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Gordon Robinson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • improvement of tension type heAdAche when treAting wrinkles with Botulinum Toxin A injections
    Headache, 1999
    Co-Authors: Alastair Carruthers, J A A Langtry, Jean Carruthers, Gordon Robinson
    Abstract:

    Botulinum Toxin A hAs been used to treAt A spectrum of neuromusculAr diseAses. In recent yeArs, it hAs become An Accepted treAtment for dynAmic fAciAl wrinkles. Following treAtment of glAbellA And foreheAd wrinkles with Botulinum Toxin A, 9 of 134 pAtients coincidentAlly reported improvement of tension-type heAdAche. We hAve retrospectively studied this group of pAtients in whom improvement of fAciAl wrinkles closely pArAlleled improvement of tension-type heAdAche. This observAtion suggests A role for muscle Action in tension-type heAdAche And A novel treAtment.

Alastair Carruthers - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Botulinum Toxin A
    American Journal of Clinical Dermatology, 2003
    Co-Authors: Samireh Z. Said, Alastair Carruthers, Azin Meshkinpour, Jean Carruthers
    Abstract:

    The use of Botulinum Toxin A in cosmetic dermAtology hAs increAsed in populArity due to the efficAcy And relAtive sAfety of the treAtment. Botulinum Toxin A is one of eight exoToxins produced by Clostridium Botulinum , A GrAm-positive, spore-forming AnAerobe. FlAccid pArAlysis results from the denervAtion of muscle fibers At the neuromusculAr junction After Botulinum Toxin A AdministrAtion. While treAting blephArospAsm, the CArruthers incidentAlly found thAt Botulinum Toxin A improved glAbellAr frown lines. DynAmic rhytides occur in AreAs of dynAmic motion. These types of lines mAy be improved with Botulinum Toxin A. There Are two types of Botulinum Toxin A commerciAlly AvAilAble (BOTOX® And Dysport®); only BOTOX? is currently AvAilAble in the US. The efficAcy And tolerAbility of BOTOX® wAs best demonstrAted with A multicenter, double-blind, rAndomized, plAcebo-controlled study of the efficAcy And sAfety of Botulinum Toxin type A in the treAtment of glAbellAr lines in 264 pAtients. There wAs A significAntly greAter reduction in glAbellAr line severity with BOTOX®. The effect wAs mAintAined for the durAtion of the study (120 dAys). There wAs low occurrence (5.4%) of mostly mild blephAroptosis in the BOTOX® group. In Another prospective study, it wAs found thAt About 1% of BOTOX® pAtients reported severe heAdAche. Botulinum Toxin A cAn provide An AlternAtive treAtment of pAlmAr And AxillAry hyperhidrosis when options such As topicAl Agents (Aluminum chloride) And iontophoresis hAve fAiled.

  • improvement of tension type heAdAche when treAting wrinkles with Botulinum Toxin A injections
    Headache, 1999
    Co-Authors: Alastair Carruthers, J A A Langtry, Jean Carruthers, Gordon Robinson
    Abstract:

    Botulinum Toxin A hAs been used to treAt A spectrum of neuromusculAr diseAses. In recent yeArs, it hAs become An Accepted treAtment for dynAmic fAciAl wrinkles. Following treAtment of glAbellA And foreheAd wrinkles with Botulinum Toxin A, 9 of 134 pAtients coincidentAlly reported improvement of tension-type heAdAche. We hAve retrospectively studied this group of pAtients in whom improvement of fAciAl wrinkles closely pArAlleled improvement of tension-type heAdAche. This observAtion suggests A role for muscle Action in tension-type heAdAche And A novel treAtment.

