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Kamila Santos De ,morais - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Electrocardiographic parameters, radiological, and systolic arteryal pressure in dogs with Brachycephalic Syndrome
2011Co-Authors: Kamila Santos De ,moraisAbstract:Alterações anatômicas das vias aéreas superiores são comuns em cães braquicefálicos e causam a síndrome braquicefálica, que é caracterizada por prolongamento do palato mole, estenose das narinas, hipoplasia de traquéia e eversão dos sáculos laríngeos. Os sinais clínicos são intolerância ao exercício, ruídos respiratórios altos, estertor, aumento do esforço inspiratório, tosse, alteração de voz, dispnéia, cianose e síncope. Em um universo de 75 animais, dois grupos foram estabelecidos, sendo o Grupo I (grupo controle) composto por cães não braquicefálicos e o Grupo II, por cães braquicefálicos. Todos os animais foram submetidos aos exames físicos completos, radiográfico, eletrocardiográfico e mensuração da pressão arterial sistólica. A análise dos dados revelou que setenta e cinco por cento dos cães braquicefálicos são acometidos por alterações anatômicas que caracterizam a síndrome braquicefálica, sendo a mais freqüente o prolongamento de palato mole, seguida pela estenose nasal. Roncos, seguido de dispnéia são os sinais clínicos mais relatados. A arritmia sinusal é o ritmo mais visto e a hipertensão pulmonar e o Cor Pulmonale não são alterações freqüentes em cães braquicefálicos. _________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTAnatomical changes of the upper airways are common in Brachycephalic dogs and cause the Brachycephalic Syndrome, which is characterized by prolongation of the soft palate, stenosis of the nostrils, hypoplastic trachea and eversion of the laryngeal saccules. Clinical signs include exercise intolerance, loud respiratory sounds, rattle, increased inspiratory effort, cough, voice alteration, dyspnea, cyanosis and syncope. In a universe of 75 animals two groups were established, Group I (control group) composed of non-Brachycephalic dogs and Group II, composed of Brachycephalic dogs. All animals underwent complete physical examinations, radiographic, electrocardiographic, and systolic blood pressure measurement. Data analysis revealed that seventy-five percent of Brachycephalic dogs were affected by anatomical changes that characterize the Brachycephalic Syndrome, and the most frequent anatomical change was the extension of the soft palate, followed by nasal stenosis. Snoring, followed by dyspnea are the main clinical signs reported. Sinus arrhythmia is the slower pace seen and pulmonary hypertension and cor pulmonale are not frequent changes in Brachycephalic dogs
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Electrocardiographic parameters, radiological, and systolic arteryal pressure in dogs with Brachycephalic Syndrome
2011Co-Authors: Kamila Santos De ,moraisAbstract:Monografia (graduação)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, 2011.Alterações anatômicas das vias aéreas superiores são comuns em cães braquicefálicos e causam a síndrome braquicefálica, que é caracterizada por prolongamento do palato mole, estenose das narinas, hipoplasia de traquéia e eversão dos sáculos laríngeos. Os sinais clínicos são intolerância ao exercício, ruídos respiratórios altos, estertor, aumento do esforço inspiratório, tosse, alteração de voz, dispnéia, cianose e síncope. Em um universo de 75 animais, dois grupos foram estabelecidos, sendo o Grupo I (grupo controle) composto por cães não braquicefálicos e o Grupo II, por cães braquicefálicos. Todos os animais foram submetidos aos exames físicos completos, radiográfico, eletrocardiográfico e mensuração da pressão arterial sistólica. A análise dos dados revelou que setenta e cinco por cento dos cães braquicefálicos são acometidos por alterações anatômicas que caracterizam a síndrome braquicefálica, sendo a mais freqüente o prolongamento de palato mole, seguida pela estenose nasal. Roncos, seguido de dispnéia são os sinais clínicos mais relatados. A arritmia sinusal é o ritmo mais visto e a hipertensão pulmonar e o Cor Pulmonale não são alterações freqüentes em cães braquicefálicos. _________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTAnatomical