind wave model were used as input to the Sediment transport model. Two effects of nonlinear wave-current interactions were considered in the Sediment transport model: the changes in turbulence intensity due to waves and the enhancement of induced Bottom shear stresses. Empirical formulations of Sediment entrainment and resuspension processes were established and parameterized by laboratory data and field studies in the lake. In this preliminary application of the model to Lake Michigan, only a single grain size is used to characterize the Sedimentary material, and the Bottom of the lake is treated as an unlimited Sediment source. The model results were compared with measured suspended Sediment concentrations at two stations and several municipal water intake turbidity measurements in southern Lake Michigan during November–December 1994. The model was able to reproduce the general patterns of high-turbidity events in the lake. A model simulation for the entire 1994–1995 two-year period gave a reasonable description of Sediment erosion/deposition in the lake, and the modeled settling mass fluxes were consistent with Sediment trap data. The mechanisms of Sediment resuspension and transport in southern Lake Michigan are discussed. To improve the model, Sediment classifications, spatial Bottom Sediment distribution, Sediment source function, and tributary Sediment discharge should be considered.

Chiara Romano - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • canyon effect and seasonal variability of deep sea organisms in the nw mediterranean synchronous year long captures of swimmers from near Bottom Sediment traps in a submarine canyon and its adjacent open slope
    Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 2017
    Co-Authors: Chiara Romano, Maria Del Mar Flexas, Marta Segura, Sara Roman, Nixon Bahamon, Josep Maria Gili, Anna Sanchezvidal, Daniel Martin
    Abstract:

    Numerous organisms, including both passive sinkers and active migrators, are captured in Sediment traps together with Sediments. By capturing these “swimmers”, the traps become an extraordinarily tool to obtain relevant information on the biodiversity and dynamics of deep-sea organisms. Here we analyze near-Bottom swimmers larger than 500 μm and their fluxes collected from eight near-Bottom Sediment traps installed on instrumented moorings deployed nearby Blanes Canyon (BC). Our data, obtained from November 2008 to October 2009 with a sampling rate of 15 days, constitutes the first year-long, continuous time series of the whole swimmers’ community collected at different traps and Bottom depths (from 300 m to 1800 m) inside a submarine canyon and on its adjacent open slope (OS). The traps captured 2155 specimens belonging to 70 taxa, with Crustacea (mainly Copepoda) and Annelida Polychaeta accounting for more than 90% of the total abundance. Almost half of the identified taxa (33) were only present in BC traps, where mean annual swimmer fluxes per trap were almost one order of magnitude higher than in the OS ones. Temporal variability in swimmer fluxes was more evident in BC than in OS. Fluxes dropped in winter (in coincidence with the stormy period in the region) and remained low until the following spring. In spring, there was a switch in taxa composition, including an increase of planktonic organisms. Additionally, we report drastic effects of extreme events, such as major storms, on deep-sea fauna. The impact of such extreme events along submarine canyon systems calls to rethink the influence of climate-driven phenomena on deep-sea ecosystems and, consequently, on their living resources.