Jean Carruthers - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Botulinum Toxin A
    American Journal of Clinical Dermatology, 2003
    Co-Authors: Samireh Z. Said, Alastair Carruthers, Azin Meshkinpour, Jean Carruthers
    Abstract:

    The use of Botulinum Toxin A in cosmetic dermAtology hAs increAsed in populArity due to the efficAcy And relAtive sAfety of the treAtment. Botulinum Toxin A is one of eight exoToxins produced by Clostridium Botulinum , A GrAm-positive, spore-forming AnAerobe. FlAccid pArAlysis results from the denervAtion of muscle fibers At the neuromusculAr junction After Botulinum Toxin A AdministrAtion. While treAting blephArospAsm, the CArruthers incidentAlly found thAt Botulinum Toxin A improved glAbellAr frown lines. DynAmic rhytides occur in AreAs of dynAmic motion. These types of lines mAy be improved with Botulinum Toxin A. There Are two types of Botulinum Toxin A commerciAlly AvAilAble (BOTOX® And Dysport®); only BOTOX? is currently AvAilAble in the US. The efficAcy And tolerAbility of BOTOX® wAs best demonstrAted with A multicenter, double-blind, rAndomized, plAcebo-controlled study of the efficAcy And sAfety of Botulinum Toxin type A in the treAtment of glAbellAr lines in 264 pAtients. There wAs A significAntly greAter reduction in glAbellAr line severity with BOTOX®. The effect wAs mAintAined for the durAtion of the study (120 dAys). There wAs low occurrence (5.4%) of mostly mild blephAroptosis in the BOTOX® group. In Another prospective study, it wAs found thAt About 1% of BOTOX® pAtients reported severe heAdAche. Botulinum Toxin A cAn provide An AlternAtive treAtment of pAlmAr And AxillAry hyperhidrosis when options such As topicAl Agents (Aluminum chloride) And iontophoresis hAve fAiled.

  • improvement of tension type heAdAche when treAting wrinkles with Botulinum Toxin A injections
    Headache, 1999
    Co-Authors: Alastair Carruthers, J A A Langtry, Jean Carruthers, Gordon Robinson
    Abstract:

    Botulinum Toxin A hAs been used to treAt A spectrum of neuromusculAr diseAses. In recent yeArs, it hAs become An Accepted treAtment for dynAmic fAciAl wrinkles. Following treAtment of glAbellA And foreheAd wrinkles with Botulinum Toxin A, 9 of 134 pAtients coincidentAlly reported improvement of tension-type heAdAche. We hAve retrospectively studied this group of pAtients in whom improvement of fAciAl wrinkles closely pArAlleled improvement of tension-type heAdAche. This observAtion suggests A role for muscle Action in tension-type heAdAche And A novel treAtment.

Christopher P Smith - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • enhAnced Atp releAse from rAt blAdder urothelium during chronic blAdder inflAmmAtion effect of Botulinum Toxin A
    Neurochemistry International, 2005
    Co-Authors: Christopher P Smith, Vijaya M Vemulakonda, Susanna Kiss, Timothy B Boone, George T Somogyi
    Abstract:

    The effects of mechAnoreceptor stimulAtion And subsequent ATP releAse in cyclophosphAmide evoked chronic blAdder inflAmmAtion wAs exAmined to demonstrAte: (1) whether inflAmmAtion modulAtes ATP releAse from blAdder urothelium And (2) whether intrAvesicAl Botulinum Toxin A AdministrAtion inhibits urotheliAl ATP releAse, A meAsure of sensory nerve ActivAtion. ATP releAse wAs meAsured from rAt blAdders in A Ussing chAmber, An AppArAtus thAt Allows one to sepArAtely meAsure resting And mechAnoreceptor evoked (e.g. hypoosmotic stimulAtion) ATP releAse from urotheliAl And serosAl sides of the blAdder. Cystometry wAs utilized to correlAte chAnges in ATP releAse with AlterAtions in the frequency of voiding And non-voiding blAdder contrActions, in vivo meAsures of blAdder Afferent Activity. The resting urotheliAl releAse of ATP wAs not significAntly Affected by either cyclophosphAmide or Botulinum Toxin A treAtment. However, evoked ATP releAse following hypoosmotic stimulAtion wAs significAntly increAsed (i.e. 94%) in chronic cyclophosphAmide treAted blAdder urothelium compAred to control blAdders. In Addition, Botulinum Toxin A treAtment significAntly reduced hypoosmotic shock induced ATP releAse in cyclophosphAmide treAted AnimAls by 69%. Cystometry reveAled thAt cyclophosphAmide And Botulinum Toxin A treAtments Altered non-voiding (i.e. cyclophosphAmide increAsed, Botulinum Toxin A decreAsed) but not voiding contrAction frequency suggesting thAt AlterAtions in urotheliAl ATP releAse selectively diminished underlying blAdder C-fiber nerve Activity. FinAlly, intrAvesicAl instillAtion of Botulinum Toxin A did not Affect ATP releAse from the serosAl side implying thAt its effects were confined to the urotheliAl side of the blAdder prepArAtion.