changes of the upper airways are common in Brachycephalic dogs and cause the Brachycephalic Syndrome, which is characterized by prolongation of the soft palate, stenosis of the nostrils, hypoplastic trachea and eversion of the laryngeal saccules. Clinical signs include exercise intolerance, loud respiratory sounds, rattle, increased inspiratory effort, cough, voice alteration, dyspnea, cyanosis and syncope. In a universe of 75 animals two groups were established, Group I (control group) composed of non-Brachycephalic dogs and Group II, composed of Brachycephalic dogs. All animals underwent complete physical examinations, radiographic, electrocardiographic, and systolic blood pressure measurement. Data analysis revealed that seventy-five percent of Brachycephalic dogs were affected by anatomical changes that characterize the Brachycephalic Syndrome, and the most frequent anatomical change was the extension of the soft palate, followed by nasal stenosis. Snoring, followed by dyspnea are the main clinical signs reported. Sinus arrhythmia is the slower pace seen and pulmonary hypertension and cor pulmonale are not frequent changes in Brachycephalic dogs
Dias, Maria Luíza De Melo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Variáveis antatômicas, cardiovasculares e hemogasométricas em cães com a síndrome braquicefálica
2014Co-Authors: Dias, Maria Luíza De MeloAbstract:Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, 2014.A síndrome braquicefálica caracteriza-se pelo aumento da resistência à passagem do ar nas vias aéreas superiores, devido a combinações de deformidades anatômicas como estenose de narinas, alongamento de palato mole, eversão de sáculos laríngeos e hipoplasia traqueal. Vinte cães braquicefálicos (GB) e 20 cães dolicocefálicos (GC), com até cinco anos de idade, foram incluídos no estudo. Avaliaram-se pressão arterial sistólica, média e diastólica, hemogasometria, ecodopplercardiografia, eletrocardiografia, eletrocardiografia ambulatorial, hematimetria e radiografias torácica e cervical. A média ± desvio padrão da abertura da narina no GB foi estatisticamente menor comparado ao GC (0,23 ± 0,08 cm versus 0,56 ± 0,05 cm, p < 0,001). A SaO2 foi menor no GB (p < 0,001) e a pressão arterial média foi maior no GB (p = 0,05). Todos os cães braquicefálicos apresentaram arritmia sinusal (AS) e 15 (75%) destes tinham AS maior que 20% de variação entre intervalo RR adjacente, enquanto no GC, 17 (85%) animais apresentaram AS e 13 (65%) destes demonstraram AS maior que 20% de variação entre intervalo RR adjacente. A [HCO3-]v e PvCO2 foram maiores no GB (p < 0,001). Resultados deste estudo sugerem que cães braquicefálicos jovens já apresentam menor SaO2 e maior pressão arterial média quando comparados com cães dolicocefálicos. ______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThe Brachycephalic Syndrome is characterized by increased upper airway resistance to airflow due to combinations of anatomical deformities such as stenotic nares, elongation of the soft palate, eversion of the laryngeal saccules and tracheal hypoplasia. Twenty Brachycephalic (BG) and 20 dolicocephalic dogs (CG), aged up to five years, were included in the study. Systolic (SAP), mean (MAP), and diastolic (DAP) arterial blood pressure recordings were recorded. Blood gases and complete blood count (CBC) were measured. Doppler echocardiography, electrocardiography, ambulatory electrocardiography as well as thoracic and cervical radiographs were evaluated. The mean ± standard deviation diameter of the nares was significantly lower in BG compared to CG (0.23 ± 0.08 versus 0.56 ± 0.05 cm, p < 0.001). The SaO2 was lower (p < 0.001) and mean arterial pressure higher in BG (p = 0.05). All Brachycephalic dogs had sinus arrhythmia (SA), and 15 (75 %) of these showed more than 20 % variation between adjacent R-R intervals, whereas in CG, 17 (85 %) of the animals presented SA and 13 (65 %) of these showed more than 20 % variation between adjacent R-R intervals. Both [HCO3-]v and PvCO2 were higher in BG (p < 0.001). Results of this study suggest that young Brachycephalic dogs already have lower SaO2 and higher MAP when compared with dolichocephalic dogs
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Variáveis antatômicas, cardiovasculares e hemogasométricas em cães com a síndrome braquicefálica