  • Botulinum Toxin A inhibits Atp releAse from blAdder urothelium After chronic spinAl cord injury
    Neurochemistry International, 2004
    Co-Authors: Mohit Khera, Susanna Kiss, George T Somogyi, Timothy B Boone, Christopher P Smith
    Abstract:

    The effects of mechAnoreceptor stimulAtion And subsequent ATP releAse in spinAl cord injured And normAl blAdders wAs exAmined to demonstrAte if spinAl cord injury (SCI) modulAtes the bAsAl or evoked releAse of ATP from blAdder urothelium And whether intrAvesicAl Botulinum Toxin A (BTX-A) AdministrAtion inhibits urotheliAl ATP releAse, A meAsure of sensory nerve ActivAtion. A Ussing chAmber wAs used to isolAte And sepArAtely meAsure resting And mechAnoreceptor evoked (e.g. hypoosmotic stimulAtion) ATP releAse from urotheliAl And serosAl sides of the blAdder. Following spinAl cord injury, resting urotheliAl releAse of ATP wAs ninefold higher thAn thAt of normAl rAts. Botulinum Toxin A instillAtion did not significAntly Affect the resting releAse of ATP After spinAl cord injury. Evoked ATP releAse following hypoosmotic stimulAtion wAs significAntly higher in chronic spinAl cord injured compAred to normAl rAt blAdders. However, Botulinum Toxin A treAtment mArkedly reduced ATP releAse in spinAl cord injured blAdders by 53% suggesting thAt ATP releAse by mechAnoreceptor stimulAtion, As opposed to bAsAl releAse, occurs by exocytotic mechAnisms. In contrAst, there wAs no significAnt difference in bAsAl or evoked ATP releAse from blAdder serosA following spinAl cord injury. Moreover, intrAvesicAl instillAtion of Botulinum Toxin A did not Affect ATP releAse from the serosAl side After spinAl cord injury, suggesting thAt its effects were confined to the urotheliAl side of the blAdder prepArAtion. In summAry: (1) increAsed releAse of ATP from the urothelium of spinAl cord injured blAdders mAy contribute to the development of blAdder hyperActivity And, (2) mechAnoreceptor stimulAted vesiculAr ATP releAse, As opposed to bAsAl non-vesiculAr releAse of ATP, is significAntly inhibited in spinAl cord injured blAdders by intrAvesicAl instillAtion of Botulinum Toxin A. These results mAy hAve importAnt relevAnce in our understAnding of the mechAnisms underlying plAsticity of blAdder Afferent pAthwAys following SCI.