2014Co-Authors: Dias, Maria Luíza De MeloAbstract:A síndrome braquicefálica caracteriza-se pelo aumento da resistência à passagem do ar nas vias aéreas superiores, devido a combinações de deformidades anatômicas como estenose de narinas, alongamento de palato mole, eversão de sáculos laríngeos e hipoplasia traqueal. Vinte cães braquicefálicos (GB) e 20 cães dolicocefálicos (GC), com até cinco anos de idade, foram incluídos no estudo. Avaliaram-se pressão arterial sistólica, média e diastólica, hemogasometria, ecodopplercardiografia, eletrocardiografia, eletrocardiografia ambulatorial, hematimetria e radiografias torácica e cervical. A média ± desvio padrão da abertura da narina no GB foi estatisticamente menor comparado ao GC (0,23 ± 0,08 cm versus 0,56 ± 0,05 cm, p < 0,001). A SaO2 foi menor no GB (p < 0,001) e a pressão arterial média foi maior no GB (p = 0,05). Todos os cães braquicefálicos apresentaram arritmia sinusal (AS) e 15 (75%) destes tinham AS maior que 20% de variação entre intervalo RR adjacente, enquanto no GC, 17 (85%) animais apresentaram AS e 13 (65%) destes demonstraram AS maior que 20% de variação entre intervalo RR adjacente. A [HCO3-]v e PvCO2 foram maiores no GB (p < 0,001). Resultados deste estudo sugerem que cães braquicefálicos jovens já apresentam menor SaO2 e maior pressão arterial média quando comparados com cães dolicocefálicos. ______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThe Brachycephalic Syndrome is characterized by increased upper airway resistance to airflow due to combinations of anatomical deformities such as stenotic nares, elongation of the soft palate, eversion of the laryngeal saccules and tracheal hypoplasia. Twenty Brachycephalic (BG) and 20 dolicocephalic dogs (CG), aged up to five years, were included in the study. Systolic (SAP), mean (MAP), and diastolic (DAP) arterial blood pressure recordings were recorded. Blood gases and complete blood count (CBC) were measured. Doppler echocardiography, electrocardiography, ambulatory electrocardiography as well as thoracic and cervical radiographs were evaluated. The mean ± standard deviation diameter of the nares was significantly lower in BG compared to CG (0.23 ± 0.08 versus 0.56 ± 0.05 cm, p < 0.001). The SaO2 was lower (p < 0.001) and mean arterial pressure higher in BG (p = 0.05). All Brachycephalic dogs had sinus arrhythmia (SA), and 15 (75 %) of these showed more than 20 % variation between adjacent R-R intervals, whereas in CG, 17 (85 %) of the animals presented SA and 13 (65 %) of these showed more than 20 % variation between adjacent R-R intervals. Both [HCO3-]v and PvCO2 were higher in BG (p < 0.001). Results of this study suggest that young Brachycephalic dogs already have lower SaO2 and higher MAP when compared with dolichocephalic dogs
G Oechtering - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a novel approach to Brachycephalic Syndrome 3 isolated laser assisted turbinectomy of caudal aberrant turbinates cat late
Veterinary Surgery, 2017Co-Authors: Riccarda Schuenemann, Sabine Pohl, G OechteringAbstract:Objective To describe isolated laser-assisted turbinectomy of caudal aberrant turbinates (CAT LATE) as a new minimally invasive surgical procedure for the treatment of Brachycephalic dogs with obstructing caudal aberrant turbinates (CAT). Study Design Prospective clinical study. Animals Brachycephalic dogs (24 Pugs, 1 English Bulldog) with CAT but adequate air spaces between the lamellae of the nonobstructing ventral nasal concha. Methods A rhinoscopically guided diode laser fiber introduced from anterior was used to dissect CAT within the nasopharyngeal meatus, while leaving the intranasal turbinates intact. Small grasping forceps were used to extract the dissected CAT from anterior or to push it through the nasopharyngeal meatus for extraction from posterior. Results Isolated CAT LATE was successfully performed on 32 CAT in 25 dogs. Intranasally applied xylometazoline helped shrink the ventral concha, making the approach and extraction easier. Minor bleeding was the only complication observed. Conclusion It is possible to remove CAT with endoscopically applied diode-laser energy while leaving the nonobstructing ventral nasal concha intact.
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a novel approach to Brachycephalic Syndrome 2 laser assisted turbinectomy late
Veterinary Surgery, 2016Co-Authors: G Oechtering, Sabine Pohl, Claudia Schlueter, Riccarda SchuenemannAbstract:Objective To introduce a new surgical procedure based on interventional, laser-assisted removal of obstructing turbinate tissue to improve endonasal airway patency in Brachycephalic dogs and to confirm the short and long term results using computed tomography (CT) and rhinoscopy. Study Design Prospective clinical study. Animals Brachycephalic dogs (n = 158; 70 Pugs, 77 French Bulldogs, 11 English Bulldogs) referred for treatment of severe respiratory distress because of Brachycephalic Syndrome. Methods Computed tomography and anterior and posterior rhinoscopy were performed to evaluate endonasal obstruction. Laser-assisted turbinectomy (LATE) using a diode laser was performed as part of a multilevel surgery. Nasal conchae that were causing airway obstruction were removed. Results The obstructing parts of the conchae were safely and efficiently removed by LATE, shaping a patent nasal airway in all dogs. The newly developed surgical procedure involved 3 steps: turbinectomy of the (1) concha nasalis ventralis; (2) rostral aberrantly growing turbinates (RAT); and (3) caudal aberrantly growing turbinates (CAT). Complications of the procedure included transient intraoperative hemorrhage in 51 of 158 dogs (32.3%); however, a temporary tamponade was necessary in only 2/158 dogs (1.3%). After 6 months, regrowth of turbinates required resection of possibly re-obstructing tissue in 25/158 dogs (15.8%; 1 Pug and 24 French Bulldogs). Conclusion LATE is an effective method for creating a patent nasal airway in Brachycephalic dogs with intranasal obstruction.
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how does severe brachycephaly affect dog s lives results of a structured preoperative owner questionnaire
Veterinary Journal, 2013Co-Authors: Frauke S Roedler, Sabine Pohl, G OechteringAbstract:Abstract Brachycephalic Syndrome (BS) is a complex canine disease, which is characterized by diverse clinical signs primarily involving the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems. Through a structured owner questionnaire, the present study investigated how owners perceived the frequency and severity of a broad spectrum of welfare-relevant impairments caused by this hereditary disease. One hundred owners of Brachycephalic dogs (Pugs and French bulldogs) referred for surgical treatment of BS completed the questionnaire. As a basis for comparison, 20 owners of mesocephalic dogs also completed part of the questionnaire. Questionnaire responses revealed that in addition to the well-known respiratory signs, Brachycephalic dogs experienced severe exercise intolerance and prolonged recovery time after physical exercise (88%), significant heat sensitivity (more severe signs at temperatures above 19 °C; 50%) and a variety of sleep problems (56%). To our knowledge, this is the first study using a structured owner questionnaire specifically to investigate a broad range of problems caused by selective breeding for brachycephaly. In particular, decreased exercise tolerance, increased recovery time due to heat intolerance and the extent of sleep problems have either been underestimated in the past, or have severely worsened over recent generations of dogs. The extent and severity of clinical signs and their impact on quality of life greatly exceeded our expectations. This study emphasizes the major impact that selective breeding for extreme Brachycephalic features has on animal welfare.