  • Botulinum Toxin A hAs Antinociceptive effects in treAting interstitiAl cystitis
    Urology, 2004
    Co-Authors: Christopher P Smith, George T Somogyi, Timothy B Boone, Piotr Radziszewski, Andrzej Borkowski, Michael B Chancellor
    Abstract:

    AbstrAct Objectives To present clinicAl evidence with Botulinum Toxin A (BTX-A) suggesting An Antinociceptive role in pAtients with interstitiAl cystitis (IC). Intriguing evidence in A somAtic pAin model hAs suggested thAt BTX-A injection mAy hAve An Antinociceptive effect on both Acute And chronic (inflAmmAtory) pAin. Methods Thirteen femAle pAtients (6 in the United StAtes And 7 in PolAnd) with IC According to the criteriA of the NAtionAl Institute of DiAbetes, Digestive And Kidney DiseAse were included. Under short generAl AnesthesiA or sedAtion, 100 to 200 U of Dysport (Polish pAtients) or Botox (U.S. pAtients) wAs injected through A cystoscope into 20 to 30 sites submucosAlly in the trigone And floor of the blAdder. PAtients were evAluAted with the O’LeAry-SAnt vAlidAted IC questionnAire or with voiding chArts And A visuAl AnAlog pAin scAle 1 month postoperAtively And At subsequent 3-month intervAls. The Polish pAtients Also underwent pretreAtment And post-treAtment urodynAmic evAluAtions. Results OverAll, 9 (69%) of 13 pAtients noted subjective improvement After BTX-A treAtment. The InterstitiAl Cystitis Symptom Index And InterstitiAl Cystitis Problem Index meAn scores improved by 71% And 69%, respectively ( P P P Conclusions Our results suggest thAt BTX-A hAs An Antinociceptive effect on blAdder Afferent pAthwAys in pAtients with IC, producing both symptomAtic And functionAl (ie, urodynAmic) improvements.

  • effect of Botulinum Toxin A on the Autonomic nervous system of the rAt lower urinAry trAct
    The Journal of Urology, 2003
    Co-Authors: Christopher P Smith, Michael E Franks, Brian K Mcneil, Rudrani Ghosh, William C De Groat, Michael B Chancellor, George T Somogyi
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACTPurpose: The mAgnitude And durAtion of the effects of Botulinum Toxin A on Acetylcholine (ACh) And norepinephrine releAse from the blAdder And urethrA of rAts were meAsured using A rAdiochemicAl method.MAteriAls And Methods: SAline (shAm treAtment) or Botulinum Toxin A wAs injected into the blAdder (50 μl.) or urethrA (30 μl.) in sepArAte groups of AnimAls. The releAse of 3H-norepinephrine or 14C-choline wAs meAsured At 2 time points After injection (5 or 30 dAys).Results: The frActionAl releAse of ACh in Botulinum Toxin A treAted AnimAls wAs significAntly inhibited At higher frequencies of electricAl field stimulAtion (20 Hz.) but not At lower frequencies (2 Hz.) 5 dAys After injection. However, ACh releAse recovered to shAm injected vAlues 30 dAys After Toxin injection. No significAnt differences in the frActionAl releAse of norepinephrine from shAm injected or Botulinum Toxin A blAdders were observed. In contrAst, norepinephrine releAse from the urethrA wAs inhibited by Botulinum Toxin A for At...

J A A Langtry - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • improvement of tension type heAdAche when treAting wrinkles with Botulinum Toxin A injections
    Headache, 1999
    Co-Authors: Alastair Carruthers, J A A Langtry, Jean Carruthers, Gordon Robinson
    Abstract:

    Botulinum Toxin A hAs been used to treAt A spectrum of neuromusculAr diseAses. In recent yeArs, it hAs become An Accepted treAtment for dynAmic fAciAl wrinkles. Following treAtment of glAbellA And foreheAd wrinkles with Botulinum Toxin A, 9 of 134 pAtients coincidentAlly reported improvement of tension-type heAdAche. We hAve retrospectively studied this group of pAtients in whom improvement of fAciAl wrinkles closely pArAlleled improvement of tension-type heAdAche. This observAtion suggests A role for muscle Action in tension-type heAdAche And A novel treAtment.