Nađ Marcela - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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COMPARISON OF POSTOPERATIVE REGURGITATION IN DOGS AFTER TWO STAFILECTOMY TECHNIQUES IN THE TREATMENT OF BRACHIOCEPHALIC Syndrome 10. SUMMARY Brachycephalic Syndrome is a disease that is primarily characterized by symptoms by the respiratory system. It develops due to various hereditary anatomical abnormalities, and they primarily include stenotic nares, elongated and thickened soft palate, and everted laryngeal saccules. The most commonly affected breeds are the pug, French and English bulldog and Boston terrier. Further, digestive symptoms are also common and include dysphagia, vomiting or regurgitation, and ptyalism. Elongated soft palate is one of the primary components of brachiocephalic Syndrome, which with its excessive length and thickness causes airway obstruction. The purpose of correction of the elongated soft palate is to shorten the sof tpalate by simple resection of the caudal part, and the surgical procedure is calling staphylectomy. It have been described a several surgical techniques for the correction of the elongated soft palate and the most commonly performed are conventional surgical techniques. Nowadays, an innovative surgical technique- Folded flap palatoplasty, is increasingly used. In this study, it will be examined whether the staphylectomy technique has an impact on the occurrence or severity of regurgitation. The dog population was divided into the two groups, those who underwent conventional staphylectomy and those who underwent FFP. The incidence of postoperative regurgitation was monitored by telephone survey of the owner, and based on the obtained data the digestive signs were evaluated according to the point system of Poncetetal. (2005). In conclusion, in both examined groups there was an improvement in respiratory signs as well as digestive ones, regardless of which surgical staphylectomy technique was applied. Keywords: Brachycephalic Syndrome, regurgitation, staphylectomy, Folded flap palatoplasty 31
University of Zagreb. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. Surgery Orthopaedics and Ophtalmology Clinic., 2021Co-Authors: Nađ MarcelaAbstract:Brahiocefalični sindrom je oboljenje koje prvenstveno obilježavaju simptomi od strane dišnoga sustava. Razvija se zbog različitih nasljednih anatomskih abnormalnosti, a primarno one uključuju sužene nosne otvore, produljeno i zadebljalo meko nepce te izvrnute laringealne vrećice. Najčešće zahvaćene pasmine su mops, francuski i engleski buldog te bostonski terijer. Osim dišnih simptoma česti su i probavni simptomi, a oni najčešće uključuju disfagiju, povraćanje ili regurgitaciju te ptijalizam. Produljeno meko nepce jedna je od primarnih komponenata brahiocefaličnog sindroma, koje svojom pretjeranom duljinom i debljinom uzrokuje opstrukciju dišnih putova. Cilj korekcije produljenog mekog nepca je skraćivanje mekog nepca jednostavnom resekcijom kaudalnog dijela, a sam kirurški postupak naziva se stafilektomija. Opisano je nekoliko kirurških tehnika korekcije produljenog mekog nepca. Najčešće su izvođene konvencionalne kirurške tehnike, no u današnje vrijeme sve se češće primjenjuje i inovativna kirurška tehnika, odnosno Folded flap palatoplastika čija je prednost u rješavanju triju komponenata opstrukcije uzrokovane produljenim mekim nepcem: laringealne, nazofaringealne i orofaringealne opstrukcije. U ovome radu ispitivat će se ima li tehnika stafilektomije utjecaj na pojavu, odnosno ozbiljnost regurgitacije. Ispitivana populacija životinja podijeljena je u dvije skupine. U skupini 1 primijenjena je konvencionalna stafilektomija, a u skupini 2 inovativna stafilektomija, odnosno FFP. Pojavnost postoperacijske regurgitacije praćena je telefonskim anketiranjem vlasnika, a na temelju dobivenih podataka probavni znakovi ocijenjeni su prema bodovnom sustavu Ponceta i sur. (2005). Na temelju dobivenih rezultata može se zaključiti da je u obje ispitane skupine došlo do poboljšanja dišnih znakova, ali i probavnih, neovisno o tome koja kirurška tehnika stafilektomije se primijenila.due to various hereditary anatomical abnormalities, and they primarily include stenotic nares, elongated and thickened soft palate, and everted laryngeal saccules. The most commonly affected breeds are the pug, French and English bulldog and Boston terrier. Further, digestive symptoms are also common and include dysphagia, vomiting or regurgitation, and ptyalism. Elongated soft palate is one of the primary components of brachiocephalic Syndrome, which with its excessive length and thickness causes airway obstruction. The purpose of correction of the elongated soft palate is to shorten the sof tpalate by simple resection of the caudal part, and the surgical procedure is calling staphylectomy. It have been described a several surgical techniques for the correction of the elongated soft palate and the most commonly performed are conventional surgical techniques. Nowadays, an innovative surgical technique- Folded flap palatoplasty, is increasingly used. In this study, it will be examined whether the staphylectomy technique has an impact on the occurrence or severity of regurgitation. The dog population was divided into the two groups, those who underwent conventional staphylectomy and those who underwent FFP. The incidence of postoperative regurgitation was monitored by telephone survey of the owner, and based on the obtained data the digestive signs were evaluated according to the point system of Poncetetal. (2005). In conclusion, in both examined groups there was an improvement in respiratory signs as well as digestive ones, regardless of which surgical staphylectomy technique was applied
Riccarda Schuenemann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a novel approach to Brachycephalic Syndrome 3 isolated laser assisted turbinectomy of caudal aberrant turbinates cat late
Veterinary Surgery, 2017Co-Authors: Riccarda Schuenemann, Sabine Pohl, G OechteringAbstract:Objective To describe isolated laser-assisted turbinectomy of caudal aberrant turbinates (CAT LATE) as a new minimally invasive surgical procedure for the treatment of Brachycephalic dogs with obstructing caudal aberrant turbinates (CAT). Study Design Prospective clinical study. Animals Brachycephalic dogs (24 Pugs, 1 English Bulldog) with CAT but adequate air spaces between the lamellae of the nonobstructing ventral nasal concha. Methods A rhinoscopically guided diode laser fiber introduced from anterior was used to dissect CAT within the nasopharyngeal meatus, while leaving the intranasal turbinates intact. Small grasping forceps were used to extract the dissected CAT from anterior or to push it through the nasopharyngeal meatus for extraction from posterior. Results Isolated CAT LATE was successfully performed on 32 CAT in 25 dogs. Intranasally applied xylometazoline helped shrink the ventral concha, making the approach and extraction easier. Minor bleeding was the only complication observed. Conclusion It is possible to remove CAT with endoscopically applied diode-laser energy while leaving the nonobstructing ventral nasal concha intact.
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a novel approach to Brachycephalic Syndrome 2 laser assisted turbinectomy late
Veterinary Surgery, 2016Co-Authors: G Oechtering, Sabine Pohl, Claudia Schlueter, Riccarda SchuenemannAbstract:Objective To introduce a new surgical procedure based on interventional, laser-assisted removal of obstructing turbinate tissue to improve endonasal airway patency in Brachycephalic dogs and to confirm the short and long term results using computed tomography (CT) and rhinoscopy. Study Design Prospective clinical study. Animals Brachycephalic dogs (n = 158; 70 Pugs, 77 French Bulldogs, 11 English Bulldogs) referred for treatment of severe respiratory distress because of Brachycephalic Syndrome. Methods Computed tomography and anterior and posterior rhinoscopy were performed to evaluate endonasal obstruction. Laser-assisted turbinectomy (LATE) using a diode laser was performed as part of a multilevel surgery. Nasal conchae that were causing airway obstruction were removed. Results The obstructing parts of the conchae were safely and efficiently removed by LATE, shaping a patent nasal airway in all dogs. The newly developed surgical procedure involved 3 steps: turbinectomy of the (1) concha nasalis ventralis; (2) rostral aberrantly growing turbinates (RAT); and (3) caudal aberrantly growing turbinates (CAT). Complications of the procedure included transient intraoperative hemorrhage in 51 of 158 dogs (32.3%); however, a temporary tamponade was necessary in only 2/158 dogs (1.3%). After 6 months, regrowth of turbinates required resection of possibly re-obstructing tissue in 25/158 dogs (15.8%; 1 Pug and 24 French Bulldogs). Conclusion LATE is an effective method for creating a patent nasal airway in Brachycephalic dogs with intranasal obstruction.